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Essay on medical practices of the medieval period
Essay on medical practices of the medieval period
Elizabethan health
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The Elizabethan era was full of terrible illnesses. The medicine was extremely basic and there was not a large amount of it (Alchin 1). The health of the Elizabethan Era can be directly related to the lack of knowledge when it came to creating medication, the amateur minds of the doctors, and the difficulties associated with the acquirement of medical help.
In a time period where horrific diseases such as smallpox, Malaria, and the Bubonic Plague (black death) often crossed your path medicine was very primitive. One of the worst diseases was the Bubonic Plague almost one third of the population were victim to it (Alchin 1). A shortage of sanitation was a hidden cause of Elizabethan illnesses notably in large towns and cities for instance
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Some people that gave out medicine were not actual doctors. Physicians were the highest ranking. They would cover themselves from head to toe in clothing to protect them from getting terrible diseases. They would wear long robes with a pointed hood, leather gloves and boots, they would also wear a mask that had a long beak that had special oils in it so they could breath the same air without getting sick (Williams and Lacasse 1). Old wise women were typically the doctor for the poor. The old wise woman could not offer any real medical help but they could give them home remedies. As in ranking a surgeon was always inferior to a high ranking physician (Alchin 1). A surgeon's job was very similar to a barber's job. A barber ranking lower than a surgeon was to give people blood and pull teeth. An apothecary is basically a modern day pharmacist (Williams and Lacasse1). The apothecary’s belong to a grocer and also sold cosmetics, sweets, and perfumes (Alchin 1). So when going to an apothecary it was like going to a Walgreens today. People would often go to the church when they were sick. All the church could help them with was to provide comfort (Alchin 1). It was mainly the poor that would go to the
Even in the medical field, male doctors were dominate to the hundreds of well educated midwives. “Male physicians are easily identified in town records and even in Martha’s diary, by the title “Doctor.” No local woman can be discovered that way” (Ulrich, 1990, pg.61). Martha was a part of this demoralized group of laborers. Unfortunately for her, “in twentieth-century terms, the ability to prescribe and dispense medicine made Martha a physician, while practical knowledge of gargles, bandages, poultices and clisters, as well as willingness to give extended care, defined her as a nurse” (Ulrich, 1990, pg.58). In her diary she even portrays doctors, not midwives, as inconsequential in a few medical
The Elizabethan Era was a Golden Age for the English people during the late 1500s and early 1600s. This time period is referred to as the English Renaissance because new ideas were introduced to Elizabethan daily life. People enjoyed learning; they enjoyed art, culture, music, and food. The people also enjoyed celebrating many customs and festivals. These celebrations became a major part of daily life, and there were many customs to celebrate.
...help. They could go to any of those and get help and people used all of these choices, but the amount of money they could spend limited their choices, as some practitioners charged for their help. But if a person didn’t have a lot of money, he still had many choices available. Almost every community had at least one of each type of practitioner.
An Apothecary was a pharmacist in the Middle Ages. Apothecaries kept a shop or store of such nonperishable resources as spices, drugs, and preserves. Apothecaries prepared and sold what we would call today, drugs, but it was not until the end of the eighteenth century that the profession of apothecary was clearly recognized.
The filth of the cities promoted the spread of disease faster than doctors could discover a cure. This encouraged large outbreaks of many deadly diseases. And it is said that throughout this period there were people who went about the cities and towns with wagons calling "Bring out your dead!" in a fashion similar to that of the Medieval era during the bubonic plague (Which, by the way, was not yet a dead disease).
Medicine men utilize the use of herbs, ceremony, song, stories and prayer to treat each person individually. Medicine men’s healing beliefs advocates a personalized treatment plan for each individual’s unique health problems. Consequently The medicine man is unswervingly devoted to his calling for his entire life, both publicly and privately. Frequently he fasted and his thoughts would reflect upon the supernatural. Publicly his duties were numerous and onerous; dedicated children to the Great Spirit, carried out the setting up of the chief, conferred military honors on the warrior, held leadership positions for war, enforced orders, appointed officers for the buffalo hunts, and when planting the maize he decided on the time to plant.
Unlike today, the Ancient Roman doctors received no respect, because they were considered to be fraudilant. This reputation was caused by the doctors magical tricks, and the lack of useful treatments. The job required minimal training, as they only had to apprentice with their senior. Thus, many free slaves and people who had failed at everything else filled this profession. Some did try to find new remedies; however, others used medicine to con people. Public surgeries were done to attract audiences as an advertisement. Doctors would even become beauticians providing perfumes, cosmetics, and even hairdressing. When wives wanted their husbands gone, they would say, ¡§put the patient out of his misery¡¨ and the doctors would be the murderers. However, as wars began to break out, there were improvements bec...
Many aspects of life in the Elizabethan era are unlike today. One of those aspects is what they ate. What was affordable and what the societal norm was varies from what we know now. The poor had very little food, and what they did have had almost no change in daily diet, which was a far cry from their rich counterparts. What they ate was mainly meat, fish, and bread. They did not have access to the wide variety of food that we have in this day and age. There were no man made or processed foods, of which make up a lot of the American diet today. The food of the Elizabethan era was much different than the present day, especially in the areas of availability, types of food, and what one could afford.
From the viewpoint of a medieval doctor, there were few things you could do. Most medicine at that time was based on the four humors, and the four qualities. The four humors were phlegm, blood, bile, and black bile. Illness would occur when these humors were imbalanced. Doctors often let blood, attempting to restore balance. There were also four qualities; heat, cold, moistness, dryness. Diseases were often deemed to have two qualities, i.e. hot and dry. If a person had a disease that was hot and dry, they would be administered a plant that was considered cold and moist.
The Renaissance was a time of great rebirth and enlightenment across Europe. In England it was particularly beneficial, bringing with it great advances in literature and art. One of the main factors that caused many of the changes of the time was disease. The two most prominent diseases of the period were the Black Death and Syphilis, with each disease affecting patients differently, thus resulting in different outcomes. Disease like the Black Death and Syphilis greatly impacted the culture of the Elizabethan era.
In the twenty-first century people are accustomed to hospitals with trained doctors, sterile environments, and sensible techniques. However, in medieval times people relied on inexperienced doctors, filthy environments, and techniques inspired by outdated physicians and astrology. Modern medicine is advanced and expanding life spans, while medieval medicine was primitive and often greatly shortened lives. Therefore, modern medicine has not been inspired by medieval medicine, but it has been inspired by those that came after the middle ages. The first great factor of medieval medicine that displays how outrageous and uninspirational it was is the lack of training their doctors possessed.
This brought about the medicine bag, which allowed physicians to bring their instruments wherever they would like. If a settlement did not have a doctor close by, the settlers had to spend days travelling to reach a doctor and without a doctor’s help, a simple ailment could lead to more deadly conditions. Rural family doctors were well respected in their settlement and well known. Those doctors were commonly paid with produce and many types of food, as well as other valuable items. Nowadays, there are over a hundred doctors per city and the medical profession is the one of the most highly paid professions in the country.
The doctor would prescribe medicine for his patients and send them to an apothecary, whom he was working with. “All his apothecaries in a tribe were ready with the drugs he would prescribe and each made money from the other’s guile,” (p. 17). The Doctor would prescribe medicine that may not have been needed, just to make money. The patient would buy the medicine from an apothecary and the apothecary would give a cut to the doctor in return for the business.
Because more African Healers moved to the cities they lost access to the rural areas however this presented an opportunity for the commercial trade of umuthi “traditional herbs”. The increased trade allowed African Healers to expand their services. White doctors initially seemed to respect the work of African healers, and some sought their assistance. However in the twentieth century, biomedical doctors grew increasingly skeptical of such healers and their abilities and began to claim that African healers were 'unscientific' and 'ineffective'.
Medicine: The Silent Hero Growing Through the Ages The nations of the ancient world made major medical advancements which contributed to the medical understanding that the world has today. In early antiquity, medicine was not a top priority. There was very little advancement or practice of it at all.