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Materialism in today's society
Consumerism in today's society
Consumerism in today's society
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Max Barry's Jennifer Government and William Gibson's Neuromancer each depict a dystopian image of the world. In both novels, greed and consumerism become the vice that plagues humanity. Materialism is no longer abstract, but a way of life in these alternate realities. Corporations maintain control over the products they sell as well as the individuals they solicit to. Characters in each novel become victims of corporate tyrants when production precedes compassion. Jennifer Government and Neuromancer portray mass consumerism and human exploitation resulting in a societal dystopia.
Firstly, both novels portray a current social anxiety of consumerism. The concept of consumerism lends itself to a desire to better society and build the economy. Industrialization provides jobs and products to buy and sell, eventually building a more prosperous society. However, like many seemingly good ideas it has the potential to cause problems. This involves the power commercialism has over the masses through use of advertisement propaganda and tactics. Greed becomes a consuming force that strives to gain power and money by any means. Barry and Gibson present a possible future where the idea of accumulation of wealth for both the consumers and corporations has the potential to dominate and even destroy people’s lives.
In Jennifer Government power is in the hands of North American corporations. The majority of the world including North and South America, Russia, Australia, and portions of South Asia and Africa, have become part of the United States. Companies such as Nike, McDonald’s, Pepsi and so forth own everything that is not privatized, such as schools and hospitals. The police and government have become privatized and do not provide ai...
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...nsumerism in Barry and Gibson’s worlds is inescapable and humanity is thereby replaceable.
In summation, the free market creates a vicious cycle where people are feeding off one another for superiority. In Jennifer Government and Neuromancer, the mindset of the company becomes that of the people; buying power means societal power. This greed, though profitable, carries itself to a new level; transforming people into the products they buy either through victimization or self-solicitation. In both novels, people live the brand they work for as well as fall victim to corporate tactics. It seems that the social anxiety that Barry and Gibson portray is a very possible result of current consumerism ideals. If left to cultivate, production will become the new governing power, and it is up to each individual to decide whether to purchase a share and sell their soul.
The United States includes North America, South America, Australia, and the United Kingdom, to name a few. The company a person works for is taken as their surname. And outside the Government, the NRA and the Police are two other organizations of power. These are only a few descriptions of the world that Max Berry has created in his novel Jennifer Government. While the novel may seem like any other fiction book, reading the book closely will reveal Berry’s true purpose of crafting this type of world. In this fictional story, an aspect of life that Berry makes prominent is consumerism. For example, the book is built from the mistake of the first character that is introduced, Hack Nike. Hack works for the Nike Company, and when he receives an opportunity to receive a higher salary, he mindlessly signs a contract, sealing the deal. However, the contract has required him to execute certain illegal activities.
In the essay The Chosen People, Stewart Ewen, discusses his perspective of middle class America. Specifically, he explores the idea that the middle class is suffering from an identity crisis. According to Ewen’s theory, “the notion of personal distinction [in America] is leading to an identity crisis” of the non-upper class. (185) The source of this identity crisis is mass consumerism. As a result of the Industrial Revolution and mass production, products became cheaper and therefore more available to the non-elite classes. “Mass production was investing individuals with tools of identity, marks of personhood.” (Ewen 187) Through advertising, junk mail and style industries, the middle class is always striving for “a stylistic affinity to wealth,” finding “delight in the unreal,” and obsessed with “cheap luxury items.” (Ewen 185-6) In other words, instead of defining themselves based on who they are on the inside, the people of middle class America define themselves in terms of external image and material possessions.
The book White Noise by Don DeLillo traces the protagonist-narrator Jack Gladney’s gradual and astounding progress in life as he tries to conform to the postmodern world to which he belongs while trying to retain his moral and ethical principles. The book discusses the postmodern and cultural explorations in an open and Western living system that incorporates within itself a consumeristically dominant culture vibrant with supermarket-grocery shopping, globalization, mass media dependency, and anticipation towards establishing a concrete, dynamic, and self-created individuality.
Kurt Vonnegut’s science fiction, short story, “Harrison Bergeron” satirizes the defective side of an ideal, utopian American society in 2081, where “everyone was finally equal” (Vonnegut 1). When you first begin to read “Harrison Bergeron”, through an objective, nonchalant voice of the narrator, nothing really overly suggests negativity, yet the conclusion and the narrator's subtle description of the events show how comically tragic it really is. Vonnegut’s use of morbid satire elicits a strong response from the readers as it makes you quickly realize that this scenario does not resemble a utopian society at all, but an oppressive, government and technology-controlled society. “A dystopian society is a
Dystopia represents an artificially created society to where a human population is administered to various types of oppressions, or a human population lives under the order of an oppressive government. The novel Fahrenheit 451 and the film V for Vendetta both effectively display this dystopian concept in their works. The nature of the society, the protagonist who questions the society, and the political power that runs the society are examples of how the novel and the film efficiently capture the main points of a dystopian society. The authors of the novel and the film use their visions of a dystopian future to remark on our present by identifying how today’s society is immensely addicted to technology and how our government has changed over the past decades. Furthermore, the authors use our modern day society to illustrate their view of a dystopia in our
Everyone is in a consumer’s hypnosis, even if you think you are not. When you go to a store and pick one brand over the other, you are now under their spell. The spell/ hypnosis is how companies get you to buy there things over other companies and keep you hooked. Either through commercials or offering something that you think will make your life better by what they tell you. For example, you go to the store and you need to buy water, once you get to the lane and look, there is 10 different types of water you can buy. You go pick one either because the picture is better or you seen the commercial the other day and you want it. During the length of this paper we will talk about two important writers, Kalle Lasn the writer of “The Cult You’re in” and Benoit Denizet-Lewis writer of “ The Man Behind Abercrombie & Fitch”. They both talk about similar topics that go hand and hand with each other, they talk about the consumers “Dream”, how companies recruit the consumers, who cult members really are, how people are forced to wear something they don’t want, and about slackers.
In the postmodern world of William Gibson's Neuromancer, nature is dead, and the world is run by the logic of the corporate machine. Confronted by a reality that is stark, barren, and metallic, and the hopelessness that this reality engenders, the postmodern protagonist, like Case, often immerses himself or herself in an alternate form of reality that is offered in the form of addiction (to virtual reality or drugs, for example), addictions that are made possible by the same society that makes an escape desirable. Such addictions are logical products of the post-modern capitalist society because they perpetuate the steadfast power of the corporation by allowing would-be dissidents an escape from reality, thereby preventing successful rebellion and maintaining the pervasive societal apathy necessary to allow the corporation to dominate undeterred. Case, as the addictive anti-hero, is a product of this stifling cycle of apathy. Lacking the motivation or drive to instigate any true change in his reality, he avoids the unpleasant realities of his world by entering into the altered reality of addiction.
Bauman, Z, (1988) cited in Hetherington K, and Harvard C.(eds) (2014, pg.126,142). He further claims, “This is the characteristic pattern of inequality in our contemporary consumer society one that contrasts with the lines of class and occupational status that characterised the major cleavages in Industrial society”. Bauman, Z, (1988) cited in Alan, J. (2014 pg. 275). Moreover, consumerism encourages people to consume creating their own identities, replacing Identities centred on production and work. Furthermore, Hayek in the ‘Ordering Lives Strand’ claims “The market should be free of political intervention allowing individuals to be free to pursue their own interests” Hayek, F.A. (1976). cited in Clarke, J. (2014 pg.380). However, Allen. claims “The ability to ‘buy into’ a particular lifestyle actively excludes others from it on the basis of lack of income and those unable to do so will be seen as unworthy or inadequate” (Allen, J. 2014 P. 278). Thus constraints can be seen placed on people through lack of income, turning differences into inequalities with evidence indicating that ‘People’s values, beliefs and status are now shaped by ‘Consuming’ rather than as in Industrial times by work, politics and religion’, (The Open University, 2016). Therefore, differences which turn into inequalities are as predominant in today’s consumer society as they were in our industrial
He also looks at the world of men. He utilizes some elements of postmodernism to create a postmodern commentary on the world of sales. According to the document “Modernity/Modernism/Postmodernism” “Late capitalism. There is also a general sense that the world has been so taken over by the values of capitalist acqusition that alternatives no longer exist. One symptom of this fear is … This fear is, of course, aided by advancements in technology, especially surveillance technology, which creates the sense that we are always being watched.” Since 1776, generations of Americans are convinced, as long as through the efforts of unremitting struggle will be able to get a better life. People have to through their own hard work, courage, creativity and determination to move towards prosperity. This play through the people’s failure to denial of everyone can success in the “American
The economic system demands more and more purchase of things to survive. This is shown when Mr. Pym worries more about money and reputation then his employees, when Whimsey informs him of the drug dealing in his office. “But Mr. Pym was past helping anybody. He was chalk white. “Dope? From this office? What on earth will our clients say? How shall I face the Board? The publicity. . . .” (286). Materialism will always override other moral values. The top figures in the drug ring, like Mr. Pym and the manufacturers, are motivated by an ambition for more money. These people will even lie, steal, ruin lives, and even murder to protect their income. The consumers who are manipulated by advertisements to buy more things, even if they are out of reach are like the reckless drug addicts who want more pleasers, for outrageous amounts of money. To Sayers, the root problem in society is materialism, which is a theme she addressed in this novel frequently. All of the characters in the novel can be considered materialists, they have absorbed the materialist worldview from all of the surrounding media and influences around them. “Sayers evokes two modern worlds, that of the workday advertising agency and that of the leisured beau monde. Both are shallow, frivolous, morally vapid, “(Stock). The characters are contradictory, and they know that people’s actions do not matter because in the end the world
...’s bleak words to Jack represent the human condition he face. In the postmodern American Dream, consumerism serves as “white noise” to forget our death.
This essay will outline the claim that consumption creates new social divisions. The definition of consumption refers to the acquisition, use and disposal of goods and services (Hetherington, 2009, p13). This is where the term ‘social division’ refers to a number of social differences (module glossary, 2013). This essay will establish the connection between consumption and creation of new social divisions within the UKand will look at social scientists Thorstein Veblen (1899) concept of ‘conspicuous consumption’, Zygmunt Bauman’s (1988) concept of ‘the seduced and the repressed’ and supermarket’s effect on consumer society, by applying Dennis Wrong (1997) ‘zero-sum game’ and ‘positive-sum game’.
Dystopian novels are written to reflect the fears a population has about its government and they are successful because they capture that fright and display what can happen if it is ignored. George Orwell wrote 1984 with this fear of government in mind and used it to portray his opinion of the current government discretely. Along with fear, dystopian novels have many other elements that make them characteristic of their genre. The dystopian society in Orwell’s novel became an achievement because he utilized a large devastated city, a shattered family system, life in fear, a theme of oppression, and a lone hero.
In Don DeLillo’s eighth novel: White Noise, warmly accepted by critiques, the author exposes, that the money gained colossal meaning during our time, plunging down other values like freedom of customer choice and respect for shoppers. In his work of fiction he illustrates how current world of commerce impacts our minds by manipulating our decisions, and also he indicates that a human nature demonstrates immense vulnerability for such attack. Moreover the ubiquitous commercials lead us to desire of having things we never tried before, to see things not worth seeing, to buy stuff we really do not need. The novelist tries to open our eyes to identify and understand how works this commercial destructive mechanism.
All over the world the United States is recognized as a land full of opportunity but it is also recognized as one of the most materialistic countries in the world. Americans through the years have always determined their self-worth by how much stuff they have, how much money they have. Americans also tend to be the most materialistic because of where they live. They live in a country full of riches and where the standard of living is so high those are partially why Americans are materialistic the other part is that it is just human nature. We not only live in a country of riches but we are sad having about everything we need. Unlike other countries a lot of Americans are not in a bad economic state and this from the perspective of another person in a low economy country may be seen as being materialistic. Based on various accounts we can say that Americans are materialistic but they are materialistic to an extent, the U.S is a country where now we define our self-worth by how much we own.