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Recommended: A paper on lupus
“But you don't look sick.”. “If you just exercised more you would feel better.” , “It's all in your head.” , “You are just being lazy.”. These phrases are just a hand full of unkind things that people have said to me, simply because they do not understand my disease. Who could blame them? Doctors do not understand it. Researchers do not understand it. My parents do not understand it. My boyfriend does not understand it. Even I cannot understand it. I have Lupus. It is an unresolved disease that millions of people suffer with. Though there are numerous people diagnosed with lupus, there are very few people who know what it is, and how it impacts us from the time we wake up, to when we finally escape our pain with sleep. In this essay, I will explain what we know about lupus, what the symptoms are, and what kind of treatments are accessible for lupus. Lupus is an autoimmune disease. Normal immune system purposes are designed to defend our bodies from harmful bacteria, infections, foreign bodies etc.. People with lupus are unfortunate when it comes to immunity, because their immune systems attacks normal body tissue, and causes a terrible amount of inflammation. Lupus impacts numerous parts of the body, including the joints, skin, kidneys, heart, blood vessels and even the brain. According to lupusresearch.org, women are more likely to have this disease than men. The website also informs us that African American women are two to three times at higher risk of being diagnosed with lupus than Caucasian women. Hispanic, Asian, and Native American women are also at a higher risk for lupus. What is even more alarming, is that major organ involvement, and grave varieties of lupus are found in African American and Hispanic women. Lupus is a... ... middle of paper ... ...lots of stomach pain and ulcers due to prednisone. It also carries the risk of causing diabetes and cataracts. Though prednisone helps me the most, I call them “the devil's tic tacs” due to the destructive consequences of overuse. Lupus has me utterly exhausted, overwhelmed, and hurts nearly every inch of my body. I do not remember what normal feels like, and it has completely changed me as a human being, as well as affecting every aspect of my life. to May is lupus awareness month. Instead of being sad, feeling sorry for myself, and hiding my disease from people, I will be spreading awareness. I think that if more people know about lupus, the better chance I have with people understanding my struggles instead of putting me down, and calling me lazy. To show support, and spread awareness, wear purple. I can only dream that someday we will defeat the wolf within me.
The incidence of SLE is 7.6 cases per 100,000 with a prevalence of approximately 68 cases per 100,000 (Bernknopf, Rowley, & Bailey, 2011). It affects women more than men with a 9:1 ratio, and typically affects women of childbearing age (Patel, Fenves, & Colbert, 2012). The mean age of symptom onset was 29 years in the Euro Lupus Project that studied 1000 patients with SLE (“Systemic Lupus Erythematosus”, 2012). Children and older adults are also diagnosed with SLE but at a much lower rate, 8%-15% and 3%-18%, respectively (Arnaud, Mathian, Boddaert, & Amoura, 2010). Patients with ethnic backgrounds have a higher incidence rate with African Americans developing SLE 3-4 times more than Caucasians, unlike drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE) which has an equal male to female prevalence yet a higher disease severity in Caucasians (Bernknopf, Rowley, & Bailey, 2011).
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory and an autoimmune disease that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s tissue (Rheumatoid arthritis, 2017). This disease affects the entire body, which is called a systemic (means entire body) disease. Arthritis is derived from the word part arthr-, which means “joint,” and -itis, which means “inflammation,” so altogether it means “inflammation of the joints.” It creates inflammation that causes the tissue that lines the inside of joints (synovium) to thicken. About 1.5 million people in the U.S. are affected. It affects all races, but it affects three times as many women than men (What is Rheumatoid Arthritis, n.d.). Overtime, rheumatoid arthritis causes painful swelling that can potentially result in bone erosion or joint deformity, which leads up to physical disabilities. RA can affect more than just your joints, but can spread to body systems, skin, eyes, lungs, heart, blood vessels, e.t.c (Rheumatoid arthritis, 2017).
In the United States 54 million people have a disability and only 15 percent were born with a disability (Jaeger & Bowman, 2005). If a person lives long enough, it is statistically likely that they will develop some kind of disability in their advancing years (Jaeger & Bowman, 2005). At some point in your life you could have experience a fractured bone, a minor cut, or had some type of surgery. Imagine after some minor injury that you may not even remember and then experiencing a constant pain so agonizing that no amount of pain medication can make you comfortable (Lang & Moskovitz, 2003). Some additional symptoms that you may also experience are severe burning pain, changes in bone and skin, excessive sweating, tissue swelling and extreme sensitivity to touch (Juris, 2005). These symptoms are associated with a disease that is called Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) but more recently termed as complex regional pain syndrome, type 1 (CRPS 1) (Juris, 2005). For simplification purposes this disease will be referred to as RSD throughout this paper.
Lupus is more common in women than men, and although it can affect people of all ages, it is most commonly developed between 15 and 40. Lupus is also more common in African Americans, Hispanics and Asians.
Central idea: Lupus is a disease of unpredictability and the mystery that it carries is the vast number of characteristics of the disease. My job today is to inform you on this “cruel mystery” and how it affects people.
The majority of clinical cases of laminitis occur at pasture where there is an accumulation of rapidly fermentable non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) such as fructans, simple sugars or starches (Geor, 2010). Pasture-associated laminitis has major economic and welfare implications in the equine sector. Increased risk factors include insulin resistance, increased insulin secretory response, hypertriglyceridaemia and obesity (Asplin, et al., 2007;Carter, et al., 2009 and de Laat, et al., 2010). Insulin resistance has been associated with a number of problems in the horse, most notably laminitis. Insulin resistance can be defined as a physiological condition in which cells have a diminished response to normal actions of the hormone insulin. Insulin is produced but the cells become resistant and are less capable in transporting glucose from the bloodstream to muscle and other tissues. In horses, insulin resistance is associated with a number of diseases such as Equine Metabolic Syndrome (Powell, et al., 2002; Hoffman, et al., 2003;Vick, et al., 2006 and Frank, et al., 2009), Equine Cushing Disease (McGowan, et al., 2004 and Walsh, et al., 2009) and Laminitis (Treiber, et al., 2006;Bailey, et al., 2007;McGowan, 2008 and Geor, 2008). Obesity and insulin resistance in ponies has become a common problem and there is a growing awareness on the role that diet and exercise has to play (Jeffcott, et al., 1986; Frank, et al., 2006 and Vick & Adams, 2007). Over-expressed adipocytokines, such as leptin, have been suggested to impair insulin signalling and cause the up regulation of inflammatory cytokines. This then further contributes to impaired insulin signalling and endothelial dysfunction (Radin, et al., 2009). The restriction of energy throu...
Imagine waking up every morning stiff, all your muscles in your body soar, extremely tired and on the verge of exhaustion. The simple task of taking a shower and getting dressed makes you need to lay down for just a few minutes and rest. Your legs ache from a short walk up the stairs last night on your way to bed, as if you ran a marathon in your sleep, and your skin literally hurts to the touch of your clothes as they rub against you. Your blood pressure is up and you can feel the pain emanating from every part of your body. You can’t, for the life of you, find your keys as they hang from the keychain in your hand, because the pain and agitation you are feeling all over has clouded your mind. You are finding it difficult to even concentrate. Never mind the rest of the day ahead of you, that has not even started yet. Now imagine this every day, all day. It almost seems impossible to fathom something of this nature on a daily basis, but that is exactly what most people with fibromyalgia describe as a daily feeling. Some are much worse than that. Fibromyalgia is real, it is pain, and it does exist. Although fibromyalgia awareness has progressed thru advertising there is much more that can, and needs to be done to bring this to the forefront of the medical field and other organizations as a real diagnosis. More research and Government funding is direly needed and demands significant action from our National health agencies and United States Government in the form of grants, research, trials and various drug interaction and testing.
Rheumatoid Arthritis is when the joints are chronically inflamed, which happens because it is an autoimmune disease which means that the immune system attacks the body tissues. Although Rheumatoid Arthritis mainly affects the joints, it can also affect other organs.
Pain. Fatigue. Rashes. Depression. These are a few of the manifestations associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disease that affects millions of people worldwide with eighty percent of them being women ages 15-45 (Tretheway, 2004). Systemic lupus erythematosus is a disease where the body literally attacks itself. For reasons that are not known, the body loses the ability to recognize cells or tissues as self and treats them as foreign, triggering a defensive immune response (Ignatavicius, 2010). SLE is a chronic and progressive disease that is complex, can lead to many complications and may be fatal. Proper treatment and addressing multiple manifestations as soon as they present can avoid further complications or damage to other body systems.
Vasculitis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders that is characterized by inflammatory destruction of blood vessels. Inflamed blood vessels are liable to occlude or rupture or develop a thrombus, and thereby lose the ability to deliver oxygen and other nutrients to tissues and organs. Depending on the size, distribution, and severity of the affected vessels, vasculitis can result in clinical syndromes that vary in severity from a minor self-limited rash to a life-threatening multisystem disorder 1.
The uncertain nature of chronic illness takes many forms, but all are long-term and cannot be cured. The nature of chronic illness raises hesitation. It can disturb anyone, irrespective of demographics or traditions. It fluctuates lives and generates various inquiries for the patient. Chronic illness few clear features involve: long-lasting; can be managed but not cured; impacts quality of life; and contribute to stress. Chronic illnesses can be enigmatic. They often take considerable time to identify, they are imperceptible and often carry a stigma because there is little sympathetic or social support. Many patients receive inconsistent diagnoses at first and treatments deviate on an individual level. Nevertheless, some circumstances require
One of the most common mysteries in the world is the development of autoimmune diseases. An autoimmune disease is when the immune system, which usually keeps your body healthy thinks that your healthy cells are antigens and attacks them. This is irony right? It is against properties of evolution for an immune system to attack itself causing sickness and possibly death if untreated. There are about 80 different types of autoimmune diseases, which usually have periods of little to no symptoms and worsening symptoms. What particularly creates confusion in the world is the autoimmune disease, inflammatory bowel disease, which affects almost about five million people worldwide.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is caused by bacteria that belongs to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Although Tb can affect other parts of the body, it mainly attacks the lungs (pulmonary) (Dye et al. 1999).What makes TB dangerous socially is that its pulmonary form is infectious and can be spread through contact of the infectious droplets. The most widespread mechanism of Tb spread is the cough. However, the infection spread requires prolonged contact with a patient and mostly the members of the same household are at risk. The issue of TB has lingered for years and continues to be a major public health problem within England, Tower Hamlets especially (Department of Health, 2010). The most reported cases of TB in the United Kingdom are in London and the more deprived boroughs around it. The rise in TB cases in the area of Tower Hamlets was seen mainly in the non-UK born residents, particularly those with origins from areas with high TB incidence like Sub-Sahara Africa, Indian Subcontinent and East Europe). Another group with high prevalence is the socially disadvantaged and included the homeless, drug users and prisoners (NHS, 2012).
Many people speculate what can be an perfect balanced diet, particularly when over the years the thought of an perfect diet has changed. Now when we speak about balanced diet we not only talk about the overall food constituents but also the lower level of food spacing, timing, etc. Following tips for balanced diet are recommended for adopting healthy life style. A balanced diet should consist of all the constituents of food which are healthy for our body. It should be consisting of all the food elements like proteins, carbohydrates and fats. The allocation could depend upon the constitution activity and age. For instance, body builders, pregnant women and growing children would require more protein. Food must be taken at regular intervals
“No disease more dramatically illustrates the body's capacity to turn on itself than systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This is the prototypical example of the immune system gone awry, manufacturing antibodies that can injure and sometimes even destroy vital organs such as the kidneys, brain, and heart” (Goldfinger & Cotton). Numerous doctors have depended vigorously on treatment with cortisone-like steroids because they are guided by the idea that SLE's "protean indications" result from tissue aggravation created by a misrepresented insusceptible reaction. These medications regularly bring fast and emotional change in patients with exceptionally troubling indications (Goldfinger and Cotton). This information shows us that these fast acting drugs do wonders against SLE's symptoms by practically eliminating them. When these people develop emotional problems, such as depression, it can also stop them from having these thoughts of distress and sadness. Comparatively speaking, the effects of these drugs are practically nothing in comparison to the horrible symptoms of SLE.