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Consequences of mass migration
An 2000 essay about malaria
Consequences of mass migration
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Koch believes that most health issues arise because of biological issues, and thus can only be cured with medical advancement. On the other hand, Virchow believed that the main cause of adverse health was because of poverty and biological principles. Both men have fantastic arguments, but to see which makes more sense in our modern world, we will have to delve into some real world examples. First we will take a look at an article on malaria, which is scholarly work by Packard. Secondly we will analyze a video on Guatemala’s new approach to health care. And lastly I will bring up a real world example on the Colorado Haiti Project. While looking at these three very different subjects, I will conclude whether these regions side with Koch or Virchow. First let us look at Packard’s articles that he wrote on malaria. Packard gave many examples of why and how malaria spread rapidly in some regions. The first examples are as follows, “The drought that damaged the crops and undermined peoples’ resistance to disease, the subsequent flooding that produced breeding conditions for local anopheline mosquitoes, and the mass migration of people in search of food who returned infected with malaria (Packard, 2).” In this example Packard states that the spread of malaria was a result of three specific actions. The first action was the drought, which was followed later by the flooding, and lastly mass migrations. All three of these things had to be in play in order for malaria to spread in the Archangel region. But the argument stands, who is right in this situation? Koch or Virchow. In the following example, I think that Virchow holds the upper hand. These people had a lack of wealth and government development, and because of that they were affec... ... middle of paper ... ... at the real world example about the Colorado Haiti Project, which also has the same outlook as our other examples, Virchow. In conclusion, I would like to say that biology is very important aspect for health in nations, but without structural integrity of the people and governments disease will always be on the rise. Works Cited Butterfoss, F. D., R. M. Goodman, and A. Wandersman. "Community Coalitions for Prevention and Health Promotion: Factors Predicting Satisfaction, Participation, and Planning." Health Education & Behavior 23.1 (1996): 65-79. Print. No Author. "Mission | Colorado Haiti Project." Colorado Haiti Project Mission Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. . Packard, Randall M. The Making of a Tropical Disease: A Short History of Malaria. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins UP, 2007. Print.
Paul Farmer was born in Massachusetts in 1959, went to Harvard Medical School, became a doctor, and ended up living and working in Haiti. He co-founded an organization in 1987 called Partners in Health (PIH). The philosophy behind the organization is that everyone, no matter who or where has a right to health care. Paul Farmer and PIH have already made amazing progress in Haiti, Peru, and several other countries, helping people get the care they need. PIH’s website lists a detailed history of they and Farmer’s work in Haiti. When Paul Farmer first came to Cange, Haiti as a medical student in 1983, the place was in shambles. In 1956, a dam was built on the Artibonite River, flooding the village and forcing the residents to move up into the hills. Many of these displaced villagers were still essentially homeless after nearly thirty years, and had little access to quality health care. With the founding of the Zanmi Lasante clinic later in 1983, Farmer and his friend Ophelia Dahl set the people of Cange on the road to recovery by providing access to doctors, medicine, and emergency care, all completely free. (“Partners”) One of Farmer’s focuses was on tuberculosis (TB) and has had much success on this front. Through new studies and methods such as active case finding and community health workers, as well as his work with multidrug-resistant TB, Paul Farmer has revolutionized treatment of tuberculosis in Haiti and around the world.
Swenson, Robert. “Plagues, History, and AIDS.” American Scholar 57.2 (1988): 183-200. Academic Journal. Web. 2 Dec. 2013.
J.R. McNeil 's Mosquito Empires: Ecology and War in the Greater Caribbean,1620-1914 is an attempt to explore imperial ambitions and colonial endeavors through the employ of an environmental history framework. McNeil 's argument is that the presence of disease carrying mosquitos was a determining factor in the establishment of colonial populations and European powers in the Caribbean. Through meticulous analysis of travel and medical accounts he reconstructs how environmental factors such as climate, the sugar cane industry, immigration of monkey populations, and population demographic and density would combine to create the ideal breeding ground for mosquitos. McNeil asserts that imperial ventures could be thwarted or sustained as armies, already
Haiti is a prime example of how human needs in one area of the world are interdependent with social conditions elsewhere in the world. Haiti, for most of its history has been overwhelmed with economic mismanage and political violence. While in Haiti Dr. Farmer discovers that his patients live in poverty, filth, pain and famine. Many of the Haitian residents will die young due to diseases or violence, especially when their own doctors are inexperienced and practice medicine in less than savory clinics. How do you deliver quality healthcare to a destitute area of the world when its residence, although may be cured of their disease, will return to no clean running water, an extreme lack of quality food and basic necessitates that majority of us take for granted, no safe shelters from disease carrying insects, and no means to protect themselves from airborne and sexually transmitted diseases. Returning to the same conditions that caused the diseases in the first place, without a change in the environment, can be viewed as a never ending battle.
McNeil WH. Plagues and peoples: a natural history of infectious diseases. New York: Anchor Press,1976.
The Minnesota Public Health Intervention Wheel is classified into five main categories and each category focuses on different levels of healthcare. The first category is surveillance, disease and health event investigation, outreach, and screening, which focused on monitoring and preventing diseases in a population. The second category is referral and follow-up, case management, and delegated functions, which focused on optimizing self-care capabilities of individuals, families, groups, organizations, and/or communities by promoting access of resources. The third category is health teaching, counseling, and consultation, which educates and establishes an interpersonal relationship with individuals, families, communities and systems. The fourth category is collaboration, collaboration, and community organizing that connect individuals and organizations to identify common problems and achieve community health. The fifth category is advocacy, social mark...
In 1976, the Death Penalty of Execution was reinstated in the United States by the U.S Supreme Court since then over 1,394 people have been executed, out of those people 1 out of 25 are innocent (Death PenaltyFacts). In the articles, “Death and Justice: How Capital Punishment Affirms Life by Koch” and “The Death Penalty by Bruck” both agree on how it is possible that the government could be wrong about a case as well as how the execution is handled in the public’s eye.
Malaria is a disease that is caused by parasites. It is transferred from one person to another by the infected female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria has been a serious health problem nowadays. WHO has provided the information that approximately 660,000 people died from malaria globally during 2010. Also, after estimating, there are 219 million cases of malaria infection in 2010 worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, being one the country that has the high rate of HIV, AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis, had 90% of the people that...
The healthcare of the poor in the US can provide information that can be useful in Haiti’s public health crisis. In specific, the inequalities and poverty that the poor have to face in the US can provide framework for Haiti’s public health crisis. Farmer discusses how medical treatment can be expensive for poor Americans, especially since there have been numerous advances in biomedicine that make treatment quite expensive. If poor Americans cannot afford access to treatment, then it is nearly impossible for Haitians to be able to experience quality care either. In the US, tuberculosis is common in homeless shelters and in prison, which tend to be crowded areas. In Haiti, tuberculosis is also common mainly because families tend to live together and interact with each other frequently (e.g., Annette Jean and her family). Since there are commonalities in both the US and Haiti, Haiti’s health crisis may be solved by applying strategies that allow the US poor to access quality healthcare. The US has the money to try different strategies, while Haiti does
While it is a nonfiction book and contains a healthy serving of scientific terms, The Next Pandemic also eases the reader into it by explaining the diseases and procedures in simpler terms and by providing relief from the science through personal stories of cooking halal in rural Congo, driving around Sierra Leone, and puzzling together clues to solve where an epidemic started, how to contain it, and how to prevent it from happening again. Khan equates national headlines about Ebola and Zika to canaries in a coal mine, arguing that they are only evidence of a larger problem with public health. By using familiar comparisons and raising alarm without causing panic, Khan brings awareness to the problems we face as a world in a memorable and factual
In the recent article, "Malaria epidemic hits southern Venezuela" found on the Associated Press web site, reporter Ian James focuses on the Malaria epidemic that has hit southern Venezuela this year, particularly gold miners. From the lead, there is a clear indication as to the tone and direction the reporter will take. In this case, James focuses on a straightforward approach by answering the five basic questions: who, what, where, when and how.
Preventing diseases is every countries’ responsibility, whether they are poor or rich. Poor countries lack the knowledge and the money to gain, and expand medical resources. Therefore, many people are not been able to be cured. For wealthy countries, diseases are mutating at incredible speeds. Patients are dying because drug companies do not have enough data to produce vaccines to cure patients. When developed countries help poor countries to cure their people, the developed countries could help underdeveloped countries. Since developed countries can provide greater medical resources to poor countries, people living in the poor countries could be cured. As for the developed countries, they can collect samples from the patients so that the drug companies can produce new vaccines for new diseases. When trying to cure diseases, developed countries and poor countries would have mu...
After the devastating earthquake of 2010, many health centers, hospitals, and government facilities were destroyed. Currently, they are being rebuild with the generous contribution of non-profit organizations such as the Clinton Foundation. Moreover, it is a unique opportunity for entrepreneurs and leaders like myself to make a contribution in the betterment of the Haitian’s economy and healthcare system. My objectives include advancing new research in health disparities and chronic disease prevention, developing new health policies, and improving public health practice in Haiti in order to remedy the political, economical, and cultural challenges. Thus, I am uniquely qualified to tackle these challenges because I am currently working with a team of experts from various fields in order to tackle these issues related to healthcare.
An idea of a healthy community with a safe environment, accessibility to preventive health care services and screenings, education on health promotion that is stress-free and accessible and healthier grocery stores. Characteristics of a healthy community are ideas, activities, and resolutions derived from partnerships of diverse groups, regular self-evaluation that is part of the practice, which is the focus. A diversity of strategies, techniques, documents, and other resources would have to be executed to support and make a healthy community. If an individual 's knowledge of a healthy community is different from his or her belief then community strategy must be put in place in order to begin to achieve the goal of improving health. Community strategy must be supported by the individuals who are working together in order to be successful (Matthew, et al, 2001). In order for a strategy to become effective, a consistent plan should be created with achievable goals within a community. Also individuals that are strong, inspired, and truthful and determined should also carry out the
Primary Health Care is crucial or vital care made globally attainable to individuals and families in the community by means they approve to, through their full contribution and at a cost that the community and country can manage. It forms a basic part both of the country’s health system of which it is the core and the inclusive of social and economic evaluation of the community. In other words primary health care targets on providing affordable, attainable and suitable services for the obstructive treatment and management of disease procedure. In 1978, the dispute of public health that is shielding the greatest level of health for the highest number of people formed the agenda for a meeting of public health representatives from 134 countries, universally . It was held in Alma Ata ( A city in the former USSR ) to build new ideas and new mottos in public health. Their focus was to authorize people to have command over decisions that affected their own health, families and communities. Also to reduce inequities. The promising statement for World Health Organization was “ Health for All ” (HFA). The paramount of Primary Health Care was aiding of proper nutrition and an adequate supply of safe water, basic sanitation, child and maternal care, including family planning, immunization against the major infectious diseases, prevention and stabilizing of endemic diseases, education empowerment, conquering health problems and methods of preventing and controlling them, and suitab...