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Impact of globalisation on consumer behaviour
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Introduction : The notion of luxury has been present in various other forms. The role was unique in earlier times as it is now. Earlier possessions of raja’s and maharajas were considered to be luxury. Division of social class structure led to this difference where luxury was limited to rich people that is whatever poor people cannot have and elite can this was termed as luxury. During the last 10 years, the luxury sector has undergone drastic change. Barriers that were present earlier has been lowered down due to globalization and social media. Globalization has spread like fire for the growth of fashion industry and market strategies have attracted the consumers significant shifts in cultural values and beliefs, consumer preferences and …show more content…
Luxury goods are not the necessities but are very much desirable to people which is supported by a share of money income. They are not easily available and affordable for everyone but due to the coming up of competition in market this has been changed. Nowadays, every individual wants to raise their self high and wants to be different from everyone. Since, the times have changed luxury goods have become more affordable for middle class consumers. Whenever we open our social media accounts such as Instagram, snapchats or news on internet or be it the reality shows, it is full of rich people showing off their dresses, bags, accessories etc. Such news put an impact on our inner thinking about our need to look and feel good through rich possessions. Several manufactured goods have become luxury goods as they are designer, durable and better quality. These goods are considered as luxury goods by the consumers because they play a role of status and class for those who showcase or owns them. These items are not necessarily better than less expensive substitutes are purchased with the main purpose of showcasing their wealth. These kinds of goods are object of socio-economic phenomenon which includes watches, jewelleries, designer clothes and accessories, large …show more content…
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 13.640a 12 .325 Likelihood Ratio 13.984 12 .303 Linear-by-Linear Association .003 1 .965 N of Valid Cases 50 Table 3: Chi-Square Tests-2 (age vs brand preference for suits) Since the significance value is greater than 0.05, we accept Ho and conclude that there is no relation between age and brand preference for suits Value df Asymp. Sig (2 sided) Pearson Chi-Square 2.788 8 .948 Likelihood ratio 3.726 8 .882 Linear-by-linear association .417 1 .520 N of valid cases 50 Table 4: Chi-Square Tests-3 (education vs brand preference for suits) Since the significance value is greater than 0.05, we accept Ho and conclude that there is no relation between education and brand preference for suits. Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 15.183 16 .512 Likelihood Ratio 17.736 16
People are often deceived by some famous brands, which they will buy as useless commodities to feel they are distinctive. People require brands to experience the feeling of being special. People spend their money to have something from famous brands, like a bag from Coach or Louis Vuitton which they think they need, yet all that is just people’s wants. Steve McKevitt claims that people give more thought on features or brands when they need to buy a product, “It might even be the case that you do need a phone to carry out your work and a car to get around in, but what brand it is and, to a large extent, what features it has are really just want” (McKevitt, 145), which that means people care about brands more than their needs. Having shoes from Louis Vuitton or shoes that cost $30 it is designed for the same use.
The Trickle-down theory, a well-known theory in fashion industry, has significant meaning in 19th to 20th century Europe. The American economist and sociologist, Veblen, published The theory of the Leisure Class by 1899, in which he discussed the split between the leisure class and the industrial class in the US critically. He concluded that leisure class treats dress as a sign of their status and possessions, furthermore, ‘Dress must not only be conspicuously expensive and inconvenient; it must at the same time be up to date’(Veblen 1994), by saying that, he refers to upper class was tend to create new fashion trend which was the top of the trickle-down theory. In the 20th century, Simmel, the German sociologist and philosopher, developed this theory further from a more sympathetic perspective. He drew much attention to sameness and difference amongst both classes in his book Fashion (Simmel 1973). The upper class gets self-satisfied and the proof of its priority by distinguishing itself from others, and working class follows the fashion trend which led by upper class in order to feel like he or she is ‘belonging to’ higher class. These opinions which were discussed by Veblen and Simmel were coined by a journalist in the mid-20th century, as ‘Trickle- down Theory’. During mid-18th to early 20th century, the trickle-down theory described the process of how fashion flows, and explains that fashion is a cultural and sociological phenomenon which includes the discourse of identity and uniformity, agency and structuralism. This phenomenon was not limited by geography, at the same period, in the other side of the world, similar situation happened in China which is a typical East Asian country....
Veblen’s work was, and continues to be, quite controversial; however, his dissections of human behavior as it relates to social structure and consumption were far from inaccurate. Interestingly enough, it seems that his theories have even become increasingly accurate over time, as proved by the way conspicuous consumption and “Veblan effects,” have both played a significant role in changing not only the luxury fashion industry as a whole, but also in changing the image and symbolic nature of the luxury good.
One of the biggest reasons why people buy expensive products, clothes or shoes it’s because they want to impress the people around them and make everyone else resent their lifestyle. Even if they don’t have the money to live that lifestyle or afford their luxuries. For instance, in high school countless of the students buy expensive clothes so everyone can think they have money. It is also common when people start dating, they go to extremes to buy lavish and expensive gifts for the other person to show them they have a good
By 2002, Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton was the world’s largest luxury products company, enjoying annual sales of 12.2 billion euros. LVMH carries the most prestigious brand names in wine, champagne, fashion, jewelry, and perfume. Upon entrance of this luxury product industry, LVMH was aware that they produced products that nobody needed, but that were desired by millions across the world. This desire in some way fulfills a fantasy, making consumers feel as though they must buy it, or else they will not be in the moment, and thus will be left behind.
In the late nineteenth century, American sociologist Thorstein Veblen observed the practice of ‘conspicuous consumption’ (Veblen, cited in Hetherington, 2009, P31). The then ‘new money’ wanted to purchase items to make an impression to the higher class, displaying their wealth, affluence and status through showing off their possessions. Although this was over decade ago conspicuous consumption is even more prominent today. Especially in the world of celebrities, many people such as sports stars, actors and musicians present their success to the public through their wealth. Someone with a lower income could take part in, to emulate the life they desire. For example, purchasing the latest gadget, car or fashionable item, where people are able to seek acceptance of social belongings. Although Veblen’s concept of conspicuous consumption is not without merit, especially in contemporary society, people do not buy for status, they buy for the sign and meaning attached to ...
-Status symbols: Sophisticated customers who value the distinctive, exclusive collection seem to value the corporate-branded version of luxury. –Philip Martiz, chairman of the board
“Despite worldwide softness in the sale of luxury goods, LVMH has cemented its position as the world’s largest and most profitable player in the category. To stay there it must keep its customers loyal and its brand strong and find new markets worldwide” (Hazlett C. 2004). That is why in its mission they state to represent the most refined qualities of Western “ art de vivre” all around the world. Their objective is to be the leader in the luxury market, continuing to transmit elegance and creativity. This poses some major challenges, the main one is to keep being the leader in the luxury market through a sustainable growth. The main problem to achieve it is the high dependency on three main countries, France, Japan and USA. This becomes a threat because if there is an economic downturn in one country it affects LVMH directly that is why.
A luxury good is something that, as ones income increases; the demand for an item or service also increases at a higher than proportional level, in contrast to necessity goods, in which demand increases proportionally with a decrease in income (Varian, 1992). Generally, luxury goods are seen as those at the highest end of the market, in terms of price and quality. Haute Couture clothing, accessories and luggage are considered to be classic luxury goods, although many markets have a luxury sector, for example Automobile, Bottled Water, Coffee, Foods, Jewellery, Sound Systems (HiFi), Tea, Watches, Wine and Yacht.
The sneaker culture is conspicuous consumption because it is characterized by people who collect, trade, or value sneakers. For example, as the sneaker industry grows sneakerheads search more for rare and exclusive sneakers, like Yeezys. Another example of conspicuous consumption would be buying the expensive sneakers to show status and wealth than for wearing them. This causes a trend for the sneaker shoe business because of the “hype” value consumers perceive them to be. Nevertheless in my opinion, since the demand for Yeezys is an unreasonable desire for some, I have concluded that depending on if the supply increases the demand for the shoes and value would decrease causing them less high-end. If I was not between middle and low-class status I would have more access to them and would consider the purchase. But since these shoes are at the top of fashion cultural dominance because of the high power and influential who wear them, like Barrack Obama, Taykor Swift, and much more, the market for Yeezys is steadily increasing. Therefore increasing profit from humans on the daily by making them more
The high pressure luxury brand industry has evolved over the last few decades from a small and selective to a multibillion dollar arena offering significant potential and growth opportunity for the luxury brands that compete within its realm. With many luxury brands competing for over $225 billion (The Economist, 2009) in revenue each year it is easy to see how strategy plays an important role.
He states that its possession in some amount becomes necessary and a conventional basis of reputability. In the business world today people find luxuries goods as reward for being successful. The physical appeal of luxury goods in undeniable. For example, if a business person drives a Mercedes or BMW around, it implies to others the he/she is successful, wealthy or that they have made it to the top in a career that supports their luxuries lifestyle.
“Gucci’s flagship store the glass tower in Tokyo is a clear example that the appearance, technology related tools, light installations the displaying of the handbags are presented by handmade material and moreover it also exists the first Gucci Gallery in the store” (Gucci 2012c). In this regards, Gucci supports its brand with non verbal support in Japan effectively because everything was designed according to the consumer’s tastes. Furthermore, the flagship store establishment in Japan is the main window for contributing to the reatiling understanding of luxury brands (Chadha and Husband 2006:75). Gucci South Korea is following its traditional flagship store concept. Gucci’s main distinction in the luxury market is that it follows the latest modern trends and apply it in its unique flagship store concept. Evethough, Gucci is implementing its modern features in its brand but still it is preserving the key traditional characteristics of Gucci (Gucci 2012 k).In this picture,” South Korean actress Lee Young Ae was carrying the jaguar printed model of the latest leather handbag which is bamboo shopper leather tote” (Gucci Bamboo Tumblr 2013).This picture highlights the message of the celebrity people are also following the luxury brands latest collections. Celebrities, activist, artist are the main cooperators for prestigious in order to follow their “differentiation strategy” (Riot, Chamaret and Rigaud 2013:920).South Korea Gucci is also following the global trend of Gucci’s main communication strategy to form an effective communication with their customer. But especially with the South Korean popular actress “Young Ae Lee” is carrying a Bamboo Shopper handbag in “Incheon international airport” and the other celebrity who ...
He also uses an easy-going and persuading tone in this article, and he shows his views in a passionate manner by giving several illustrations. The author’s main point is that it is morally wrong for opulent people to spend money on unnecessary things such as restaurants and vacation. Human does not need excessive luxuries, frivolous electronics, expensive accessories and clothes. What we need are healthy food, shelter and other basic amenities. Most people are more concerned about the trending electronics and fashions, so as to meet up with the taste of the society.
For one, luxury can be defined through good health. For another, luxury can be defined through comfort. To many, luxury is defined through lavish possessions such as cars or jewelry. Regardless of how we perceive luxury, there is a journey behind how we achieve it. Cartier produced an exquisite commercial to celebrate the brand’s history. With the worldwide icon, the leopard, we went through the odyssey of Cartier’s history. The commercial started with a leopard statue of diamonds and jewels coming alive which symbolized the birth of the legacy of Cartier, the start of the odyssey. Then we start watching the leopard visit significant places of Cartier’s history: China, India, and France. All these places are important to the luxury industry. After the journey across different continents, we finally arrive in Paris where Cartier was founded, where