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Erikson's stages of psychosocial development
Erik Erikson Stages of Psychosocial Development essay
Personal essay on erik erikson developmental stages
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In the film, The Royal Tenenbaum, Margot Tenenbaum is the emotionally withdrawn adopted daughter of Royal and Etheline Tenenbaum. Margot Tenenbaum’s demeanor is easily explained using Erik Eriksnon’s psychosocial stages of development. Erickson’s eight stages of development were heavily influenced by Frued’s ideas, however there are major differences. Whereas Frued believed personality was fully developed by the age 6, Erickson believed that personality continued to develop over a person’s entire lifespan. Erickson’s eight stages of development are as follows: trust and mistrust in infancy, autonomy versus shame and doubt in toddler years, industry versus inferiority during early childhood, identity versus role confusion during adolescence, intimacy versus isolation during young adulthood generativist versus stagnation in adulthood, and finally ego integrity versus despair during old age. The crisis that one faces in each of the eight stages may be resolved either in an adaptive or maladaptive manner and influences one’s personality later in life. Margot she seems to have maladaptively resolved many of Erickson’s psychosocial stages leading to the development of stoic and emotionally distant person we see in throughout the film.
Considering that Margot was given up by her biological parents and then adopted by the Tenenbaum’s when Margot was only two years old, one can easily infer that Margot’s resolution to Erickson’s first psychosocial stage of development did not have a positive resolution. That first crisis stage occurs in infancy and involves trust versus mistrust. At this stage according to Erickson, a child is dependent and at the mercy on those around them. Since Margot had been given up by the people that were suppose...
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...on’s last crisis stage which happens in the later years and involves ego integrity versus despair. The film does offer enough of a glimpse into Margot Tenenbaum’s life to show the way that Erickson’s crisis stages helped shape Margot’s personality. From her infancy when she was first given up by her biological family through the stagnation in her middle adulthood the audience is able to see the effect which negative resolutions have had in shaping Margot’s life. She becomes an untrusting, guarded, adult with deep feelings of inferiority who can’t seem to form deep and meaningful relationships and genuinely questions her talents and skills. If one takes Erickson’s theory into account in explaining Margot’s life it’s easy to understand why she would develop these thoughts and become the woman the audience sees depicted in the film.
Works Cited
The Royal Tenenbaums
Margot goes to school with classmates that resent her. They hate her for having seen the sun, something they wanted so badly. This jealousy led to an overwhelming hatred that they were reminded of any time they saw her. Her classmates let their hatred take over and they locked her in a closet as revenge for the pain she had caused them all. But unlike Wendy and Peter from The Veldt, Margot was affected negatively from her classmateś actions.
In John Connolly’s novel, The Book of Lost Things, he writes, “for in every adult there dwells the child that was, and in every child there lies the adult that will be”. Does one’s childhood truly have an effect on the person one someday becomes? In Jeannette Walls’ memoir The Glass Castle and Khaled Hosseini’s novel The Kite Runner, this question is tackled through the recounting of Jeannette and Amir’s childhoods from the perspectives of their older, more developed selves. In the novels, an emphasis is placed on the dynamics of the relationships Jeannette and Amir have with their fathers while growing up, and the effects that these relations have on the people they each become. The environment to which they are both exposed as children is also described, and proves to have an influence on the characteristics of Jeannette and Amir’s adult personalities. Finally, through the journeys of other people in Jeannette and Amir’s lives, it is demonstrated that the sustainment of traumatic experiences as a child also has a large influence on the development of one’s character while become an adult. Therefore, through the analysis of the effects of these factors on various characters’ development, it is proven that the experiences and realities that one endures as a child ultimately shape one’s identity in the future.
Towards the middle of the memoir, the theme is shown through the irony of Jeannette’s mother’s situation as well as Jeannette’s feelings towards
Her family life is depicted with contradictions of order and chaos, love and animosity, conventionality and avant-garde. Although the underlying story of her father’s dark secret was troubling, it lends itself to a better understanding of the family dynamics and what was normal for her family. The author doesn’t seem to suggest that her father’s behavior was acceptable or even tolerable. However, the ending of this excerpt leaves the reader with an undeniable sense that the author felt a connection to her father even if it wasn’t one that was desirable. This is best understood with her reaction to his suicide when she states, “But his absence resonated retroactively, echoing back through all the time I knew him. Maybe it was the converse of the way amputees feel pain in a missing limb.” (pg. 399)
...en-year-old girl”. She has now changed mentally into “someone much older”. The loss of her beloved brother means “nothing [will] ever be the same again, for her, for her family, for her brother”. She is losing her “happy” character, and now has a “viole[nt]” personality, that “[is] new to her”. A child losing its family causes a loss of innocence.
Susie’s mother opened the door to let Molly, Susie’s babysitter, inside. Ten-month old Susie seemed happy to see Molly. Susie then observed her mother put her jacket on and Susie’s face turned from smiling to sad as she realized that her mother was going out. Molly had sat for Susie many times in the past month, and Susie had never reacted like this before. When Susie’s mother returned home, the sitter told her that Susie had cried until she knew that her mother had left and then they had a nice time playing with toys until she heard her mother’s key in the door. Then Susie began crying once again.
Erickson’s Theory has 8 stages (Schriver, 2011). The following text will give the developmental crisis of each stage and relate it to Shannon’s life personally. In Erikson’s Theory developmental crisis “did not mean an impending catastrophe as much as it meant “a turning point, a crucial period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential”” (Schriver, 2011). The first stage of Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development is Trust vs. mistrust (0-1 year) and its crisis is “in establishing trust” (Schriver, 2011). Shannon had developed trust early on in her life due to the loving, caring, and nurturing home she grew up in. She had a sense of physical comfort which eliminated fear and allowed trust. The second stage is Autonomy vs. shame (1-3 years) and the crisis is “parental restrictions vs. autonomy” (Schriver, 2011). Growing up Shannon started learning to walk at 11 months which is a normal age for children to emerge into that. Due to her parents being supportive, it allowed Shannon to start exploring her curiosities and still be loved while doing so. The third stage is Initiative vs. guilt (3-6 years) and the crisis is “in taking initiative without experiencing guilt” (Schriver, 2011). This again correlates to the supportiveness of Shannon’s parents which allows her to be her own person and encourages her to experience her life in her own way. The fourth stage is Industry vs. inferiority (6-12 years) and the crisis is “in striving for competence” (Schriver, 2011). Shannon had a great group of friends growing up and that gave her the inclusion she needed to feel equal to her peers and not inferior to anyone. The fifth stage is Identity vs. role confusion and the crisis is “uncertainty about the future and the child’s role in it” (Schriver, 2011). At this time in Shannon’s life she had already strengthened her hope (trust), will, purpose, and
...aid the values at this stage are set and solid and nothing can change the thought process or the sensitivity with which she now views the world. According Erik Erikson theory every individual may have different experiences in childhood that will mark their journey into adulthood and experiences of social development into adulthood. As such, the process of social development is different for each individual, and it is not necessary that you be able to identify with every stage in life.
Erick Erickson has made a huge contribution to the field of psychology with his developmental theory. Like Sigmund Freud, Erickson also saw that humans developed within stages of their life. With this he developed his eight psychosocial stages. Born on June 2, 1902 in Frankfort, Germany to a Jewish mother, Karla Abrahamsen and his biological father Valdemar Isidor Salomonsen. There isn’t much information on Erickson’s father because before he was even born his father abandoned his mother. Instead in 1905 his mother married Dr. Theodor Homberger who was also at the time Erickson’s pediatrician. Throughout Erickson’s youth he struggled with his identity because there wasn’t a father figure around his youth, Erickson never really knew
Looking back on the death of Larissa’s son, Zebedee Breeze, Lorraine examines Larissa’s response to the passing of her child. Lorraine says, “I never saw her cry that day or any other. She never mentioned her sons.” (Senior 311). This statement from Lorraine shows how even though Larissa was devastated by the news of her son’s passing, she had to keep going. Women in Larissa’s position did not have the luxury of stopping everything to grieve. While someone in Lorraine’s position could take time to grieve and recover from the loss of a loved one, Larissa was expected to keep working despite the grief she felt. One of the saddest things about Zebedee’s passing, was that Larissa had to leave him and was not able to stay with her family because she had to take care of other families. Not only did Larissa have the strength to move on and keep working after her son’s passing, Larissa and other women like her also had no choice but to leave their families in order to find a way to support them. As a child, Lorraine did not understand the strength Larissa must have had to leave her family to take care of someone else’s
The Infant Child plays a huge role in Blanche’s early life. As a result of her mother’s death, Blanche has a fearful temperament, and
Erikson’s psychosocial theory in which social interactions cause growth and change. Cady’s social interactions with others cause change with her autonomy. Cady loses herself by changing her values and character in the beginning of the film and towards the end of the film she finds self-recognition. Adolescence is a critical time during development because internal and external sources have a strong influence.
In Erickson’s Stage development there are eight stage theory of identity and psychosocial development. The first stage is Infancy, which is from birth to eighteen months old. Here is where we learn basic trust vs mistrust, in my personality I would say that the nurturing of my grandmother taught me how to be optimistic and confident in the world around me. As well as developed a sense of trust, in which it gave me hope when a new crisis arises in my next challenge. The second stage is Toddler/Early childhood years, which is from eighteen months to three years old. Here is where we learned Autonomy vs shame, in my personality I would say I am very independent and I pride on how much I accomplish, I was very rebellious as a toddler and always
There are eight stages in Erikson’s theory that progress from each stage of development. Erikson believed that if a person did not pass one stage in his or her development that they could not move on successfully to the next stage, thus causing psychological issues. He also believed that nature is the determining factor for the order of the stages, however it is in the nurturing, that one develops and grows his or her own personality and through watching and learning from others (Muskingum College, 1997). I believe that had it not been for my grandmother’s nurturing influence I would not have progressed to each stage through my childhood and adolescence and in part I would have been held back from entering into the adulthood stages. Another developmental researcher by the name of Harland (2002) believed that demographic variables, family factors and life events were relative to the risk for children in the areas of behavioral and emotional problems (Harland, 2002). While I believe this to be true for many people, it is not always the case. I feel that the nurturing of a child, no matter the inborn traits or family dynamics of said child, can mold their personality and still allow them to thrive in an environment that is not fit for a child. They learn to adapt and do the best with what they have. Although this is not always true either, sometimes the traits of a child are so
Personality is an individual’s characteristic pattern of feeling, thinking and acting. Psychodynamic theories of personality view human behavior as a dynamic interaction between the conscious mind and unconscious mind, including associated motives and conflicts (Myers & Dewall, pg# 572, 2015). These theories focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences. Psychodynamic theories are descended from Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis, which is his ideology of personality and the associated treatment techniques. Psychoanalysis attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. This theory also includes the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions. He proposed that childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations influence personality. Freud’s historically significant psychoanalytic theory became part of the human cultural legacy.