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Industrial impact on environment
Industrial impact on environment
Industrial pollution and its effects
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Lead compounds have been released into the atmosphere for many years, which rested into the soils. In this lab, the amount of lead in the contaminated soil will be determined using stoichiometry. The five objectives include: comparing the amount of lead in the contaminated soil with researched information; calculating the amount of lead (II) nitrate present in the contaminated soil; calculating the amount of lead present in the original contaminated sample; filtering out the solid precipitate; and measuring the actual yield of lead (II) nitrate, percent composition of lead, percent error in producing lead (II) nitrate, predicting the limiting reactant and theoretical yield of lead iodide. In order to complete the objectives, the sand and the …show more content…
parts per million of lead. If contaminated soil has 700 parts per million (700 mg/kg) to 1500 parts per million (1,500 mg/kg) of lead, the soil is considered dangerous for unborn children when large amounts are carried into homes by tracking or airborne dust according to the US EPA. Therefore, the sand used in this experiment is not hazardous. The actual yield of the lead (II) iodide is 0.0308g which was found by subtracting the mass of the filter paper from the mass of the filter paper with the precipitate. The percentage of lead in the lead (II) nitrate is 62.56% which was found by dividing the total mass of lead (II) nitrate by the total mass of lead. The theoretical yield of the lead (II) iodide is 0.0362g which was found by dividing the actual yield of lead (II) iodide by …show more content…
In stoichiometry and this lab, proportions or mass ratios are used to find the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products. Another topic that relate to this lab is the limiting reaction. Stoichiometry was used to find the limiting reaction of this reaction lab through proportions and conversions, which was lead (II) nitrate. Additionally, the excess reactant is another topic that relates to this lab. Stoichiometry was used to find the excess reactant which was potassium iodide. Another topic mentioned was the actual yield. The actual yield was used for lead (II) iodide. This data can be compared to the theoretical yield to find how well the experiment was performed. Additionally, the theoretical yield was used in this lab in order to find the percent yield. Another topic was the percent yield. The higher the percent yield, the better the experiment was performed. Another topic was double replacement. In the experiment the reactants are made of two elements that yields products which have been double replaced. In addition to the previous topics, uncertainty is another topic repeatedly used throughout the lab. The uncertainty is used during measurements to account for the room of error that was possibly made during the measurements. Molar mass was another topic that relates to the lab. In the proportions and conversions part of the lab, molar mass is used to correctly balance the
The purpose of this experiment is to use our knowledge from previous experiments to determine the theoretical, actual, and percent yields of the lead chromate from the reaction of solutions of potassium chromate and lead nitrate (Lab Guide pg. 83).
The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality Engineering took ground water samples that showed volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) in the supply well. This well was formerly used for drinking water for the community. The results indicated that the ground water beneath the property was contaminated with radioactive material and VOCs. A sphagnum bog on the grounds had evidence of radioactive contamination. The soil, sediment, surface water, and ground water on the site had high levels of depleted uranium. On some of the soil and sediments, Poly Chlorinated Bi-phenyls were recorded. The buildings and structures on the grounds were as well contaminated with depleted uranium and other hazardous substances.
This is why the Flint water crisis is so critical today. Because young children are being exposed to lead and they should actually be screened from the lead. The pipelines with lead in the water system and the whole community of Flint, not being able to drink water out of the facet as well as not being able to
Lead is a metal found virtually everywhere even today. Sources of lead include auto body shops, electric storage batteries, glazes for china dishes, crockery, insecticides, electric cable insulation, hose, pipe, sheet and floor coverings. Lead is associated with stain glass work, jewelry making and antique ceramic doll painting. Although lead in paint was outlawed, there are still many homes that have lead paint (White et al, 1990). Lead found in gasoline was found in one study to account for 23--27% of the lead blood levels in the people tested (Wagner, 1991). This exposure to lead sources is more of a concern for children due to the characteristic habit of children to taste everything they touch; this characteristic is known as pica. Children are also in closer contact with their lead polluted environment during play. They are more active and exposed to outdoor contaminates and they inhale dust and dirt that are lead contaminated. Furthermore, the adsorption rate of lead in the digestive tract is up to 10 times greater in chil...
When lead enters the environment, it starts to become a problem. After a period of about ten days, depending on the weather, it falls to the surface. Here lead builds up in the soil particles. Where it may make its way into underground water or drinking water due to the fact the grounds acidic or if it's soft enough. Either way it stays a long time on the soil or in water. Months or years down the road after the lead has built up it starts to become a problem for children that play outside of their homes . This lead containing soil particles get on the child's hands or clothing and end up in the child's mouth. After the build up of so much lead it leads to lead poison. Lead poisoning has been an issue since the early 1900s, when the use of lead started being banned from the manufacturing of paint in foreign countries such as Australia. Unfortunately, the United States did not start banning it until 1978, when it finally became illegal in our nation. Today 90% of the lead in the atmosphere comes from the burning of gasoline. This problem has been a large issue since the 1920s, when the Environmental Protection Agency started making laws on the amount of lead allowed in gasoline.
One possible source of experimental error could be not having a solid measurement of magnesium hydroxide nor citric acid. This is because we were told to measure out between 5.6g-5.8g for magnesium hydroxide and 14g-21g for citric acid. If accuracy measures how closely a measured value is to the accepted value and or true value, then accuracy may not have been an aspect that was achieved in this lab. Therefore, not having a solid precise measurement and accurate measurement was another source of experimental error.
Pennsylvania has the most acid rain in the country, so it is not a surprise if the creek was polluted, but it’s not. It could be because of limestone rocks, or rocks that neutralize pollution in waters. Are next experiment was a eutrophication Test. A eutrophication is an enrichment of an ecosystem with chemical nutrients typically compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, or both. In this test we took samples of water into clear measurable tubes. There is 3 things we tested with water, Phosphate, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen. Phosphates and nitrates are examples of polyatomic ion. Phosphates and nitrates are found in fertilizers and some detergents. We tested for them and we didn’t get big results, so we know that waters aren’t polluted. There was a lot of dissolved oxygen, which is good, because that is what fish need to
Exposure to lead can be in the form of lead dust ingestion, swallowing of lead paint chips, inhalation of lead contaminated air, and eating food or drinking water that is contaminated with lead (Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention, 2014). Also, high concentration of lead in the human’s blood can have adverse effect on one’s health and wellness.
As a Resident Assistant on campus and living here for an extensive time, I have been concerned about the recent discoveries of lead found in the water. I became interested in the environment while discovering ways on how to maintain healthy drinkable water. This lead water incident has affected
Drinking water contaminated bt lead is not a new problem. Lead was authentically used to produce pipes. It is an universal metal that has been used throughout the years, as a fundamental component in various products such as radiation, shielding, plumbing, gasoline, ceramic glazing, children’s toys, and paints. Its long history of use and distribution means lead exposure and its health effects are
Symptoms of lead poisoning include loss of appetite, weakness, anemia, vomiting, and convulsions, sometimes leading to permanent brain damage or death. Children who ingest chips of old, lead-containing paint or are exposed to dust from the deterioration of such paint may exhibit symptoms. Levels of environmental lead considered nontoxic may also be involved in increased hypertension in a significant number of persons, according to studies released in the mid-1980s. As a result, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control in recent years have been revising downward the levels of environmental lead that it would consider safe.
There are many contributing factors that enhance the amount of lead in the environment, for instance, environmental lead occurs from the burning of leaded gasoline, from battery and smelter industries and it’s also found in ink and paper. Additionally, many canned food products are sealed with lead solder (Analytical Research Laboratories, 2012). Due to the vast quantity of lead found in the environment, exposure is inevitable. On the contrary, there are three main ways in which lead can enter the body: inhalation, ingestion or absorption through the skin. It may be inhaled when it is burned or melted, releasing some of the lead as a fume and or when dust that contains lead becomes airborne. In terms of ingestion, lead may be ingested through drinking water, when dust particles containing lead come in contact with food or food preparation surfaces, etc. In particular cases that inv...
Lead (Pb), a heavy metal element is found in the Earth, in small amounts in ore along with other metals. Lead due to its high abundance is also an environmental pollutant found in lead-based paints, soil, fuel, some toys and jewelry, and metal pipes and toxic if ingested [1]. Another environmental pollutant is 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), also known as dioxin. TCDD is the most toxic organic pollutant in the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins(PCDD) family. TCDD is produced from the unwanted byproduct of industrial processes and combustions emissions and has no known function for industrial or commercial use. TCDD is found throughout the environment in low levels but main exposure is caused by consuming dairy, meat and fish products,
borate) and 1.0 g. of sodium hydroxide in 20 mL of warm water. It may
When the concentration for the ions doubled, the rate of the reaction doubled accordingly. So the reaction order for iodide is one.