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Theoretical Framework Kurt Lewin was considered the father of social psychology that developed the change theory of nursing. The change theory model is beneficial for understanding when change needs to be made and prior learning to be rejected and replaced. Educating healthcare professionals with new information will help patient heath outcomes (Petiprin, 2015). (Appendix B)
Overview of the Change Theory Model The three stages of the change theory model are unfreezing, change and refreezing (Petiprin, 2015). The unfreezing process is letting go of old information and introducing change. The method to achieve unfreezing “is to increase the driving forces that direct behavior away from the existing situation or status quo. Second, decrease the restraining forces that negatively
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Sutherland (2013) indicates ongoing support of the staff until the change is considered complete and they are comfortable with the implementation. According to Sutherland (2013), “Once completed and fully operational, an evaluation and summary of problems encountered, successes realized, and challenges encountered throughout the project should be done, for future reference” (para.15). The refreeze stage will take time and various data will be accumulated to evaluate whether the change was effective in screening for PPD. The data will consist on the success of mothers using the screening tool within the year, how many mothers were followed up by healthcare providers, and the number of postpartum mothers that had PPD. The refreeze stage is intended to assess if the PPD protocol implemented has positive results in the prevention and early treatment of PPD. With implementing the change theory model, having a plan for all three stages is crucial for the change to be sustained. The APN will be able to use the change theory model in building a foundation to screen for PPD in the outpatient
Ziegler, S.M. (2005). Theory-driven nursing practice. (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, Inc.
Many methods of screening have been implemented including neonatal sampling of hair and meconium, maternal urine screening, and maternal self-reports.(11) In considering wide-spread feasibility, self-report measures have been commonly used, some more known and validated methods include the 4 P’s plus and TWEAK. (4,5,13) In the clinic visit, the Obstetrician may also implement a brief motivational interview to assess the patients willingness to change. The Treatment and Intervention Protocol recommends the FRAMES Approach where the providers give feedback, responsibility, advice, menus of change options, empathy, and empowers t...
The first stage of change is precontemplation. During precontemplation an individual is not ready to and resistant to change. Another important
One theorist named Jean Watson, her focus was to build trusting relationships so they could work together to provide the best nursing care. She wanted the patients to voice their concerns of any health issue arising or another concern. All of this while having a professional relationship and never acting
Walker, L.O., & Avant, K.C. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Walker, L. O., & Avant, K. C. (1995). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT:
The 7 Levels of Change provides a different way of thinking to enhance behaviors and processes. The author demonstrates throughout the book a seven process of change that builds upon the next. He believes that by thinking differently, being creative and stepping out of the norm is the catalyst to solutions and results beyond one’s expectations. Although the author uses the analogy of a new work environment to expound on the level of changes, the fundamentals can be used in both your personal and professional life.
Change usually comes with resistance in any workplace because change disrupts the employees’ sense of safety and control (Lewis, 2012). Kurt Lewin (1951) created a three step process for assisting employees with organizational Change (Lewis, 2012). The three stages are Unfreeze, Change and Refreeze. These are the steps to a smooth transition for change within organizations. Further, these steps are not possible without good communication from upper Management through line staff. Communication was consistently listed as an issue in surveys conducted by the department.
One of the change models of Organizational Development was created by Kurt Lewin. It includes three phases: unfreeze, move or change, and refreeze (Lewin, 1951, 1958). Lewin’s model recognizes the impormance of changing the people in organization and the role of top management involvement to overcome the resistance of change.
Nursing theory can be applied to resolve nursing problems or issues, irrespective of the field of practice. A nursing theory benefits nurses and the patients that are in his or her charge. . Depending on the issue or problem that is needed to be solved determines what theory needs to be used. Nursing theory started with Florence Nightingale. She believed that a clean environment would promote better health. Virginia Henderson’s need theory emphasizes the need to ensure that the patient’s independence is being increased while in a health care facility. Ensuring that a patient can increase his or her independence allows for them to experience better outcomes upon discharge home. This is just two examples of nursing theories that were used
The term socialization as described by Wilkinson and Treas, states that socialization is the informal education that occurs as you move into your new profession (Wilkinson & Treas, 2011). Socialization into nursing is more than just being knowledgeable of the information and skills required to perform an outlined role. It also includes learning and adapting to the behaviors, norms, values, and perceptions of individuals within the same group or role (Wilkinson & Treas, 2011). Socialization into nursing requires continuous research. Often, individuals enter the field of nursing with their own beliefs and life philosophies, however after much role modeling and reinforcement of applied behaviors and skills those beliefs and life philosophies either change or develop into theories. This paper will compare and contrast my personal beliefs and life philosophies to those of Virginia Henderson. I will give background information on Virginia Henderson and also explain the notable theory she has contributed to the world of nursing. I will then compare Henderson’s views to those of my own and clarify why I choose her as my theorist of interest.
Nursing theory can be used to empower nurses by giving autonomy and improve skills. With the rise of healthcare, administrative decisions involving nurses could have a negative effect on patient care. There are four concepts that make up the nursing metaparadigm, person, environment, health and nursing and act as the model for nursing care. All theories in the nursing practice proves valuable within the profession but may vary between different theorists depending on what their beliefs are. Some theorists can view the same situation entirely different. Both Rogers and Neuman were theorist that developed theories for viewing and caring for patients but in two different ways. Professionalization, coherence, and enhanced communication are three arguments when determining the importance of theory in nursing. Multi-disciplinary nursing becomes necessary to achieve positive patient
King, I. M. (1971). Toward a theory for nursing; general concepts of human behavior. New York: Wiley.
In one instance, Orlando’s theory was used in an extended care facility by the night nursing staff regarding two older adult women patients. One patient was constantly calling out for staff and the other patient was constantly removing her oxygen. The nursing supervisor used Orlando’s theory as she met with the nursing staff to determine what the women were thinking and the reasons for the patients’ actions. The supervisor assigned additional nursing staff to that particular unit to assist with the immediate needs of the two patients. A positive outcome was achieved by the interventions of the additional nursing staff as the patients experienced less stressful behaviors. This in turn increased the amount of time the patients slept during the night (Bredow & Peterson, 2009). Orlando’s theory has been used in education as well. Midwestern State University, which is located in Wichita Falls, Texas, is implementing Orlando’s theory for teaching entering nursing students. Also, in Brookings, SD at South Dakota State University, Orlando’s theory is being used for entering students as well as re-enforcing it in their junior year. This theory encourages the students to become effective in their nurse-patient interactions and utilization of therapeutic communication. In addition, the University of Kansas Hospital department of nursing uses theoretical
One of the first scholars to describe the process of organizational change was Lewin (1974). He described change as a three-stage process that consists of unfreezing, moving and freezing stage. During the unfreezing stage the organizations become motivated to change by some event or objective. The moving stage is like implementation when the organization actually makes the necessary change. Furthermore the freezing stage is reached when the change becomes permanent. Organizational change has also...