Literature review
Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, a popular, down-to-earth and a huge respected highness who ruled Abu Dhabi for 38 years and the United Arab Emirates for 33 years, had a massive impact on the development of the Gulf State (Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, n.d.). Sheikh Zayed grew up from humble homes outside of Abu Dhabi in the desert as a son of the former chief of state, Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan (Al-Abed, Vine, & Hellyer, 2005, pp. 13-14). Born at the beginning of the 20th century when Abu Dhabi was a small, destitute village which handled they subsistence with angling and selling gems, Sheikh Zayed enjoyed a typical cultural education, and he developed a fondness for falcons (Zayed National Museum, n.d.).
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Due to this fact, his highness made education accessible for everyone (Al-Abed and Vine, 2004, p.20). In Sheik Zayed’s view everyone, women and men, should get the chance of education and therefore have the opportunity to participate in the country’s development actively (Al-Abed et al., 2005, p. 20). While between 1970 and 1980 only 40% of folk enjoyed education, nowadays almost every inhabitant has the chance of higher education (Embassy Of The United Arab Emirates, n.d.). A remarkable statistic from Al-Abed et al. (2005, p. 227) shows that primarily women are graduating from university. Although women in traditional Arab countries are usually responsible for the household and cannot benefit from the same rights as men, it is astonishing that particularly women in the UAE as well have the possibility of an education (Ministry of State for Federal National Council Affairs, 2008, p. 3). A Report (Ministry of State for Federal National Council Affairs, 2008, pp. 6-8) written about women in the United Arab Emirates emphasizes that besides education, women are occupying in today’s world significant job positions in the government, private sector and what is notably in men controlled
...made. “Their domain of activities has extended, if not in the formal market, to the informal sector of the economy and to social affairs. The remarkable indices of these reforms are that urban and rural women volunteers participate in most important political institutions (i.e., parliament and Islamic councils) or in the establishment of NGOs.”21 This is a very large improvement, furthermore, women are gaining access to and “empowerment through higher education”21. Higher education leads to many positives, higher paying jobs, greater social standing, are just some of the advantages that will be accelerated over time as the gender gap becomes less prominent. However, “in Iranian society, men still are perceived to be more important than women”21 though this idea is decreasing at an increasing rate, it illustrates how pervasive and damaging a negative ideology can be.
...enging Myths of Muslim Women: The Influence of Islam On Arab-American Women's Labor Force Activity. Muslim World, 92(1/2), 19. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
The structure of Egyptian politics and state administration was also redefined during Ali’s rule. As the go...
“One Arab nation from Gulf to the Ocean,” gives meaning to the term “Pan-Arabism” in the Middle East. A notion where Arab nations transcend their state boundaries to form political mergers with other states and achieve an ‘Arab unity.’ The existence of Arab states had been tumultuous throughout the decline of the Muslim order, the end of the Ottoman Empire, the Palestinian defeat, Six Day War and Arab-Israeli war in 1973. This essay will critically examine Foud Ajami’s case for a raison d’état in the Middle East and his claim that there were six broad trends leading to the alteration of the balance of power away from Pan-Arabism and towards the state. It will be argued that Pan-Arabism was a romantic ideology that Arab states found convenient to support, all in advancement of their nationalistic state agendas. It was never a realistic endeavor that was physically undertaken by the Arab states and was thus never alive in a tangible sense. However, Pan-Arabism as an ideology had a place in the Middle East and was thus alive in an ideological sense.
“In the United States and several other countries, women now actually surpass men in educational achievements” (Josh, “Harvard Summer School”). Some women are more educated and qualified for most
You will realize the nationalists’ dream. You will learn foreign languages, have a passport, devour books, and speak like a religious authority. At the very least, you will certainly be better off than your mother.” Reading this masterpiece we can easily see the Middle East women’s dreams for education and freedom, things that we the women from the West taking as granted.
For many years women in America have experienced many different situations in the education arena. Situations that women experienced were very different than the experiences males experienced in the same classroom and women expectations were also different than that of their male counterparts. Renzetti and Curran wrote in their Fifth Edition of Women, Men and Society that women were expected to not only attend to their studies but also attend to the males’ laundry, cleaning their rooms and meal service. (Page 101.) Women were expected to keep silent and were only allowed to major in degrees like Home Economics and Teaching degrees. Was this treatment of women the same for women in other cultures? This paper will show that women in America fare far better than in other countries in their ventures in education. The countries that will be explored are the United Kingdom, Brazil, Africa, and China.
Middle Eastern women need to stand up for their rights and get educated to reverse the notion that they are servants and properties of their men. Furthermore, they need to rise up to their potentials and prove beyond doubt that they are equal to men. This practice would lead the path for future generations to follow and protect the inalienable rights of women. Finally, these women need to break the cycle of oppression by addressing these deeply rooted beliefs, gaining the tools to fight back, and joining forces to make lifelong changes.
Being the hub of Middle East financial and trade in this globalization, the country need to change and allow women as useful resources to help the males working and improving the country. The country will continuous change and get into the point that previous generation ready to adapt to new way of life and the new generation still respect the old customs and traditions.
The Women of the Middle East have played substantial roles for their corresponding countries since the advent of colonialism in the region. Middle Eastern women have worked in all types of fields including medicine, education, agriculture, government, private sector, and even defense. They have kept roofs over their family’s heads while their husbands were away in wars, or even in foreign countries to work in jobs that they could not find in their own countries. The roles of women in the countries of Yemen and Oman are no exception, but while they still find ways to contribute to their country, they care constantly stereotyped, discriminated, and ridiculed by men who are known and unknown to them. This paper will discuss the individual contributions of the women living in Yemen and Oman, and will discuss in further state laws and cultural norms that are affecting the women living in these countries today.
His Highness Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, founder of the United Arab Emirates, or UAE, stated, “The greatest use that can be made of wealth is to invest it in creating generations of educated and trained people.” From its conception, the United Arab Emirates was founded on the importance of education. Since it’s founding in 1971, the small country’s population has risen to over nine million people. This dramatic rise in population was a cause for the dramatic investment the countries government has put into its education system. In 1975, the rate of adult literacy was 54% among men and 31% among women, while today, literacy rates f...
The Arab world consists of twenty-two countries encompassing all of North Africa and much of the Middle East. The Arab people number over 360 million and while they share a common language, there is a surprising degree of diversity among them, whether in terms of nationality, culture, religion, economics, or politics. (McCaffrey, 3) Most inhabitants of the Ar...
Ibnouf, Fatma Osman. “Women And The Arab Spring.” Women & Environments International Magazine 92/93(2013): 18-21. MasterFILE Elite.Web.31 Mar. 2014.
...Arabia is a petrostate. Oil dominates the national economy, international exports, and the nation’s politics. It has greatly shaped what the kingdom is today. Having started out as somewhat of a tourist economy, the kingdom has become a world, monetary power. From their massive amounts of oil and extremely cheap production, the country has been able to gain large amounts of affluence and political power. With its large abundance of oil, the country has been able to profit immensely on sales and spur diplomatic outcomes to their benefit due to the great need of the resource. Without the discovery oil, Saudi Arabia would be of little importance in the modern world, having the Grand Mosque be the extent of its importance. But because of its discovery of oil, Saudi Arabia became of international importance, coming to be one of the greatest assets to world superpowers.
Ibn al Haytham was a Muslim innovator born in 965 in Basra. He is also known as Alhazen and The First Scientist. In his time, Alhazen was able to invent the first pinhole camera and a camera obscura. Before Alhazen, scientists believed that they did not have to scientifically prove their findings, however, he knew better. Every experiment or hypothesis Alhazen came up with, he submitted it to a physical test and/or proof using mathematic equations. (“Arab Inventors”)