A human’s capacity to learn new skills has been researched and studied over the years. Each individual is unique and therefore hard to put into one simple category. Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences is one example of the possible ways a human can learn and comprehend their world. In his theory, Gardner has described 8 different capacities of learning ability. In applying his theory, personalized education could be created to tailor to each individual’s needs. Howard Gardner proposed the theory of multiple intelligences in 1983, a way to explain and understand human intelligence. The theory shows the many ways one can process, learn, and remember information. Gardner states there are eight types of intelligences and that humans “vary in the degree of skill possessed in each category.” (Maftoon 2012) The categories are: Linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand and relate to other people. Those who have strong interpersonal skills are good at resolving conflict, skilled at assessing emotions and intentions of others, and tend to create positive relationships. Careers for individuals with these strengths are psychologist, counselor, sales person, or politician. Intrapersonal intelligence is more inward and selfish. Individuals strong in this area are very reflective upon themselves. Intrapersonal people tend to be very aware of their own feelings and motivations. They enjoy day-dreaming and self-analysis. They tend to become philosophers, writers, and scientist. Visual-spatial intelligence is the ability to visualize things. These individuals do well interpreting maps and chart... ... middle of paper ... ...room with other children who have special needs and be on the same interpersonal level as them, struggling socially to adapt. Their social skills could be weak yet the child with Autism could be a musical or spatial genius. Each individual can be strong and weak in any area and by generalizing one’s education, students may never see their true intelligence. Over the years there have been multiple theories suggested about human intelligence. Howard Gardner’s theory seems to be argued by some, while others embrace it and use it. Applying Gardner’s theory of the eight intelligences- interpersonal, intrapersonal, spatial, bodily, linguistic, musical, naturalistic, and logical- to the education system could help more students learn and understand where their strengths are and where their weaknesses are in order to be able to improve their intellgence abilities.
Howard Gardner used to define intelligence as “the ability to solve problems or to create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings” (Gardner 33). The modern day human being would most likely include the words “smart” and “dumb” in their definition of intelligence. Gardner questioned the belief of only one intelligence so he created his own theory that involved seven different discoveries. He didn’t want to call these discoveries “skills” or “talents” or gifts” because those all suggested a drawback so he decided on the word “intelligence,” creating his theory of multiple intelligences (Gardner 33). Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences including, linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, intrapersonal and interpersonal, has many implications for modern education and culture.
Everyone goes through different experiences in life, just as everyone has different types of intelligences and skills. In total there are nine types of intelligences but there is only 2 listed using 3 paragraphs. These examples come from “Flowers for Algernon” or “Dakota Fullest Earns Nation’s Highest Folk Honor”. Some ways in which people demonstrate their knowledge and skill is through Howard Gardner’s Logical/ Mathematical , Bodily/ Kinesthetic , and Intrapersonal intelligences.
Howard Gardner’s theory contains eight main multiple intelligence. As the years have progressed there have taken one out and is left with the main seven. These seven are: Linguistic, Mathematical, Spatial, bodily, Musical, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. These are found in everyone; however, each person will excel in one or two. Once teachers can determine what intelligence the students will exceed on and teach to their strengths the student will learn much more.
Charles Spearman's model of intelligence and Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory are two of the most widely used theories of intelligence. In order to understand how similar the two theories are we must first understand their differences. These two men differed in opinion on how IQ and intelligence should be measured, and they differed in opinion on what made a person "smart". In order to examine these things they first had to understand the human brain and how it works. They had to examine the human study habits and rituals, along with the human test taking habits.
At some point in each individual persons life they attend some type of school, class or learning facility. Whether it is at school, home or any other place that one would be taught a subject or lesson. While attending a class or lecture each person that is their to learn will grasp the concept of the lesson in a different way and gain a different amount of knowledge and understanding on the topic no matter what. This reason being is every one has a different way of learning. Just as each individual is different in their own way they also have a different way of gaining information from a source. The way people are able to grasp information that is being given to them is called a learning style. Below you will identify the different types of styles and theories on how they apply to education.
This is an essay about the different theories of intelligence; it will discuss which theory is best at determining intelligence in my opinion. The information provided will help describe the pros and cons of each of the theories being used to define intelligence, explain why is it important to assess children’s intelligence, and discuss the type of intelligence I possess. The different theories of intelligence are complex and understanding the elements of each can help an individual choose the one that they believe is the best for determining intelligence. Comparing the positive and the negative elements of each theory of intelligence will allow an individual to see both sides of the theory and the flaws that may be twisted
Howard Gardner is the “John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and Adjunct Professor of Neurology at the Boston University School of Medicine, and Senior Director of Harvard Project Zero” (Gardner bio, Multiple Intelligences and Education, MI Theory, and Project Zero). As director of Project Zero, it provided and environment that Gardner could begin the exploration of human cognition (Multiple Intelligences and Education). Project Zero colleagues have been designing assessment and the use of multiple intelligences (MI) to realize more personalized curriculum, instruction, and teaching methods; and the quality of crossing traditional boundaries between academic disciplines or schools of thought in education (Gardner bio). MI theories offer tools to educators that will allow more people to master learning in an effective way and to help people “achieve their potential at the workplace, in occupations, and in the service of the wider world” (Gardner papers).
Gardner believes that all people excel in at least one category of intelligence. However, he cautions teachers using the multiple intelligence approach in the classroom: “Do not label kids as ‘spatial, but not linguistic’ or, for that...
The nine abilities that Gardner focused on were Linguistic, Spatial, Logical, Musical, Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Naturalistic, and Spiritual. Each child has the ability to possess all the intelligences and one intelligence can be stronger while weaker in another. The benefit of multiple intelligences is that it allows educators to acknowledge several talents as oppose to measuring a child’s intelligence with an IQ
Gardner’s theory of MI offers an alternative view of intelligence which has measured intelligence based on the results that would predict success in the current educational system. Furham (2009) sums up Gardner’s definition as “the ability to solve problems or to create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings”. This definition suggests that human intelligence is comprised of more than the predictable success in a western school system. Gardner argues that traditional definitions of intelligence and intelligence testing are too narrow and marginalize people who do not fit traditional education system that focuses on visual–spatial, verbal–linguistic, and logical–mathematical intelligences. He supports this with unique cases of idiots savant, who are people with low IQs but excel in skills in areas not measured through tradition IQ tests (Arnett, 2013). MI theory proposes that individual’s intelligence can be differentiated on eight different modalities:
In 1983, Howard Gardner a Harvard professor proposed the theory that individual can have multiple ways of learning and processing information. The multiple intelligences consist of 9 different ways and these include: verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, existential, musical, naturalistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Every individual has a different amount of each intelligence but each intelligence is at a varying level. With the help of a multiple intelligences assessment, I found that my top three multiple intelligences are Intrapersonal, logical, and interpersonal. Within his research Gardner says that “Intrapersonal intelligence refers to people’s ability to recognize and assess those same characteristics
Theories of Intelligence Introduction The focus of this report is to outline the: definition of intelligence, cover Charles Spearman’s, Howard Gardner’s and Daniel Goleman’s theories of intelligence, as well as covering intelligence testing and the controversy over intelligence testing, as well as having a better understanding of intelligence and the history behind it. Intelligence Intelligence, The ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations, (Merriam-Webster), is a muchly debated and historically controversial subject with no true definition as of yet, though intelligence is closely related to cognition. Many believe intelligence to be how smart a person is, or how quickly they can interpret data. Cognition
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, introduced his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. Multiple intelligence’s is a theory about the brain that says human beings are born with single intelligence that cannot be changed, and is measurable by a psychologist. Gardner believes that there are eight different intelligences in humans. The eight are verbal linguistic, visual spatial, bodily kinesthetic, mathematical logic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist. Understanding these intelligence’s will help us to design our classroom and curriculum in a way that will appeal to all of our students. We might also be able to curve discipline problems by reaching a student in a different way. One that will make more sense to them and more enjoyable. We can include all of the intelligences in lessons to accommodate all of the students’ different learning styles at once. By reaching each students intelligence we can assume that a student will perform better which, could mean students retaining more important information. A students learning style can also help lead them into a more appropriate career direction. As a teacher you can also learn your own personal learning style or intelligence to help improve the way you learn and teach.
This ties in to Gardner’s theory of the eight human intellectual capacities that have their own level of distinction. Gardner believed that using numerical expressions to measure human intelligence does not fully capture accurate human capabilities. The table below displays Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences.