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Strengths and weaknesses of qualitative research methods
Qualitative and quantitative research methods
Qualitative and quantitative research methods
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used to identify the themes and yes, understand it in the account of the context. The analysis of critical incidents was done using the content analysis technique, also adopted in the studies mentioned above. This type of analysis is suitable for qualitative study of the material, which cannot be applied arithmetic techniques (Barnes, 2014). The maid content analysis technique was thematic analysis. A theme is understood as "a statement about a certain subject she holds a bundle of relations and can be graphically presented by a word, a phrase, a summary. Thematic analysis consists in discovering the 'units of meaning' that compose communication and whose presence or frequency of appearance may mean something for the chosen analytical objective. …show more content…
The steps followed in using the technique are: (1) encoding the interviews; (2) reads the material of each interview, in order to clean and prepare it for the subsequent stages; (3) definition of the meaning units; (4) categorization. In addition, the text is illustrated with passages taken directly from statements or interviews this often make more consistent descriptions and contributes to the construction of the validity of the resulting product. A. The first step was then coding the interviews using the letters "F" and "M" to denote sex, and a number to indicate the age of the customer.
The M63 code, for example, is a male subject with 63 years. After coding, multiple readings of interviews were conducted in order to select the units of meaning for the later categorization. The screening process involves the classification of units of meaning based on defined criteria and can occur in two inverse ways: a) there is a system of pre-defined categories and analytical elements are classified in the best way possible as they are found; b) the categories of system results of analog and progressive analysis of the elements, that is, there is no predefined system and the category name is established only at the end of the …show more content…
classification. Whereas this study sought to identify satisfaction attributes related to service meetings in hospitals, it was understood that the classification should take place from the processes and service meetings already categorized into the previous data. Thus, a priori, there were three categories in which were classified attributes of satisfaction: Admission P1, P2 and P3 Internment Alta. The following attributes will be presented and illustrated by one or two testimonials, selected from the various incidents described by customers (Fenton, 2012). Meetings Service Interviews of professionals were subjected to content analysis, which is a set of communications analysis techniques. Through a process of encoding, the raw data were transformed and grouped in units representing the text content. The processing of data gives rise to the categories that emerge from this process. These represent the most important concepts and have a qualifying connotation. Through the report of the professionals was possible to know the path traveled by the surgical client, since his arrival to the exit of the service system. It was evident that there are variations in admission routines being, for example, a hospital reception held in the operating room; the other in the hospital sector; on the other, also at the reception of own floor. Sometimes, even in a hospital, there is more than one form of hospitalization. However, what is common in hospitals is that there is a moment that characterizes the admissions process, suffering variations according to the institution and the client's health situation. Given this diversity of situations is sought through the analysis identify the various customer service processes, so as to then identify the service of meetings related to each of them. Each process is actually a category that emerged from content analysis. It is worth mentioning that there was a concern to ensure the validity of the study, considering that the validity is not an inherent property of a particular method, but is related to the data, records and conclusions reached by using the method in a particular context for a particular purpose. Pondering the study's objectives and the kind of understanding needed to reach, it was understood that procedures for descriptive validity should be addressed (Bernabeo, 2013). The descriptive validity is concerned with the factual accuracy of the data recorded, or if they are being faithful to what was said by the participants or observed by the researcher. In short, we want to ensure is that the information was not distorted. This procedure is extremely important since the qualitative research is built from the description made. In order to make sure that the participant's point of view was captured accurately, the material was tested with the informants themselves.
In practice this means that the researchers returned to make contact with respondents, submitting the description of the data and the analysis carried out its assessment. Thus, it consolidated the analysis of data to professionals. So considering all customer trajectory within the hospital, we identified three categories of hospital care processes referred to as: admission, admission and discharge. Each of these processes is composed of different hospital service. Method The choice of method was performed considering the problem to be investigated and the objectives to which the study aims. The weighting on these aspects led to the development of an exploratory investigation. Exploratory research aims to approach the researcher of its subject matter, allowing the identification of relevant concepts and variables, set priorities in research or suggest research hypotheses. Thus, the exploratory research is seen in a qualitative approach providing "better view and understanding of the problem context"
Sample The sample consisted of two groups of individuals: professionals and clients. The first was composed of professionals from four (4) hospitals in Florida, two (2) teaching hospitals and two (2) non-university. The second, for patients undergoing surgery, who remained hospitalized for a period less than three days and in private accommodation. They came from the same hospitals mentioned in the professional group. Data Collection The collection involving the search for primary data, more specifically, the lifting of the subject experiences through depth interviews. The information was recorded by means of recording and later transcribed. The collection took place from June to October / 2014. Interviews with professionals occurred in the hospital and during the work shift, as prior authorization of managers. Those made with customers were scheduled after hospital discharge, when he was in his home. These interviews were conducted after the client has left the hospital prevents embarrassment to the participants, and especially the fact that the hospitalization event would only be completed after discharge (Hall, 2015). Sample collection criteria Interviews with professionals aimed to identify the hospital service. Them had been told the story of the path traveled by the surgical patient - since his arrival at the hospital to discharge, that is, the various sectors where it was served and front-line professionals who interacted. Interviews with patients were used to generate the attributes of satisfaction from the customer's view. This is a fundamental step importance in the customer satisfaction survey, because the elements they valued in their relationship with the company is to ensure the validity of this type of study. These interviews were used the technique of critical incident. A critical incident describes a specific example of performance of a service. To be critical "an incident should occur in a situation where the purpose or intent of the act seems satisfactorily clear to the observer and its consequences are sufficiently defined so as to leave little doubt about its effects". This technique has been used in other research on the subject. In technical application, it asked the informant to report recent events in which they were (in) satisfied. The main advantage lies in the fact that the participant can describe, in their own words, the incidents and the way he saw them. For this research, then, he was asked the participant recounting one or more events related to care at the hospital, who has produced her state of satisfaction. In this report we sought a complete description of the situation: what happened, when it happened, who was involved, etc., i.e. data that would enable a correct understanding of the event.
In response to the question set, I will go into detail of the study, consisting of the background, main hypotheses, as well the aims, procedure and results gathered from the study; explaining the four research methods chosen to investigate, furthering into the three methods actually tested.
The aim of this paper is to explore and critically analysing two research articles. The critical analysis will explain the importance of the study, evaluate design and research method used in those articles. To identify any gaps it will provide the literature review in those researches and possibility for the new study. The project plan, for the possible research will be developed on a potential gaps and the essay will finish with the conclusion.
What is content analysis? According to Ungvarsky (2016), content analysis is taking media and evaluating what it says and how it says it. In this case, the media is the Tampa Bay
Patients make up a huge part in achieving service excellence for the healthcare industry. My healthcare facility helps the patients redeem themselves and correct with sensitivity. The patients are my customers, and my healthcare facility must remember our mission and vision of giving spectacular healthcare to our customers who are our priority. By giving quality customer service, my healthcare facility earns the gratitude and patronage of its patients. The patients pass their experiences to their families and that keeps my healthcare facilities’ reputation successful
First, I will introduce the method I am using in this assignment that is content analysis. Content analysis is “ the systematic analysis of the content of a text in a quantitative or qualitative manner” (Bhattacherjee, 2012, page115). In our lecture of MS7400 we know that content analysis is one research method that always used in the social science, it is one way of measuring things, in addition it asks questions to texts instead of asking people, also it is one way to find truths in the world (Mendes, 2015). Content analysis is one tool and technique that to analysis texts objectively and systematically. It is very close to the mass media like newspapers, television, etc. Because it is one way to get objective data from these also it is one method that shows the sheer scale of these media (Rose, 2012). Then I will talk about that content analysis can be used both quantitative and qualitative analyses. In this assignment it will use both of it. Qualitative analysis is to analysis the qualitative data like some data collect from the interview, some literatures an...
This essay will discuss about how and why particular research methods are used to investigate the cognitive level of analysis. The cognitive level of analysis studies cognition, which refers to mental processes such as: perception, attention, language, memory, decision-making and problem solving. The mind, in terms of structures and processes which are involved in the reception, storage and use of knowledge, is studied in this level of analysis. In Psychology, research methods are used for collecting and analyzing data, in other words are ways they conduct their studies. There are a number of different research methods, the 3 main research methods that will be focused on in this essay are: lab experiments, brain imaging technologies and case studies.
The research was designed using qualitative model based on exploratory design. This was done to facilitate multi-faceted study with a broader prospective. Basic percentage analysis was done to supplement qualitative analysis. The study was conducted with the help of a Questionnaire. To deepen the understanding data was collected from a variety of books, Internet web pages, and articles of different kinds conducted was descriptive in nature. Descriptive research includes survey and facilitating enquiries of different
This results in accuracy and clarity in the grading process. A group of at least two appropriately trained and skilled analysts, is allocated to interact with the management of health care institution. The subjects discussed in the management meeting are all inclusive of topics like the, regulatory compliance, financial performance, medical specialties, , mission and policy, patient rights, nursing care and support services. From the preliminary management meeting to the final assignment of the grade it takes about three to four weeks for a multi-specialty hospital and around one to two weeks for a nursing
A two-phase sequential explanatory strategy was used for the study. The two- phases are ordered in the sequence that was proposed as priority was placed on quantitative data collection and analysis. In the second phase, qualitative data was collected and used to refine the results of the quantitative data presented in the first phase.
Qualitative and Quantitative study designs both can be beneficial in research design. They both provide valuable options for researchers in the field. These techniques can either be used separately in a research study or they can be combined to achieve maximum information. This paper will define the terms qualitative and quantitative; describe the similarities and differences between each; discuss how qualitative and/or quantitative research designs or techniques could be used in the evaluation of my proposed research; and discuss why linking analysis to study design is important.
The most significant feature of an investigative study is the precision and simplicity of the investigative problem. For a brief assertion, it definitely has a great deal of influence on the study. The statement of the problem is the central position of the study. The problem statement should affirm what will be studied, whether the study will be completed by means of experimental or non-experimental analysis, and what the reason and function of the results will bring. As an element of the opening, profound problem declarations satisfies the query of why the study should to be performed. The reason of this essay is to discuss the features of an investigative problem; in addition, the essay will center on what constitutes a researchable problem; the components of a well formed Statement of Research Problem; and, what constitutes a reasonable theoretical framework for the need of a study.
Qualitative and quantitative researcher’s exhibited conflicting ways of approaching a research. Some researchers prefer qualitative over quantitative and vice-versa. Also, it is common for qualitative and quantitative to be used together in a research. But, both methods when carried out correctly provide good research. Plus, both methods have their own unique differences and characteristics. In this paper I will define three of these characteristics in a quantitative and qualitative research design and discuss and compare their differences. (Smith & Davis, 2010)
Bernard Berelson defined Content Analysis as "a research technique for the objective, systematic, and quantitative description of manifest content of communications" (Palmquist, 1980). Content Analysis is a tool that focuses on the actual content, concepts, themes, phrases, characters, or sentences within texts or sets of texts of the research (Palmquist, 1980). This includes all interviews, documents, and any other type of research performed such as observations and/or videotaped studies (Stemler, 2001). All data that has been collected, reviewed, observed, etc. needs to be dissected to help you come up with a provable conclusion. Content Analysis can indicate crucial features within the research. It can give you comprehensiveness on one’s intentions, biases, prejudices, and oversights of those who are collecting the data as well as those interviewed or those who were observed (Palmquist, 1980).
Striating from the research idea to the culmination of the findings, the research process entails many segments, all of which are imperative. By choosing the research methodology, the researchers can formulate the path to be used in conducting the study and reporting the findings. The methodology helps in the search of literature, development of research questions and the creation of the most suitable study design. It also assists in the interpretation of the results and the publication of the findings in journals.
After establishing the research problem and what results are wanted, it will define how it will find the answers. Research is a form of collection and interpretation of information that will form the basis of finding answers to questions. The research uses theories and methods that h...