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Economic effects of the slave trade
Economic effects of the slave trade
Economic effects of the slave trade
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Liverpool has been referred to as the core city of Merseyside conurbation in the north west of England. In this essay I will consider the effect of local and global interactions that have produced this image of the city and how the city has come to be the place that we see today. I will explore the declines and booms of the city's economy and citizen’s welfare and feelings. Liverpool is unlike other UK cities, not only does it have a local and national image, it also has global recognition. It is a city that has had different functions from the slave trade to industry; it has developed its infrastructure and physical appearance in conjunction with these changes. These physical changes were accompanied with the changing feelings of citizens. I will look at what the future of Liverpool is and if global or local processes will change the function of the city once more.
Liverpool’s development was perhaps not by choice, as with many routes to economic boost, it was on the basis of suffering, exploitation and oppression. Liverpool became the centre of slave trade within the UK when Britain colonised the Americas and the West Indies. Merchant capitalism was established and Liverpool’s geographical position on the River Mersey was of benefit to the city and its people. The location meant it was the second city of the British Empire, highlighting the city’s importance at the time. Liverpool expanded in the late 18th and early 19th century as a result of the slave trade and this was evident in the infrastructure. The working class were settled along the river for easy access to the docks and the middle classes were further inland, uphill and consequently and possibly by choice, separated by class (Sykes, O., 2013). Further to this, the m...
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... city or rather many worlds in one city? Although it is estimated that 12,000 jobs were created, the lack of funding lead to the cutting of 200 jobs and putting property and land up for sale as well as halting councillors allowances and privatising social services. Funding was very sporadic with £75.1 million from the council, £30.8 million from the public, £12.5 million from commercial programming and £4 million from sales of merchandise. Following the successful bid, funding repercussions meant that in August 2009, the city was in £90 million of debt. Questions were asked about the efficiency of expenditure on initiatives such as Four Corners which aimed to incorporate locals in the bid and to improve community lifestyle (Boland, P., 2010).
Further to lack of funding, poor support and criticisms, not all people feel they have benefited from the successful bid.
Roberts, Robert. The Classic Slum: Salford Life in the First Quarter of the Century. Manchester: University of Manchester Press, 1971.
Peckham has been dubbed as London’s buzzing up and coming new hotspot, with “galleries, rooftop bars and foodie night markets that make East London look positively parochial” according to an article by Chris Martin in 2013, a stark contrast to Olsen (1997) labelling it “an inner city area which is among the poorest and most deprived in the country... Blighted by ills such as drugs, crime, unemployment, low educational achievement, a deteriorating infrastructure; life lived at the margins.” In this literature review I am going to review the main issues surrounding how the area has changed, discuss the new demographics coming into the area, issues such as gentrification in the area and also the increasing cultural segregation that is becoming evident in the area, both spatially and temporally.
The City of Dreadful Delight starts with some cultural analysis of the historical background that helped to produce the social landscape of Victorian London. In discussing the transformation of London, Walkowitz argues for seeing more than merely a shift from one type of city to another but rather a conflicted layering of elite male spectatorship, the “scientific” social reform, and W. T. Stead's New Journalism. Here Walkowitz investigates the “Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon.” The “Maiden Tribute” consisted of a series of articles, authored by Stead and presented in the penny press, which exposed the sale of girls into prostitution. According to Walkowitz, these stories relied on the new scientific methods of social investigation, but the...
Because Frances Anne Kemble was an actress and dramatist, she was unlikely to be involved with events surrounding the well-being of social classes. (Doc. 4). Since Kemble wrote her account of her journey to Manchester as a dramatist, it asserts that her ideas were merely based on what she personally believed opposed to the truth. (Doc. 4). When Tocqueville uses the phrase “nothing to the directing power of society,” he is affirming the imbalance of Manchester’s industries and exhibits his neutral beliefs through his equitable tone. (Doc. 5). The neutral issues of the industrial expansion of Manchester are manifested on the idea between the mutual quarrels over the concerns. The sources contained a mutual bias regarding the affects of industrialization on the city of Manchester.
London and the transatlantic slave trade. (n.d.). Retrieved February 25, 2014, from Port Citites: http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/ConNarrative.103/chapterId/2257/outputFormat/print/London-and-the-transatlantic-slave-trade.html
Distinctively visual language and cinematic techniques highlight to the responder the particular literal and metaphorical experiences characters are faced with, within a text. Peter Goldsworthy’s novel Maestro, Don McLean’s song ‘Vincent’ and the intriguing film Australia by Baz Luhrrman, explore the ways in which the human experiences of an individual’s connection to landscape is fundamental in shaping one’s sense of identity, personal growth and development. Composers further explore the realisation that our lives can be enriched by an understanding and appreciation of art as well as a deeper understanding of the importance of love and lust. The depiction of characters is conveyed through distinctively visual images to highlight the subsequent development of courage and resilience leads responders to a deeper understanding of how human experiences can create a sense of individuality.
Close your eyes and sit back in your recliner. Let the cool breeze refresh you as you relax in your hardwood floored den and sip your English tea. Now picture London. What kind of an image comes to mind? Perhaps the sophisticated languages of its inhabitants or just the aura of properness that encompasses typical visions of the great city of London. I am not writing to deny the eloquence of London, I am instead writing to challenge the notion of sophistication that many of us hold true to London. Could a city of such brilliance and royalty ever fester with the day to day problems that we witness daily in our own country? I argue, yes.
This article is about the city of Camden and how they went from being a thriving city to a city that is now in economic crisis. The city has a population of 70,390 and is the poorest city in the nation (16). Camden has an unemployment rate of 30-40% and has an average household income of 24,600 (16). In the past Camden was an industrial giant with several large companies like Campbell’s soup and RCA having factories there, which employed 36,000 people (17). Closing of the factories is one of the main reasons for Camden Counties' high unemployment rate. Over the past few years Camden has been forced to make “$28 million in draconian budget cuts, with officials talking about cutting 25 percent from every department, including layoffs of nearly half the police force” (16). With the lack of funds the counties education system is beginning to suffer with them having to cut the library rate by 2/3, now they have a“70 percent high school dropout rate, with only 13 percent of students managing to pass the state’s proficiency exams in math” (16).With all of the empty factories, empty houses, and vacant lots Camden is beginning to become a very unappealing and unhappy place to live.
The Industrial Revolution in nineteenth-century England brought about many changes in British society. It was the advent of faster means of production, growing wealth for the Nation and a surplus of new jobs for thousands of people living in poverty. Cities were growing too fast to adequately house the numerous people pouring in, thus leading to squalid living conditions, increased filth and disease, and the families reliance upon their children to survive. The exploitation of children hit an all time peak in Britain when generations of its youth were sacrificed to child labor and the “Coffers” of England.
Beginning in the 1960s, middle and upper class populations began moving out of the suburbs and back into urban areas. At first, this revitalization of urban areas was 'treated as a 'back to the city' movement of suburbanites, but recent research has shown it to be a much more complicated phenomenon' (Schwirian 96). This phenomenon was coined 'gentrification' by researcher Ruth Glass in 1964 to describe the residential movement of middle-class people into low-income areas of London (Zukin 131). More specifically, gentrification is the renovation of previously poor urban dwellings, typically into condominiums, aimed at upper and middle class professionals. Since the 1960s, gentrification has appeared in large cities such as Washington D.C., San Francisco, and New York. This trend among typically young, white, upper-middle class working professionals back into the city has caused much controversy (Schwirian 96). The arguments for and against gentrification will be examined in this paper.
Hundreds of millions of people around the world play or watch soccer. There are more than one hundred and fifty professional leagues in the world for soccer. While America has one major soccer league in the country Europe has a handful. Soccer is becoming more popular in America, but is far from having the popularity similar to overseas. Soccer has progressed in America from the North American Soccer League to Major League Soccer. The fact is, soccer overseas has had more time to grow and develop. In time, the MLS can become a powerhouse for soccer in the world alongside the premier leagues.Eventually, the MLS will compete with the pace, shots, and skills observed on and off the ball.
The world of soccer is an exciting sport to watch and even more exciting to experience as a member of a team. The amazing, diverse and worldly sport of soccer is open and able to make adaptations to improve teams, the game and the culture of the sport as a whole. A team that has the potential to make changes in player development to improve is the United States Men’s National Team. For America, the game of soccer is very young. It was a was cool Tuesday night in Frisco, Texas. The date was March 29th, 2016. In front of 8,000 fans at the Toyota Stadium USA was playing the Columbian national team. The Men’s Under 23 team was playing an important game. The match was a qualifier for the Rio 2016 summer Olympics. It was a crucial match since the
Soccer is a complicated sport with an even more complicated history. Indeed, many underestimate the stamina required to be successful, as players commonly run an average of six miles in an individual game (“soccer facts”).
FC Barcelona is one of the premier soccer clubs in the world. Many of the best players in history have donned the red and blue of Barcelona and made the Catalonian fans proud. As a team, they have won countless of trophies and triumphed over rivals. Much of their success can be credited to their renowned youth academy, La Maisa. It has brought countless of talented players such as Messi, Iniesta, and Puyol throughout the ranks of La Maisa, the youth academy.
...ted before, research in 2012 still shows that although money was spent within Ferguslie Park, it is still classed as one of the most deprived areas in Scotland but the question is, what would of happened of Regeneration hadn’t taken place?.