Klinefelter Syndrome Research Paper

Klinefelter Syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome is a common genetic condition affecting men that causes various complications to the male body and brain. Caused by a variation during meiosis, this then grows to a large complication through a patient’s life. The symptoms of this disorder are varied and hard to diagnose, leading to many cases left undiagnosed. Caused by a variation during meiosis, when cells are divided to foster genetic diversity, it is an extremely common conditions in men. Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an additional x chromosome in men, affecting their sexual development and leading to learning disabilities.

Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra X chromosome that leads to disabilities

in men and has a complex cause. This syndrome is caused when a male has an additional X chromosome with the regular X and Y chromosomes. Klinefelter syndrome occurs by a process called nondisjunction. This condition occurs by a process called nondisjunction. When chromosomes are wrongly allocated into the sperm of egg, it is known as nondisjunction. Nondisjunction is when, during egg or sperm formation(meiosis), a pair of sex chromosomes does not separate. When that sperm or egg with the extra X chromosome is joined with a normal egg or sperm, the zygote made by the two will have 3 sex chromosomes instead of the usual two. This zygote is then said to have a trisomy, which is simply a zygote with 3 copies of a chromosome, as such in Klinefelter's syndrome. After this step, according to the Genetic Science Learning Center, “As the baby develops, the extra chromosome is then copied in every cell”(passage 1). Additionally, nondisjunction that leads to Klinefelter syndrome has an equal chance of happening in either the father’s sperm or the mother’s egg. In some cases, the cells happen to divide prematurely, and consequently, the chromosomes do not separate and only a portion of the child’s cells has the extra X chromosome. However, this occurrence is extremely rare, materializing in around 10% of cases, and these mosaic cases are often nominal and mild, frequently going undetected. A mosaic case is a case of Klinefelter's that is a combination of XY and XXY cells. In all, Klinefelter syndrome has a distinct cause that could then lead to other conditions in a man’s life.

Klinefelter Syndrome, or XXY, is a serious condition that causes many disabilities and has a variety of symptoms that affects the body.

XXY is very rarely correctly diagnosed, and there are a multitude of symptoms and complications that it can cause. One of the main symptoms associated with Klinefelter's is infertility, because Klinefelter affects a male’s ability to produce sperm, and makes it so that the patient cannot have biological children. Alongside with affecting a male’s sexual development, Klinefelter negatively impacts a person’s learning ability by impairing many key functions. Stefan, a male diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome, described his disabilities to include, “Reading comprehension, abstract thinking, understanding of non-visual materials, word retrieval, some slight memory retrieval, auditory processing and the taking of standardized tests”(passage 2). Some other symptoms can also include, but are not limited to, physical changes such as wider hips, higher levels of belly fat, narrower shoulders, and even proportionally longer legs and arms. These specific individuals are also at a higher risk of developing certain medical disorders, comprising of type 2 diabetes, heart valve defects, or even varicose veins. Also, they could develop osteoporosis, which is having weak bones. Consequently, because they individuals have 2 X chromosomes, they are subjected to the same amount of risk of autoimmune disorders and breast cancer as other females. However, many people with Klinefelter syndrome are very good with technology and computer skills, sometimes aiding them in their schools or in the workplace, one its few positive effects. In all, Klinefelter's syndrome can cause many complications and creates a multitude of serious symptoms to the male

body.

Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition created by men having another X chromosome added to the normal one, that that later leads to complications in learning and development later in life. It is important to have a understanding about different genetic disorders so that our community as a whole can begin to have more respect and courtesy to those who have these syndromes. If we all could relate and cultivate a mutual appreciation for everyone, no matter their differences, the world would be a better place. Also, it is vital for scientists to have a strong understanding of these disorders so that they can better contribute to ridding the world of this terrible malady. In conclusion, we should all have a basic understanding of these diseases so that we can greater tolerate others differences.