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Identity and self-concept
Identity and self-concept
Essays on consciousness
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Kevin Kinghorn’s “Questions of Identity: Is the Hulk the Same Person as Bruce Banner?” reflects on the unanswered question of personal identity and what makes us who we are. Kinghorn references many different philosophers in trying to discover if Bruce Banner is the same as the big green Hulk. Kinghorn helps the reader visualize what he is thinking by placing the them in the Judge and Jury’s place in a criminal trial with Bruce Banner being accused of crimes committed by the Hulk. He starts out by asking questions to the reader and using the “bodily identity” to compare the two.
Kinghorn states that people tend to correlate “personal identity” and “bodily identity” as the same. He refutes this though, with the idea that the Hulk is not Banner on a physical level. That the hulk simply has more atoms and atoms of different variant. He backs his claim by giving himself as an example in an organ donor situation. He states that if he were to die and his limbs or organs were to go to another person, in which fifty percent or more was replaced, that the receiver of the donation would still be himself and not a new Kinghorn.
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Since Kinghorn says “bodily identity” is not a correct way to decide on a verdict in the case, the next step is to find out if the mental realm is a good place to look.
Kinghorn uses the philosophies of philosopher John Locke. Locke defines a person as, “a thinking intelligent being, that has reasons and reflection, and can consider itself as itself, the same thinking thing, in different times and places.” Kinghorn put Locke’s criteria to the test and is not convinced that the Hulk and Banner are the same yet. Kinghorn uses another philosopher, Thomas Reid, and his ideas on consciousness. Reid says that if there is not a connection between the mind of two people or even the same individual there is no way to prove they are the same. Kinghorn connects this to the Banner and Hulk question and is still looking for an
answer. Kinghorn now falls back on the scientific and philosophic ways of cause and effect. He says that the mind cannot be without the physical body and vice versa. Now he uses the cause and effect on Banner. He concludes that since the Hulk derives from Banner and Banner from Hulk that they must be the same person. But, Kinghorn finds a problem in that theory too. He introduces the aspect of cloning and a new conciseness getting created. Now you cannot say they are the same even though one came from the other. Kinghorn comes to the conclusion that the two individuals should be tried as one. This is because of Banner’s relationships he shares with the Hulk. The Hulk can recognize and recall certain people and actions wanted by Banner. Kinghorn ultimately leaves it up to the reader in the end to make their own decision on the criminal case.
Thomas King’s “Borders” is a very interesting story to read on as it is written wonderfully well with interesting characters involved in the story having played interesting roles through-out one after the other making sure the reader will not get bored out and keep them hooked up by arousing curiosity in the reader’s mind about what fate is decided on the kid’s mom. Just like the title says “Borders”, it really does not only mean the physical border between U.S.A. and Canada but also the border between one’s identity and his/her nationality which is understood only once when it is read. King through the kid’s mom tries to show us that identity and roots is above all as she protests constantly with the guards patrolling at the border makes us really wonder what really happens to her next.
The nature of humanity frequently masks and distorts an individual’s concept of their own true self-identity. By creating unique and controversial symbolic objects, Ralph Ellison conveys this notion in his novel Invisible Man. Ellison uses the symbolic objects the briefcase, the bank, and the Sambo doll to demonstrate the idea that human stereotypes, different ideologies, and an individual’s past all control personal identity. However, one can only discover self-identity if they give up interaction with these aspects of life.
Although the concept of identity is recurrent in our daily lives, it has interpreted in various ways.
In her work, “Identity,” Carla Kaplan frames the difficulty of defining the term “identity.” She argues that identity is a tension because personal identity conventionally arbitrates taste and lifestyle, while social identity is regarded as a constellation of different and often competing identifications or “cultural negotiations” (Kaplan, 2007). In addition, she argues that identity politics has caused “suspicion and criticism” by limiting new democratic possibilities by encouraging narrow solidarities rather than broader identification resulting in the struggle for recognition becoming a questioning of recognition (Kaplan, 2007). Lastly, she argues that “A realistic identity politics” is needed to recognize that identities are multiple/dynamic
Into the Wild, by Jon Krakauer is a realistic fiction novel about a man named Christopher Johnson McCandless who leaves society behind and goes on an adventure, eventually to die in his dream destination, Alaska. Chris McCandless abandoned his family, donated all of his savings to charity, only took a few possessions and walked into the wild. He met many influential people and went to different places that shaped him along the way. When he eventually made it to the place he had been planning to go, Alaska, he eventually died of starvation. Chris McCandless’s identity throughout the novel Into the Wild was shown through his actions, was shaped by his interests, and was also affected by his values and beliefs, though he often did not live up to them.
Identity is a huge topic that could go on for hundreds of pages; in fact, Solomon did. The concept of vertical and horizontal identity is unknown to many, yet very important. Sometimes, we do not belong in the vertical
Identity is primarily described primarily as what makes a person who they are. While it is seen as an individual asset, one’s identity can be shaped and persuaded not only by life experiences, but by society as well. Bryan Stevenson speaks on several controversial issues and proclaims certain societal problems and the typical behaviors noticed in response to them. How one approaches the issues that are spoken about may expose their true identity. Stevenson argues that how one reacts to racial inequality within the criminal justice system may regulate their identity. In addition to that, how dealing with the nation’s history may force a growth on one’s identity, eventually bringing peace and acceptance to the nation. Lastly, how one views the
Among carpenters, it is a well-known fact that building a house upon a solid foundation is imperative. When beginning the construction of a home, the foundation is always the first step leading to success, for without it, the house will become unstable. During extreme weather, such as floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, and other conditions, a slight fault in the foundation of a home will most likely guarantee significant damage, if not complete destruction. Similar to a house, a person’s identity must rest upon a firm foundation; otherwise, it may not be capable of withstanding the ominous conditions of the world. When trials and burdens threaten to crumble people’s identities, their foundations must stand their ground and overcome the various tribulations. Although there are billions of inhabitants of the world, no two people share the same identity; rather, each person has unique memories, stories, events, and artifacts influencing who they have become. Some people’s identities may reflect a difficult childhood of discrimination, poverty, and hatred similar to the one described by Malcolm X in his article, “Nightmare.” Other people may associate with Katie Pederson and her article, “Identity,” in which they are defined through a simple artifact such as an identification card. In addition, numerous unfortunate people may struggle from the devastating effects of memory loss similar to those Floyd Skloot experienced, and they are helpless as their memories and identity slowly slip away from them. Still other people may find themselves desperately searching for acceptance and identity similar to the homeless man in Gina Berriault’s article, “Who Is It Can Tell Me Who I Am.” Unlike the homeless man and Malcolm X, I was fortuna...
In the book, Into the Wild, by Jon Krakauer, Everett Ruess was a man who wanted to find his purpose in life by, leaving school, developing a new identity, and expressing himself and his joun in his letters. First, Ruess attended the Otis Art School and Hollywood High. “At the end of the summer, Everett returned home only long enough to earn a high school diploma, which he received in January 1931. Less than a month later he was on the road again..." Ruess started to travel solo at the age of sixteen. He began to hitchhike and trek throughout the U.S. and its national parks. “Except for a short, unhappy stint at UCLA (he dropped out after a single semester, to his father’s lasting dismay),” Ruess dropped out of college and he spent the rest
In terms of the mind, mental states globally supervene on physical states, meaning that there are no changes in the mental without changes in the physical. Identity theory is a
In his 1971 paper “Personal Identity”, Derek Parfit posits that it is possible and indeed desirable to free important questions from presuppositions about personal identity without losing all that matter. In working out how to do so, Parfit comes to the conclusion that “the question of identity has no importance” (Parfit, 1971, p. 4.2:3). In this essay, I will attempt to show that Parfit’s thesis is a valid one, with positive implications for human behaviour. The first section of the essay will examine the thesis in further detail, and the second will assess how Parfit’s claims fare in the face of criticism. Problems of personal identity generally involve questions about what makes one the person one is and what it takes for the same person to exist at separate times (Olson, 2010).
The only logical conclusion to derive from this observation is that what we consider to be ourselves is not our bodies. As a result, an individual’s personal identity cannot be rooted in just his or her body, unlike what body theorists would like to
One’s identity is established at birth when given a name. Often times, one’s identity can change throughout one’s lifetime. During adolescence, identity can be linked to playing a sport, an instrument, being involved in art, acting, singing, or some other hobby. As adulthood approaches, identity can be described as, but not limited to, the career path someone has chosen, or the family they may or may not have. In the novel Fight Club, written by Chuck Palahniuk, the narrator has a difficult time finding his true identity. In the novel the theme identity is discussed as the narrator discovers the truth about himself and who the real Tyler Durden is.
Locke and Hume both agree that memory is key to define personal identity. Locke believes that memory and consciousness define personal identity. While Hume’s thinks it is the source of personal identity, he does not fully agree with Locke and thinks that memory reveals personal identity, it does not create it. They both agree that there is a change; Locke understands that a person changes and what relates everything to who we are is
What is personal identity? This question has been asked and debated by philosophers for centuries. The problem of personal identity is determining what conditions and qualities are necessary and sufficient for a person to exist as the same being at one time as another. Some think personal identity is physical, taking a materialistic perspective believing that bodily continuity or physicality is what makes a person a person with the view that even mental things are caused by some kind of physical occurrence. Others take a more idealist approach with the belief that mental continuity is the sole factor in establishing personal identity holding that physical things are just reflections of the mind. One more perspective on personal identity and the one I will attempt to explain and defend in this paper is that personal identity requires both physical and psychological continuity; my argument is as follows: