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Abstract on the project of animal rights
The disadvantage of animal research
Abstract on the project of animal rights
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We Must Put an End to Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation
Without animal research, cures for such diseases as typhoid, diphtheria, and polio might never have existed. Without animal research, the development of antibiotics and insulin would have been delayed. Without animal research, many human beings would now be dead. However, because of animal testing, 200,000 dogs, 50,000 cats, 60,000 primates, 1.5 million hamsters, and uncounted millions of rats and mice are experimented upon and die each year, as living fodder for the great human scientific machine. Some would say that animal research is an integral part of progress; unfortunately, this is often true. On the whole, animal testing is a necessary evil that should be reduced and eliminated whenever possible.
Since the time of Aristotle, animals have been used to further human progress. When Galen pioneered the study of anatomy or when Harvey discovered the circulation of blood, they used animals as a vital portion of their work. Why? Because at the time there was no alternative short of testing on human beings, an option very few would morally accept then or even now.
Throughout all of human history, the pattern has remained the same—human technological and scientific progress has always involved testing on animals. Without that testing, modern medicine would be a shadow of what it is today. Many modern procedures stem directly from testing with animals. In addition, doctors and surgeons receive much of their training with the living tissues of animals. Computer simulations and other methods simply cannot compete with experience on a living being. For example, the United States Army formerly shot goats to train physician responses to gunshot wounds (Cole ...
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Most people believe that the assassination of JFK was committed by Lee Harvey Oswald however there are many other conspiracies also. Even though his death happened a little over 50 years ago it is one of the most recognized deaths in America. A lot of theories do not make sense however other theories appear to have a valid conclusion. The different conspiracies I will look at in this paper are: New Orleans Conspiracy; CIA Conspiracy; Shadow Government Conspiracy; Military Industrial Complex; Secret Service and LBJ
There are innumerable conspiracies regarding the assassination of John F. Kennedy, but according to the film “Oswald’s Ghost”, after forty years none of the theories have panned out. Certainly, it is human nature to find solutions, to solve the mystery, and to have the answer pan out. That is why countless people have tried to solve the mystery by delving into the past of Lee Harvey Oswald to find out if he was the perfect assassin or if he the perfect patsy.
Both in and out of philosophical circle, animals have traditionally been seen as significantly different from, and inferior to, humans because they lacked a certain intangible quality – reason, moral agency, or consciousness – that made them moral agents. Recently however, society has patently begun to move beyond this strong anthropocentric notion and has begun to reach for a more adequate set of moral categories for guiding, assessing and constraining our treatment of other animals. As a growing proportion of the populations in western countries adopts the general position of animal liberation, more and more philosophers are beginning to agree that sentient creatures are of a direct moral concern to humans, though the degree of this concern is still subject to much disagreement. The political, cultural and philosophical animal liberation movement demands for a fundamental transformation of humans’ present relations to all sentient animals. They reject the idea that animals are merely human resources, and instead claim that they have value and worth in themselves. Animals are used, among other things, in basic biomedical research whose purpose is to increase knowledge about the basic processes of human anatomy. The fundamental wrong with this type of research is that it allows humans to see animals as here for them, to be surgically manipulated and exploited for money. The use of animals as subjects in biomedical research brings forth two main underlying ethical issues: firstly, the imposition of avoidable suffering on creatures capable of both sensation and consciousness, and secondly the uncertainty pertaining to the notion of animal rights.
Wolff, Jonathan. "Pro and Con Positions Oversimplify Animal Experimentation Issues."Animal Experimentation. Ed. Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2009. At Issue. Rpt. from "Killing Softly." Guardian. 28 Mar. 2006. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 2 Mar. 2014.
Some theories are that it was organized by the CIA, Fidel Castro, an Anarchist group, even by Vice-President Lyndon Johnson. However, once all the evidence is examined, it appears that the assassination was done by a lone man. So much of the evidence, from the way the assassination occurred, to the details of the alleged assassins’ life, and even to the official government findings and a film of the assassination, all point to the fact that there was no conspiracy and that Kennedy was killed by a lone gunman, Lee Harvey Oswald. Evidence that proves Oswald’s guilt are as follows; Oswald was pro-Communist, and hated America. He was in the Depository at the time of the assassination, and searches of the building found evidence of his work. The rifle with his finger prints on it was found by a make-shift snipers nest.
Commission, Warren. The Official Warren Commission Report on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1964.
On the 22nd of November 1963, the 35th president of the United States of America, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was charged with the crime, but was shot and killed two days later by Jack Ruby before he could be taken to trial. The Warren Commission officially determined that Oswald was the lone assassin, however, this conclusion has not been accepted by many. In fact, a 2003 poll reported that 75% of Americans do not believe that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone. Most believe that the assassination was the result of a conspiracy, though these same polls also show that there is no agreement on who else might have been involved. Most put forward the idea of involved parties such as Castro supporters, the Mafia, and the U.S Government.
Scott, Peter D. Deep Politics and the death of JFK. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 2003
On the day of November 22, 1963 the day started out just like any other campaigning day for president John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Shaking hands and kissing babies was just the daily norm for the president of this great nation, but it all turned south in a quick hurry… John F. Kennedy was considered by many to one of the greatest world leaders this country has ever produced, but unfortunately his life was cut short. JFK was assassinated November 22, 1963, by who some said to be Lee Harvey Oswald, a very connected man, to organizations such as the Mafia, Russian KGB, the Cubans and Castro and even the CIA. But the real question lies between the lines in the fine print. Did Oswald commit murder and assassinate the president of the United States of America? That answer we may never truly know. Many believe that Oswald was the sole murderer of JFK, while others believe completely different theories. I happen to believe in a not so common theory in which the man behind it the assassination was none other than the jealous Vice President Lyndon Baines Johnson. LBJ was a dangerous man, he had many connections to mafia members, ex and current CIA members some of which had great feelings of hatred towards our president, even Johnson himself had many reason to dislike Mr. Kennedy but was LBJ really behind the murder our great president John F. Kennedy, that is what I intend to learn much more about. To better understand my theory I will give you just enough background information on some of the other common conspiracy theories, starting with the Warren Commission Report.
One theory that some hold is that there were shots fired at President Kennedy from Grassy Knoll. This prompted the belief that there was either another gunman or that Oswald was not the shooter at all. Some of the witnesses thought they heard three shots from behind the limousi...
The debate about Kennedy’s assassination has been mixed by emotional arguments array of conspiracy theories that try to explain why a popular president was shot. I believe that President John F. Kennedy’s assassination in Dallas, Texas was a conspiracy. The U.S. Government has admitted that the American people have not been told the truth about the assassination.
What would the world be like if there was no vaccine for polio? If there was no discovery of insulin? Thanks to animal research we don’t have to live without vaccines or insulin. Animal research is a topic debated everyday around the world. Some argue it is cruel to put animals through experiments that animals have no voice in what is being done to them. Others argue that animal testing is good because it collects a lot of information and helps with surgical techniques. I believe that without animal testing we would never know what we know now. Animal testing for medical research is necessary if there are no other alternatives because it allows for advances in medicine, provides treatments for people with diseases, it eliminates human suffering, and it also has helped treat diseases in animals. (Animal Research 2013)
On November 22 1963 former President John F Kennedy was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald. He became the second out of the two most remembered presidents to be killed, the first being Lincoln. However, most people believe that John Wilkes Booth killed Lincoln, but most people don’t think Oswald killed JFK. Ranging from his future-self killing his past self to other crazy theories like aliens, but 55% of our nation still think that JFK was involved by some government conspiracy at the time of his death. Right now in 2014 America some people still believe that the assassination of John F Kennedy was just a conspiracy, here we’ll see why and how this could have happened in our own state in our own country.
Imagine walking down the street on a sunny, fall afternoon. You watch all of the happy kids and their parents enjoying the day as a parade goes by. All of the happy people in the street are eagerly jumping up on their toes attempting to get a glimpse of the president. The weather is practically perfect, so when the president comes around the corner of the street, he has the top down on the convertible to experience the beautiful weather. All of the sudden you hear a loud bang, and see many people scattering and dropping to the ground to cover their heads. You slowly begin to understand that a gunshot has been fired and panic sinks in. About 100 different case scenarios race quickly through your mind. This was the scene November 22, 1963 in Dallas, Texas. It was the day of President Kennedy’s assassination. All of the panic that day lead to a lot of confusion which has lead to many of today’s conspiracy theories.(Frontline.) Even Though many works of fiction fill readers’ heads with beliefs of secret societies and many conspiracy theories, historical evidence proves they do not exist.
On Friday November 22, 1963 approximately at 12:30 CT President Kennedy was assassinated while riding through the streets of Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. Many people believe that Kennedy’s murder was a result of a conspiracy. Based on the evidence, it has been scientifically proven, with 96.3% certainty that there was four shots fired from two different shooters. People also believe that there was no possible way that Oswald had time to fire all four shots, so there must have been a second shooter. Theorists who support the fact that Oswald had acte...