Rosswurm and Larrabee (1999) change model is used as a guide-as a systematic approach to the entire process of developing and integrating an evidence-based practice change. The Change Team will integrate the steps of the model in order to provide nutrition education to the children at the YMCA community summer camp. Step two and Step three of the model will be used to locate and analyze the evidence related to the Change Team’s project goal, which is to increase knowledge and ability to identify healthy foods to show an increase from the pre- program survey to the post program survey by the end of the 6 weeks of summer camp.
Description of Community Group
The YMCA community group has some programs in place that foster developing healthy kids.
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They are a non-profit organization dedicated to strengthen the foundations of the community through youth development, healthy living, and social responsibility (YMCA, 2017). Their summer day camp encourages physical activity through sports and swimming. They participate in fun activities teaching about science, art, outdoor education, and field trips to local institutions. Within the creative activities planned for the day, nutrition is not incorporated. Our program would enhance this by providing education on nutrition to give the children a better-rounded learning experience. Adding nutrition to the science activities will help the kids understand. During their specialty camp week, the program involves a week of cooking camp, art camp, sports camp and STEM camp. This camp gives a variety for the children to explore different activities, especially the cooking camp. Our program could enhance the cooking camp by teaching alternative recipes. Using low fat, whole grains and high protein and not just teaching kids how to cook without knowledge of why cooking healthy is best. Step Two: Locate the Best Evidence This literature review will explain the evidence that has been studied to increase children knowledge on nutrition.
The Rosswurm and Larrabee (1999) change model will provide the basis for developing this EBP project. The change model step two includes locating the best evidence. Searching for the best evidence using electronic databases, journals, websites and books that are systematic reviewed. The literature our Change Team used came from sources using CINAHL, ProQuest, and MedlinePlus. We used a variety of search methods with keywords such as prevention, nutrition, obesity and health education.
Step 3: Critically Analyze the
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Evidence Bozzette and Posner (2013) study aimed to examine changes in student knowledge after receiving content on breastfeeding and lactation in their obstetrical course during their baccalaureate nursing education. This 2013 study used Rosswurm and Larrabee (1999) change model to effectively guide the implementation of an evidence-based breastfeeding course. Bozzette & Posner (2013) study was successful in implementing Rosswurm and Larrabee (1999) model. A pre-test scores of 24 nursing students, ranged from nine to 17, and post-test scores ranged from 12 to 20, with t = -7.29, p < 0.005, r² = 0.696, showing statistically significant increase in breastfeeding knowledge scores (Bozzette & Posner, 2013). Thus, the evidence of successful implementation of Rosswurm and Larrabee (1999) model was demonstrated to make a positive improvement in the nursing student’s knowledge. In the Minossi and Pellandra (2015) study, the aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of simple and cost effective educational program, to improve eating habits, physical activity and the knowledge about healthy habits in children, as well as in their families.
This 2015 study, included a sample of 37 children between the ages of 7 and 11 years, with the education program lasting 11weeks. According to Minnosi and Pellandra (2015), in order to evaluate the outcomes of the study, “A general evaluation questionnaire will be administered to the parents, to identify personal details of parents and children, breastfeeding time, age of introduction of complementary foods, early and family history.” The evaluation tools that were used with the children are the “TDPA” and the “Cardiokid” questionnaires. The results included increased knowledge and development of healthy habits, with improvements in BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, and lab tests in children and adults. The population of children aged 7-11 years, closely resemble the population of Let’s Get Healthy program, which includes children aged seven to ten years. Thus, Minnosi and Pellandra (2015) provides evidence obtained through a randomized controlled trial with similar population, and the use of Rosswurm and Larrabee (1999) model, which strengthens validity and reliability of the Let’s Get Healthy
project. Moore et al. (2009) used a quasi-experimental design to examine the effect of a nutrition education program, Color My Pyramid, on children’s nutrition knowledge, activity levels, self-care practices, and nutrition status. Students from experimental and control schools were compared over a 3-month period (Moore et al., 2009). The 2009 study was conducted with the use of a pretest and posttest to examine the results. The authors concluded that the program increased nutrition knowledge, improved eating behaviors, and increased activity levels. The limitation of the study was that the schools used were located in areas with a high poverty rate and a low socioeconomic status (Moore et al., 2009). However, this study provides a foundation for how skills can be developed and monitored at a young age. While doing research for the Change Team, a review was done of programs with similar purposes; one of the programs was called 5-a-Day Power Plus (“5-A-Day Power Plus Program,” 2012). The purpose of this randomized study was to increase the fruit and vegetable intake among students. The 5-A-Day Power Plus program (2012) program included 20 low income-inner city elementary schools in St. Paul Minnesota, with a total of 1,612 fourth grade students. The target population was fourth and fifth graders. It was held over eight weeks and included 16 (40-45 minute) classroom sessions two days per week. During this time the students were able to prepare healthy snacks as well as skill building and problem solving activities on the fruit and vegetable intake on the participants. The program had a positive impact on the students. The students were given a pre and post health behavior questionnaire, along with completing 24 hour diet recalls. The students were directly observed during lunchtime and the parents were also called for phone surveys post program. The students were shown to have an increase in fruit intake and fruit and vegetable intake combined although there were no real effects seen on vegetable intake alone (“5-A-Day Power Plus Program,” 2012). Wright & Epps (2013) presented a study using children enrolled in Feeding America Kids Cafe Summer Program. This study was a nutrition education program that aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable intake among youths. It was conducted by using children enrolled in the .The participants were all African American and in food insecure homes. There were a total of 57 participants in this study, ranging from ages five through twelve years old, 37 participants completed the study. This program addresses barriers to fruit and vegetable intake in these children based on answers from the pre-program survey. The program consisted of three sessions over a three months period. During the sessions the children were educated on nutrition and sent home with bags with food and recipes. At the conclusion of the intervention program a post program survey was given. The results reflected an increase in fruit and vegetable intake among these children. Based upon the literature evidence above, the importance of teaching children to identify and understand healthy eating was demonstrated. The Change Team was also able to identify articles-Minossi & Pellandra (2015), and Bozzette & Posner (2013), that used the Rosswurm and Larrabee’s model. Use of a pre-test and post-test in Bozzette & Possner (2013) study will be utilized to show the reader pertinent data to strengthen the results of Let’s Get Healthy project. George, E., & Tuite, P. emphasized collaboration with the staff who are in the most contact with the members, this will increase the success of our study by maintain a strong connection with the staff and the subjects. This will enhance adherence to the program. The other evidence based articles such as Moore et al. (2009), “5-A-Day Power Plus Program” (2012), and Wright & Epps (2013) reinforced the importance of nutrition education in children by using pre-post survey methods, and attaining a positive outcome with increase nutrition knowledge in children. The benefits of the Minossi & Pellanda use of workshops with playful activities; this incorporation will ensure the learning process will be sustained to encourage learning with play. Some risk this literature emphasized was the parents’ decreased involvement. In the 5-a-Day Power Plus program parental involvement was low but did not affect the outcome of the children (“5-A-Day Power Plus Program,” 2012). With the low involvement of the parents in Let’s Get Healthy program, the Change Team hopes to get similar results. With this supporting evidence, the feasibility of Let’s Get Healthy project being a success is high.
Faculty Assignment Goal #1: To increase the capacity of youth, adults and families to make informed, science-based decisions which prevent chronic disease and maintain healthy weight status through physical activities and intake of nutrient-dense foods.
The health promotion will aim to increase physical activity and enhance the individual’s consumption of nutrient dense food based on Healthy People Guidelines 2010, as well as improve the health literacy for the parent and the individual with regards to childhood obesity. It is essential that the nurse, parent, and child have open communication with mutually agreed upon goals (Caprio et al., 2008). The goals set forth by the nurse, parent, and child are that the attendee will participate in at least 60 minutes of sustained aerobic activity 5 days a week for the next 6 months. The attendee will also eat at least one and half cups of fruit and one and half cups of vegetables daily for the next 6 mont...
..., 2013). The authors state that this study presents sufficient evidence showing the important effects of CWK and subsequently supports the integration of nutrition classes within elementary school academia. The Institute of Medicine of the National Academies are currently discussing the development of US nutrition education academic standards and will likely include promotion of CWK style education into the school curriculum (Cuningham-Sabo & Lohse, 2013). Finally, the authors cite that additional studies of health and education of these programs need to be completed and documented to further show their effects and added value (Cuningham-Sabo & Lohse, 2013).
Childhood obesity in particular poses a large problem because it increases the likelihood of these children developing diabetes and heart disease, staying obese into adulthood, and therefore being more prone to chronic diseases. According to Healthy People 2020, 81.8% of adolescents do not reach the optimal amount of physical activity recommended for them. This is one of the factors that has led to 1 in 6, or 16.2%, of children and adolescents being obese (Nutrition). A research conducted on children and adolescents from 1999-2010 showed that 21.2% of Hispanic American children and adolescents were obese compared to 14.0% of non-Hispanic white children and adolescents (Ogden). In a 2004 study researchers examined the risk factors for obesity in Hispanic American 5 and 6 year olds. They took height and weight calculations of 230 kindergarteners from two public schools and interviewed and measured several mothers. They defined overweight as height for weight measurement at or above the 95 percentile for other children their age and a BMI of 25-29.9 as overweight for mothers and 30 or above as obese (Ariza). The growing prevalence of overweight children makes it clear that the problem is rooted in environment not just genetics. The risk factors focused on in this study were demographics, acculturation, physical activity, infant/toddler feeding practices, current eating habits, the mother’s attitude toward and belief about obesity and psychosocial family elements (Ariza). The researchers proposed the more acculturated to Western ideas the family was, the more overweight the children. Demographics asked about where mother and child were born and the education level and marital status of the mother. Physical activity asked how much time was spent participating in physical activity and watching TV. Infant/toddler feeding practices focused on the length of time breast-feeding and introduction
MRSA is a major source of healthcare associated diseases, increased hospital mortality, and leading surgical site infection (Jennings, Bennett, Fisher, & Cook, 2014, p. 83). With the implementation of active surveillance screening and contact isolations program, an overall decrease in hospital associated MRSA infections has been observed (Jennings, Bennett, Fisher, & Cook, 2014, p. 83). The author of this paper will identify a theory that can be used to support the proposed intervention i.e., reduce the transmission of MRSA by active screening in patients at high-risk for MRSA on admission. This paper will then describe the selected theory, and rational for the selection, and how this theory will support the proposed solution and how to incorporate this theory in this project.
...on: Creating School Environments And Policies To Promote Healthy Eating And Physical Activity." Milbank Quarterly 87.1 (2009): 71-100. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Feb. 2014
After a long afternoon, those students who stay after school rely on the school provided snack to get them through dinner. It is very important that this snack is nutritious so that they receive the energy needed to get them through the evening. The CATCH Kids Club is an after school program which focuses strictly on improving nutrition and physical activity in elementary school students’ lives (3). This particular program focused on training after school-care staff and teaching them the tools necessary to teach children about nutrition after hours. The focus was on setting up lessons and plans providing an outline of what the snack was and the physical activities that were going to be done during that time (3). Recently, there has been a federal law change that says schools must provide a drink, whether it is milk or juice and a larger portion of fruits or vegetables for after school programs as well as before and during school hours. Milk and juice provide greater nutrient intakes as well as vitamins (4). Milk, in particular, provides a significant amount of calcium and helps build strong bones and teeth. Likewise, larger portions of vegetables and fruits give children vitamins, minerals and fiber that will keep them energized throughout the day
The Six Sigma tools will be utilized to evaluate the preventive obesity initiative pilot program to identify the steps of processes for continuous improvement with the use of information from two focus groups to gain feedback to measure the performance of the overall pilot program and its effect of preventing obesity in the community of Somerset County (United States Environment Protection Agency, June 23,
"The increased prevalence of overweight and obesity particularly among children and adolescents is a severe public health problem" (Bray, 2005). According to our text, health education and health promotion are recognized increasingly as ways to meet public health objectives and improve the success of public health and medical interventions around the world (Gollust, 2014).
Nursing thrives on evidence-based practice and continual implementation of the nursing process. Evaluation and reassessment are key components to the success evolving and adapting nursing interventions have had. After reviewing all the data, there is a trend that catches the eye. The most successful interventions are those that are incorporated within a family or group setting (Mayo Clinic Staff). The development of a new nursing intervention to encourage healthy eating habits among teenagers and combat the epidemic of obesity should not only be targeted to the teens themselves, but also their families.
...romoting Physical Activity and a Healthful Diet Among Children: Results of a School-Based Intervention Study. American Journal of Public Health, 81(8), 986-991.
Holistic nutrition assesses the health history, diet habits and the lifestyle of an individual patient to determine the cause of underlying health issues and the most organic approach to deal with the health problem (Rustad & Smith, 2013). Rustad & Smith argues that community education plays a significant role in the practice of holistic nutrition to change the current nutrition behaviors amongst populations which are detrimental to health. Evidence based nutrition are guidelines that have been developed to assist in nutrition decision making which promotes appropriate nutrition care for specific diseases such as diabetes. In such cases, a nutrition is based on a systematic process and treatment algorithms derived from evidence analysis (Dollahite et al.,
Childhood obesity is a health problem that is becoming increasingly prevalent in society’s youth. For a number of years, children across the nation have become accustomed to occasionally participating in physical activities and regularly snacking on sugary treats. In result of these tendencies, approximately one third of American children are currently overweight or obese (Goodwin). These grim statistics effectively represent all the lack of adult interference, in regards to health, has done to the youth of America. The habits of over consuming foods and under participating in physical activities are all too common in the children of today. Children cannot solve this issue alone, though. These young people need to essentially be given the opportunities to make positive health decisions and learn about good, nutritional values.
The world is constantly changing in many different ways. Whether it is technological or cultural change is present and inevitable. Organizations are not exempt from change. As a matter of fact, organizations have to change with the world and society in order to be successful. Organizations have to constantly incorporate change in order to have a competitive advantage and satisfy their customers. Organizations use change in order to learn and grow. However, change is not something that can happen in an organization overnight. It has to be thought through and planned. The General Model of Planned Change focuses on what processes are used by the organization to implement change. In the General Model of Planned Change, four steps are used in order to complete the process of change. Entering and Contracting, Diagnosing, Planning and Implementing, and Evaluating and Institutionalizing are the four steps used in order to complete the process of change in an organization. The diagnostic process is one of the most important activities in OD(Cummings, 2009, p. 30).
I want to investigate how schools and parents can work together to support healthy eating for young children. Many schools already have healthy eating initiatives in place, however, there is still a high percentage of children with obesity. I firmly believe that if schools and parents have a close partnership in promoting healthy eating young children will have consistency both in the school and home environment. Healthy eating is an area that I feel passionate about due to the effects poor nutrition can have on the child both in the short term and in the long term. During my second school placement, I witnessed a healthy eating initiative that was extremely successful both with the staff and the students. This has influenced my enthusiasm to promote healthy eating in the early years by including parents in order to combat the serious issue of childhood