Knowledge Acquisition Case Study

CHAPTER TWO

KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION AND REPRESENTATION

2.1 Overview

This Chapter presented a description of Knowledge Acquisition and Knowledge Representation in Expert Systems. This chapter will explain the knowledge Acquisition and Representation methods, production rules and frames. The section below explains the concept of Production rule, their training and learning. Also this chapter discusses methods of Knowledge Acquisition and Knowledge Representation.

2.2 Knowledge Acquisition

Information obtaining is the extraction of learning from wellsprings of mastery and its exchange to information base.

2.3 Difficulties in Knowledge Acquisition

The fact that the knowledge in an ES may appear in several sources is only one reason why knowledge

The knowledge engineer elicits knowledge from the expert and/or other sources and then codes it in the knowledge base. The process is shown in Figure 2.1 (Part a). Manual methods are slow, expensive, and sometimes inaccurate. Therefore, the trend is to automate the process.

2.4.2 Semiautomatic Method

Semiautomatic methods are divided into two categories: (1) those intended to support experts by allowing them to build knowledge bases with little or no help from knowledge engineers Figure 2.1 (Part b), and (2) those intended to help knowledge engineers by allowing them to execute necessary tasks in a more ef¬ficient and/or effective manner.

2.4.3 Automatic Method

In automatic methods the roles of expert, knowledge engineer, and builder are combined. For example, the induction method shown in Figure 2.1 (Part c) can be administered by a system analyst. The role of the expert is minimal and there is little need for a separate knowledge engineer. However, the term auto¬matic may be misleading. There is always going to be a human builder, but there may be little or no need for a separate knowledge engineer or expert. Figure 2.1. Method of knowledge acquisition

2.5 Knowledge Acquisition from Multiple

• Knowledge engineer itself becomes expert when it analyses expert's phrases under intercourse process with expert.

• Expert" independently loads knowledge base with the help of special software (for example, inductive inference program). This software in same measure executes the knowledge engineer's functions.

• Knowledge from literary sources is transferred into knowledge case with the help of text understanding programs (text recognition or identification programs).

2.7 Application of the ES in Business

Under classification on manual ways for knowledge acquisition one may select "direct" and "indirect" methods. Direct methc-da use: interviews, forms (questionnaires) ordinary observation, drawing of reserved curves, analysis with gradual logical