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Basic concepts of attachment theory
Conceptual framework of attachment theory
Basic concepts of attachment theory
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Introduction Susie’s mother opened the door to let Molly, Susie’s babysitter, inside. Ten-month old Susie seemed happy to see Molly. Susie then observed her mother put her jacket on and Susie’s face turned from smiling to sad as she realized that her mother was going out. Molly had sat for Susie many times in the past month, and Susie had never reacted like this before. When Susie’s mother returned home, the sitter told her that Susie had cried until she knew that her mother had left and then they had a nice time playing with toys until she heard her mother’s key in the door. Then Susie began crying once again. At a certain age infants begin to resist the unfamiliar and are very vocal in expressing their feelings (Brazelton, 1992). Sometimes this causes parents to hesitate leaving their child with someone unfamiliar to this child even if the parents know them well. It’s hard to leave when their young child is crying for them. They want him/her to be well taken care of and happy when they are not together. From birth to about six months old, an infant doesnÂ’t seem to mind staying with an unfamiliar person (Brazelton, 1992), although the infant is able to distinguish his mother from other people (Slater, et al, 1998). As the infant gets a little older, at about eight to ten months, he/she begins to cry when his caregiver is not his mother or father; and again between eighteen and twenty-four months, when the infant finds out he/she has some control over what happens (Schuster, 1980). Separation anxiety could, and often does, make parents feel guilty for leaving their child and might make them wonder if they are causing their child undue stress. Separation anxiety has been studied for many years beginning with documenta... ... middle of paper ... ...ts. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Harrison, L. J. and Ungerer, J. A., (2002). Maternal Employment and Infant-Mother Attachment Security at 12 Months Postpartum. Developmental Psychology, Vol. 38, No. 5, 758-773. Karen, R., (1998). Becoming Attached: First Relationships and How They Shape Our Capacity to Love. New York: Oxford Press. Rutter, M., (1972). Maternal Deprivation, Middlesex, England: Penguin Books, LTD. Schuster, C. S., and Ashburn, S. S., (1980). The Process of Human Development: A Holistic Approach. Boston: Little, Brown and Company Inc. Slater, A., and Muir, D., (1998). The Blackwell Reader in Developmental Psychology. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers, Ltd. Weger Jr., H. and Polcar, L. E., (2002). Attachment Style and Person-Centered Comforting. Western Journal of Communication, 66(1) (Winter 2002), 84-103.
...plete report. Before this was done the mine blew up. In the end, the news story that broke was focused on union campaign contributions and not on mine safety.
Martin, John. “The Blast in Centralia No. 5: A mine disaster No One Stopped.” Public Administration: Concepts and Cases. Stillman, Richard Joseph. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2010. 31-44.
An infant’s initial contact with the world and their exploration of life is directly through the parent/ primary caregiver. As the child grows, learns, and develops, a certain attachment relationship forms between them and the principle adult present in this process. Moreover, this attachment holds huge implications concerning the child’s future relationships and social successes. Children trust that their parental figure will be there; as a result, children whom form proper attachments internalize an image of their world as stable, safe, and secure. These children will grow independent while at the same time maintaining a connection with their caregivers. (Day, 2006). However, when a child f...
The first topic that came up in the interview relates to idea of attachment theory. Attachment theory explains the human’s way of relating to a caregiver and receives an attachment figures relating to the parent, and children. In addition, the concept explains the confidence and ability for a child to free explore their environment with a place to seek support, protection, and comfort in times of distress (Levy, Ellison, Scott, and Bernecker, 2010, p. 193). Within attachment theory explains different types of attachment styles that children experience during early childhood. These attachment styles affect the relationships they continue to build in adulthood. The best attachment style happens when the parent is attuned to the child during his or her early childhood called secure attachment (Reyes, 2010, p. 174). In order for complete secure attachment, the child needs to feel safe, seen, and soothed. Any relationship that deviates from this model represents the anxious or insecure attachment. This means that parents or caregivers are inconsistently responsive to the children. Children who have these parents are usually confused and insecure. Some children experience a dismissive attachment where they
In many ways, attitudes about babies and separation are cultural. In some other cultures, babies in Cameron age are rarely separate from their mothers. In addition, I believe that the mother may suffering separation anxiety. Parents worry when they leave their babies in daycare especially for first time. “They worry if the caregiver will really know how to care for their children. They feel loss because this may be the first time their children are away this long time. They may also feel loss because they work full time and cannot be to help their children adjust in person. They may feel guilty if they have to leave a crying child and go off to
The home visit lasted approximately two hours and was conducted by two female observers. One observer assessed the infant using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development while the other observer observed the mother as she completed the Attachment Q set. The mother was also interviewed so the observer could collect the family’s demographic information as well as the infant’s developmental history and health history. The infant played while the observers were collecting the information from the mother. The mother was also observed while her attention was divided between the observer and her child. The classifications for the mothers were either secure, avoidant, or ambivalent. If a mother was classified as secure, her response was prompt and effective when her infant signaled for reassurance. These infants show they are comforted by their mothers. The mothers who are in avoidant relationships tend to be unresponsive to signals from their infant. The infant will tend to be more social with the visitor instead of his/her mother. The mother tends to be more focused on the visitor; therefore, their infant is more engaged with the visitor or exploring further away from their mother. A mother in an ambivalent relationship may be unpredictable. The mother can be either responsive or non-responsive to their infants’ signals. Ambivalent mothers may appear overprotective and their infant may seem irritable because they are seeking contact with their mother. The infant is unable to explore to far from their mother. The mothers and their infants were observed within two weeks of the home visit under the Ainsworth Strange Situation. The results yielded that secure infants reunited with their mothers and then returned to play; avoidant infants ignored their mothers at first; and ambivalent infants were upset when they were reunited with their mothers. Six
Physical crises include industrial accident, product failures, supply breakdown and many more. The miners were work...
A nurse’s role in our society today is exceptionally significant. Nurses are somewhat idolized and looked to as our everyday “superman”. “The mission of nursing in society is to help individuals, families, and groups to determine and achieve physical, mental, and social potential, and to do so within the challenging context of the environment in which they live and work” (“The Role of a Nurse/Midwife”). Many Americans turn to nurses for delivery of primary health care services and health care education (Whelan). In our country, there is constantly someone in need of health care. There will always be a baby being born or a person dying, someone becoming ill or growing old. Some people due to their physical and/or mental state of health are completely dependent on a nurse and wouldn’t be able to get through the simple obstacles of every day, or achieve the necessary requirements of a simple day without their aid. Not only do nurses help, and assist you when you’re sick, but also act to promote good health to others. They end...
Secure attachment styles are seen as organized rules that gives individuals the ability to response in certain ways, when it comes to situations of distress. It has been observed that, adults with secure attachments tend to manage distress in a more effective way and also they tend not to be depressed, whilst persons reporting insecure attachment styles use less effective coping strategies, leading to distress and depression. Insecure patterns of attachment are associated in adult (Besser,
Norton, J. (2003). The Limitations of Attachment Theory for Adult Psychotherapy. Psychotherapy in Australia, 10(1), 58-63.
The loss of a life is the ultimate tragedy, and over the thousands of years of mining history, the industry has had its share of casualties. Mining deals with the extraction of raw materials like coal, diamond, iron-ore etc. Mining industries can be both open cast mining and underground mining. Although we have improved in the technology and study of the earth, mining industry is a very dangerous job. One of the most dangerous work of mining has been mentioned to be coal mining in which they extract coal from underground. Coal mining hazardous mixture of gas and coal dust can form a fatal explosion. As a matter of fact, I reviewed an article that mention the worst coal mining known as the Benxi Hu colliery disaster in China in 1942. “Cost 1,549 lives and is believed to be the worst coal mining disaster ever.” (Limited, 2014)
...n reunited. There was no evidence to prove attachment insecurities by overnight stays with a parent. This information was useful in that it provided different procedures in trying to find a pattern for attachment issues of infant/toddlers of divorced parents or parents who are unmarried, or a parent who abandon the child. Although, for infants repeated overnight stays can be related to attachment issues, but for toddlers the connection was less pleasant to them. I actually chose this reading to see if it could help explain to me why I use to have so many security issues, even though I was sociable. I feel that I was sociable, so it would make up for the lack of things going on at home. I had a lot of issues in my life and my father was never around. Growing up I had anger, resentment towards my mother, and I acted out. This was an interesting article for me.
In the todays century, the responsibilities, roles, and opportunities for nursing and nurse education has grown abundantly to that of modern day nurses. Many nurses in the eighteen century were not educated nurses and never attended nursing school; however, they still provided care for the sick, poor, and needy and played a vital role in health maintenance. With the hard work from many notable nurses in history such as Florence Nightingale, Clara Barton, and Isabel Robb and the persistence and dedication for change from influential nurses such as Mary Mahoney and Mabel Staupers; nursing today has transformed in many aspects of practice. Although nursing as a profession is continuously evolving throughout the years, the core foundation of nursing hasn’t changed in that nursing is a profession of caring for others and servicing those in need.
...lopment or leading to behavior that is not ordinary for that person. Some adults may even become helpless and totally depend on other people including their own children. Single parents also have to be responsible for inculcating in young minds, good moral values and principles. References Dia, David A. "Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with a Six-Year-Old Boy with Separation Anxiety Disorder: A Case Study." Health and Social Work 26.2 (2001): 125. Hock, Ellen, and Wilma J. Lutz. "Psychological Meaning of Separation Anxiety in Mothers and Fathers." Journal of Family Psychology 12.1 (1998): 41-55. Stevens, Gwendolyn, and Sheldon Gardner. Separation Anxiety and the Dread of Abandonment in Adult Males. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1994. A. Hussain Tuma, and Jack Maser, eds. Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1985.
Noticeably, social abilities get questionable in establishing individuals when they confine themselves. Individuals become socially disengaged with contrasting perspectives of considerations, feelings, and thought processes. Uniquely, infant separation is a type of fear causing emotional reactions and surprise when isolated from typical conditions. The parent and child connection is essential for the child's survival, emotions, and the relationship yields a protected security.