Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Literature review on financial ratio analysis
Financial ratio analysis is conducted by
Literature review on financial ratio analysis
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Literature review on financial ratio analysis
Liquidity Financial Ratio Review Exercise Understanding the meaning of financial ratios is imperative to different stakeholders both within and outside of a company. Management reviews different ratios to measure how effective the strategies used to run the business are within a given time period. Money Managers and other types of investors use ratios to determine investment strategies in different types of companies. The use of the ratios helps give a consistent look at different types of businesses whether large or small and determine profitability and return on equity. The purpose of this paper is examine liquidity ratios as applied to three companies and gain understanding of how the ratios studied disclose liquidity positions. Three types of Liquidity Ratios Liquidity for a company is “the ability of a firm to meet its near-term obligations as they come due” ( Walther, Financial Accounting, 2011, Chapter 4, p.57 ). Investors and creditors look at how liquid a company is in order to determine the company’s ability to meet it’s scurrent obligations. Three ratios to be considered are Working Capital, the Current Ratio, and the Quick Ratio. Three companies have been chosen and their Annual Reports as reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will be reviewed. A determination for each company’s liquidity position will be discussed based on the findings and compared to Management’s view as stated in the Annual Reports. The three companies chosen are Dell Inc., Genesco Inc., and ConAgra Foods Inc. Dell Inc. Dell Inc. is a manufacturer of personal and business computers with a global reach. They are located in Round Rock, Texas and have several manufacturing and customer services sites domestically and globall... ... middle of paper ... ...nage current assets to cover the current liabilities. All three ratios, when used together give a more complete analysis of the health of a company’s liquidity position. References US Securities and Exchange Commission, Form 10K, ConAgra Foods Inc., 2011. Retrieved from http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/ 23217/000095012311066520/c64679e10vk.htm US Securities and Exchange Commission, Form 10K, Dell Inc., 2011. Retrieved from http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/ 826083/000095012311025579/d78468e10vk.htm US Securities and Exchange Commission, Form 10K, Genesco Inc.,2009 Retrieved from http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/ 18498/000095014409002839/g18346e10vk.htm#113 Walther L. M. (2010). Financial Accounting, dba/Principles of Accounting.com Walther L. M. (2010). Accounting Cycle Problem Workbook, dba/Principles of Accounting.com
Suppliers are mostly concerned with a company 's ability to pay on their liabilities. Therefore, the current ratio and the quick ratio are both looked at by suppliers. The current ratio takes a company’s current assets and divides that by the company’s current liabilities. This number is
Analyzing Wal-Mart's annual report provides a positive outlook on Wal-Mart's financial health. Given the specific ratios and its comparison to other companies in the same industry, Wal-Mart is leading and more than likely continue its dominance. Though Wal-Mart did not lead in all numbers, its leadership and strong presence of the market cements the ongoing success. The review of the current ratio, quick ratio, inventory turnover ratio, debt ratio, net profit margin ratio, ROI, ROE, and P/E ratio all indicate an upbeat future for the company. The current ratio, which is defined as current assets divided by current liabilities, is a measure of how much liabilities a company has compared to its assets. Wal-Mart in the year of 2007 had a current ratio of .90, and as of January 2008 it had a current ratio of .81. The quick ratio, which is defined as current assets minus inventory divided by current liabilities, is a measure of a company's ability pay short term obligations. Wal-Mart in the year of 2007 had a quick ratio of .25, and as of January 2008 it had a ratio of .21. Both the current ratio and quick ratio are a measure of liquidity. Wal-Mart is not as liquid as its competitors such as Costco or Family Dollar Stores Inc. I believe the reason why Wal-Mart is not too liquid is because they are heavily investing their profits for expansion and growth. Management claims in their financial report that holding their liquid reserves in other currencies have helped Wal-Mart hedge against inflationary pressures of the US dollar. The next ratio to look at is the inventory ratio which is defined as the cost of sales divided by average inventory. In the year of 2007, Wal-Mart’s inventory ratio was 7.68, and as of January 2008 it was 7.96. Wal-Mart has a lot of sales therefore it doesn’t have too much a problem of holding too much inventory. Its competitors have similar ratios though they don’t have as much sales as Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart’s ability to sell at lower prices for same quality, gives them the edge against its competition. As of the year 2007, Wal-Mart had a debt ratio of .58, and as of January 2008, it had a debt ratio of .59. The debt ratio is calculated by dividing the total debt by its total assets. Wal-Mart has a lot more assets than it does debt so Wal-Mart is not overleveraged.
Overall, Horizontal analysis and financial ratios are essential factors that businesses use to monitor its liquidity. Therefore, in order to improve Apple’s ratios and profitability, the company needs to implement a strategy to increase the company’s liquidity. Business owners or managers should monitor current ratio and acid test ratio as these ratios help us to ensure the company has the proper liquid assets to pay current liabilities, to stay in operations and to expand the company. As we noted in our acid test ratio and current ratio for the company, we show a lower ratio for acid test ratio than the current ratio, which means that the company’s current assets rely on inventory. Therefore, the company needs to convert old inventory into
Any successful business owner or investor is constantly evaluating the performance of the companies they are involved with, comparing historical figures with its industry competitors, and even with successful businesses from other industries. To complete a thorough examination of any company's effectiveness, however, more needs to be looked at than the easily attainable numbers like sales, profits, and total assets. Luckily, there are many well-tested ratios out there that make the task a bit less daunting. Financial ratio analysis helps identify and quantify a company's strengths and weaknesses, evaluate its financial position, and shows potential risks. As with any other form of analysis, financial ratios aren't definitive and their results shouldn't be viewed as the only possibilities. However, when used in conjuncture with various other business evaluation processes, financial ratios are invaluable. By examining Ford Motor Company's financial ratios, along with a few other company factors, this report will give a clear picture of how the company is doing now and should do in the future.
Dell Inc. weakness was cell manufacturing because their assembled computers were being shipped five to six days after the order was placed. It is an inconvenience for the customers to always send their computer away to have it repaired. First, they are left without internet access. Second, the time it reaches Austin, Texas, have it repaired, and shipped back can take days. The company opportunities were the Dell U.K. that open business in 1987 and in that country it was a lot of companies selling cheap computers. Dell Inc. strides on loyalty among customers and employees, and that could only be derived from having the highest level of service and performing products. Segmentation within the company enables them to measure the efficiency of the business in terms of assets use. Dell Inc. evaluates their return on invested capital in each segment, compare it with other segments, and target what the performance of each should be.
In spite of this, you can find certain circumstances, where ratios are misused which can guide the management to wrong direction. One of the drawbacks includes that ratio analysis is utilized on the basis of financial statements. Amount of constraints of financial statements could have an effect on the precision or quality of ratio analysis .Moreover, ratio analysis intensely depends upon quantitative facts and figures and it ignores qualitative data. In addition to this, it is merely utilized as a tool for assessing the performance of business activities but ratio analysis certainly possesses some latitude for window dressing (Ahmed, 2006).A major limitation is the fact that it makes comparison of ratios between enterprises which happens to be questionable on account of variances in methods of accounting operation and
The Quick Ratio shows that the company’s cash and cash equivalents are the highest t...
Dell Computers Strategy Global companies play an important role in the business environment, because they connect their businesses together around the world. A good example of a global company is Dell Inc., an American computer-hardware company, headquartered in Austin Texas, which develops, manufactures, sells and supports a wide range of personal computers, servers, data storage devices, network switches, personal digital assistants (PDAs), software, computer peripherals, and more. They design, build and customize products and services to satisfy a range of customer requirements: from the server, storage and Premier Services needs of the largest global corporations, to those of consumers at home. According to the Fortune 500 2006 list, Dell ranks as the 25th-largest company in the United States by revenue.
Upon examining P&G’s financial ability to meet short-term obligations, it is apparent that not only have their current liabilities exceeded current assets over the last three years, but close to half of their current assets have been tied up in inventories and other illiquid assets. For example, assessing both the quick and current ratio respectively shows that less than 70% of the firm’s current assets could be converted immediately to pay current commitments, but a little more than 90% of the firm’s liabilities would ultimately be covered. Though, based on industry average similar findings occur; therefore, it must not be uncommon for industries similar to P&G to
Ratios traditionally measure the most important factors such as liquidity, solvency and profitability, as well as other measures of solvency. Different studies have found various ratios to be the most efficient indicators of solvency. Studies of ratio analysis began in the 1930’s, with several studies of the concluding that firms with the potential to file bankruptcy all exhibited different ratios than those companies that were financially sound. Among the study’s findings were that the deciding factor of the predictor of bankruptcy should not be only a few ratios, as the measure of a company’s financial solvency may differ as the firm’s situations differ. The important question is to which ratios are to be used and of those ratios chosen, which ratios are given priority weight.
Dell’s initial competitive strategy, when it was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell, was to focus mainly on differentiation. Its strategy was to sell customised personal computer systems directly to customers, which was a rapidly emerging market at that time (1). This was done by targeting second-time customers, those that already understand computers and know what they wanted. Meanwhile other companies at the time was selling “’plain brown wrapper’ computers” (2). By offering customisations, Dell gained a better understanding of customers’ needs and wants. This helped the organisation position itself differently against the more popular brands, such as Compaq and IBM.
Current ratio reveals the short-term liquidity of a business enterprise. It matches the current assets (cash, stock, debtors, work in progress) to the current liabilities (bills falling due for payment). Ideally, the current assets : current liability ratio should be 2:1. If this ratio happens to be less, it could mean that inventory levels are high or credit given to customers is at a high level....
Corporate liquidity is an interim characteristic that often referred to as the measure of the extent to which a company, an organization or a person has cash to pay for the short-term obligations. In accounting, liquidity is an extent of the capacity of a debtor to pay the debts when they are expected to be paid. It is often expressed as a fraction or a proportion of current liabilities.
Acid test ratio is a liquidity ratio that shows the ability of a company to pay off its current liabilities with quick assets. The acid test ratio is a better measurement than current ratio as it provides a more rigorous assessment of a firm’s ability to pay its current liabilities. Current assets that are not readily convertible into cash are excluded from the calculation of acid test ratio such as inventory. These assets are being eliminated because their conversion into cash may take considerable time. Acid test ratio is important as it used to evaluate whether a company has sufficient cash to pay for immediate obligations. If a company has enough quick assets to cover its current liabilities, then the company will be able to pay off its debts instead of selling off its long-term assets to cover its current liabilities. A high acid test ratio indicates a company is able to sustain its business because the company’s current operations are making enough profits to pay off current
Dell is a multibillion dollar industry founded in the year founded in the year 1984. The company has its headquarters in Texas in United States of America. The revenue of the company was $ 59 billion in the fiscal year 2015. The current CEO of the company is Michael Dell who also founded the company. The main products and services of the company include personal computers, smart phones, servers, televisions, etc. The subsidiaries of the company include Alienware, sonicwall, EMC Corporation, Force 10, etc. the company in the recent yearshasfaced a lot of heat due to low sales of personal computers in the market. In fact, the market share of the company has eroded to such an extent that the company sales and net profit