Language Games, Writing Games - Wittgenstein and Derrida: A Comparative Study
ABSTRACT: The concept of deconstruction was first used by Derrida in transforming Heideggerian "destruction." The deconstruction of Derrida is a textintern, intertextual, in-textual activity. He plays a double game inside of philosophy, emphasizing that our thinking is embedded in metaphysics, while at the same moment he questions metaphysics. Wittgenstein's deconstruction, however, involves a new kind of reading, a Zerzettelung of the traditionally argumentative and linear thinking modes. The game plays an important role in both philosophers' texts. I would like to investigate this role and function under the two following viewpoints. First, I think that the game has a strategic role. Second, both philosophers stress that their game is not a founded game but is bounded to knowledge and forms of knowledge.
Wittgenstein and Derrida are two spurs, éperons of philosophical thinking, who changed the milieu of philosophical discourses. They practice new arts of thinking and writing, which lead to a change of paradigm and of style in philosophy. In the case of late Wittgenstein the change manifests in a critical attitude toward modern logical discourses. The annonced silence (Stille) of the Tractatus transfigures itself through textual dispersions into the styles (Stile) of the late Wittgenstein. By Derrida we can discover this paradigm change in his critique of philosophical "logo-phono-ethnocentrism" and even more in his way of writing, wich through its disseminating force overpasses the bar between philosophy and literature.
Alluding to the historical perspectives of these relationships Rorty remarked (Rorty 1984, 5) that as Derrida treats the philosophy of Heidegger, in the similar way treated Heidegger the philosophy of Nietzsche. Derrida is in the same position to Heidegger and Heidegger to Nietzsche as Wittgenstein is to Russell and Russell to Mill. It would be interesting to analyze paralelly the Mill-Russell-Wittgenstein line to the Nietzsche-Heidegger-Derrida line or to investigate the Mill-Nietzsche, Russell-Heidegger and Wittgenstein-Derrida couples. I would like to focus in my paper on three aspects of the Wittgenstein-Derrida relationship: the philosophical attitudes, the writing and reading activity and the language games and writing games.
1. Philosophy as deconstructive activity
The concept of deconstruction would be used the first time by Derrida, transforming Heideggerian "destruction", but we can suppose, that the activity meant by deconstruction would be "practiced" also by others, by earlier philosophers. Derrida himself notes that there are at least three proto-deconstructors - Nietzsche, Freud and Heidegger, but the deconstructive activity is as old as the philosophy.
“Telemedicine is the use of medical information exchanged from one site to another via electronic communications to improve a patient’s clinical health status” (American Telemedicine Association, 2013). Telemedicine is the use of technology such as email, mobile devices, and computers to communicate health information (Mayoclinic.com, 2014). Telemedicine has enabled the use of communication technologies by healthcare professionals for the evaluation, diagnose, and the treatment of patients in rural areas (GlobalMed.com, 2014). Telemedicine is used in a variety of health care services like primary care, patients monitoring, health information sharing, health education (America Telemedicine Association, 2013). These services are delivered using various mechanisms such as video conferencing, personal health apps, e-visits (Mayoclinic.com, 2014). These technologies have been proven to increase access, to be cost efficient, to improve quality, and intensify patients’ satisfaction according to the America Telemedicine Association.
Martin Heidegger’s memorial address, delivered in Germany in 1955, is both a call for action – not only to the people of Germany, but to the population of man across each continent – as well as a notion concerning the future of mankind. When described using elements of rhetoric, or styles rather, these very specific directions Heidegger chose to take his speech fall into two distinct but concomitant classifications: deliberative and epideictic. Concomitant in the sense that both arguments, throughout the address, are woven together masterfully and rely on one another to explain Heidegger’s assertions.
The first definition of nursing informatics was published by the American Nurses Association in 1994. Nursing Informatics is the specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science in identifying, collecting, processing, and managing data and information to support nursing practice, administration, education, research, and the expansion of nursing knowledge (Murphy, 2010). The term nursing informatics has greatly changed since the 1970’s and has evolved ever since. Today, nursing informatics is defined as the science and practice that integrates nursing, its information and knowledge, with management of information and communication technologies that promote the health of ...
Nursing is a field that has several diverse options. These options include, bedside nursing, administration, education, case management, forensics, and numerous other possibilities. A new field of nursing has emerged, nursing informatics. Nursing informatics (NI) is defined by the American Nurses Association (2008) as a specialty that “integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice.” Simply defined, nurses are using the combination of technology and nursing knowledge to care for patients and improving outcomes. Nurses are doing this by collecting data, converting that into information, and then into knowledge, where it then can be applied to their critical thinking skills to better care for their patient (Finkalman & Kenner, 2013)
As we enter the era of technological advances in the healthcare system, nursing informatics has become an essential element in the practice of nursing, and according to the American Nursing Association (2008), the managing of date, information, knowledge and wisdom are relevant to nursing. Thanks to health information technology (HIT), which has a wide-range of tools for improving care quality, there has been a reduction in care disparities, and improvements in care outcomes, including patient and family experience. In Addition, the advances in communication and information sharing has made HIT, a critical instrument for addressing the threats to safety and quality during care transitions, since every nursing action relies on knowledge based
Wittgenstein, Ludwig; G. E. M. Anscombe, P.M.S. Hacker and Joachim Schulte (eds. and trans.). Philosophical Investigations. 4th edition, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. Print.
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The goal of this literature review is to increase our knowledge about technology use in practice and to identify where there is need for improvement. Information technology seems to be a widely discussed topic these days and most nurses have no clear idea how it can transform the way we do things on an every day basis. We will also look at the impact technology has on nursing, patients, and colleagues. We will then focus on a specific nursing setting, in this case the emergency room. This literature review is organized to grow on each independent section so that you, the reader, can form your own opinion, but take with you the universal understanding of how information technology will lead us down a new and exciting career path.
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Nursing Informatics is important to the nursing profession since nurses’ work in information-intensive environment. The advanced technology available in recent years allows nurses to collect data from patents, share the information with other nurses and healthcare providers to provide better care and knowledge that can be gather from the information. Information can be used in clinical care, teaching environments, billing and other environments, with regards to privacy policies. The advancement in technology is allowing nurses to spend more time caring for their patients rather that spending time documenting incidents. New devices and applications are allowing patents and other healthcare providers to provide better care by allowing them to
Technology and innovation have transformed the way people function personally and professionally. In the past, writing and mailing a letter was standard but now most people send electronic messages and text messages to phones. Healthcare has been changing tremendously as well, not only are paper charts and records becoming obsolete, but now many facilities are sharing test results, visit information details, and prescribed drug lists. This move into the digital age has helped improve healthcare by cutting costs in the long-term, increasing efficiency with decreased wait times, and reducing medical errors. This evolving technology expansion, commonly referred to as nursing informatics has created many opportunities for nursing professionals with information technology experience to move into this growing field.
In the first stanza of the song, it is showing the speaker had feelings of remoteness while he was talking to his old friend ‘darkness’ for unspecified period of time. Talking with silence, where stillness has taken place, can be defined as solitude and loneliness. The reason behind the speaker resort to solitude and loneliness is because a vision was one that gives distress on him. In this case, if vision acts as a threat that oppresses and retreats instead of progressing and moving forwards to bright future, solace has to be a shelter which needs to be in place to defend one’s loneliness and feeling of isolation. “walked alone” in the second stanza, it seems that the speaker has a dream and shows an earnest craving to escape from lethargic ennui and weariness. No one would understand his feeling until the right time comes. (Simon, 1964, par. 1, 2)
Informatics is known as putting data into information (Hebda & Czar, 2013). This is significant to nursing and health care because healthcare workers use informatics everyday. Through the use of technology, data is taken and transcribed into information in healthcare. I will use software to input a client’s information; I can use it to communicate with other healthcare workers and share needed information. Informatics develops my career as a nurse and helps me advance the maximum effort I can put in as a healthcare worker. Whether its using an electronic blood pressure machine or reading x-rays from a computer, informatics plays a significant role in healthcare. Throughout this paper, informatics will be discussed on how it influences nursing, changes the future of health care, and how I will play a role informatics in the future.