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Gender issues in taming of the shrew
Shakespeare comedies features
Gender issues in taming of the shrew
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Lies and deception that consume William Shakespeare’s play are made out to be a joke in The Taming of the Shrew, yet the center of the comedy revolves around the most honest character on set. Katherine Minola, the first daughter of Baptista Minola, was only portrayed as “shrewd,” through other characters’ assuming perception of her persona (Shakespeare 1.2.91). Those characters openly criticize her throughout the play and treat her like an animal by not giving her any sort of acknowledgment. Furthermore, Katherine has no voice at the beginning because she was silenced by the stubborn patriarchal sovereignty that degrades the idea of a woman’s opinion, thus their society perceives Katherine’s outspoken nature to be shrewish. She understood that …show more content…
these men only heard what they wanted to hear, so Katherine went along and played out to be remarkably bold and harsh, the only interpretation of her that Shakespeare provides without giving Katherine’s own perspective. Katherine’s inability to gain listeners can explain why Shakespeare had drawn Petruchio another strong-willed character that rivaled Katherine’s rough attitude, into the picture.
Petruchio’s arrival not only marks new opportunities for Baptista to sell his most prized daughter, Bianca, which had allowed Bianca’s suitors to fully boast and appeal, and get rid of the despised Katherine, but also introduces an escape for Katherine to establish a new reputation. Petruchio sought to pursue Katherine through methods of positively taming her and his persistent personality lead them to accomplish Shakespeare’s joyous ordeal of marriage. The outspoken Katherine and selfish Petruchio were initially battling each other from opposite ends of their aberrant relationship, however as they discover parallel traits and succumb to one another’s schemes, their strange compatibility reveals that a shared passion is key to success in the ideal form of long …show more content…
companionship. In “The Good Marriage of Katherine and Petruchio,” by David Daniell, the author criticizes the Shakespeare’s purpose in conjoining the two eccentric characters together. Daniell accuses Petruchio to have treated Katherine as an animal in order to her to satisfy his and society’s expectations of an ideal wife. He also claims that Shakespeare’s purpose of the placing Petruchio and Katherine together was to support the “central metaphor of the play” that is “a shrewish woman is less than human, even less than a woman, do may be treated like an animal” (Daniell 329). With that notion in mind, Daniell asserts that Petruchio’s show towards Katherine was never sincere, rather it was simply to benefit himself by having an object that bends to his rule, like an animal. He concludes that the comedy is no longer humorous “when Petruchio begins to give Kate ultimatums, which I know he can and will enforce, that the play begins to give me a sinking feeling” (Daniell 330). For example, Petruchio further imposes his power over Katherine by “physical taming,” such as starving her after they got married and left for Petruchio’s house in the countryside because he has complete control over her there, representing Daniell’s declaration of their unfair relationship (Daniell 331). As Petruchio gained greater access to Katherine’s vulnerable side through patriarchal ideology, the Daniell pronounces in this article that Katherine had gradually lost her authentic voice, and began to lose herself as she conformed to social standards as Petruchio is the only one who gains through their marriage. However, there remains to be the possibility that Petruchio is not a character that stands against Katherine. He was the only one that was able to pierce through her false barrier of acting like a shrew because he had discovered that facade of hers due to his heavy persistence. Petruchio’s recognition that she is simply pretending to be what she is not because of a strong patriarchy in their society, transformed his initial goal from selfishness to developing a consideration of Katherine’s feelings and position. To Katherine, Petruchio is different in comparison to the other men in her life because it appears as if he has interest in her, he had never insulted her nor rejects her outright, but simply battles her brave and strong demeanor with his and even killing her with compliments in their first encounter. For instance, he proclaims to Baptista that “she’s not froward, but modest as the dove; She is not hot, but temperate as the morn,” which in turn shocks everyone, including Katherine (Shakespeare 2.1.310-11). He pursues to tame her by making her vulnerable to seeing their similarity in being unique and authentic, such as humiliating the both of them at their wedding by oddly dressing in rags and ditching the reception. Nevertheless, her walls do begin crumbling when he proudly announces “I choose her for myself” and that they will marry on a Sunday because she exits at the same time as Petruchio without a rebuttal (Shakespeare 2.1.321). Katherine’s unanticipated actions reveal that she is starting giving in to Petruchio’s plan, becoming less opposed against the idea that their marriage would cause her to be even more miserable than her current situation. As their bond strengthens, so does the theme of social expectations that these two characters further enhance through their bickering because of Katherine’s defiant language that goes against Petruchio’s words and signifies her maintained backbone in their marriage, despite the outside appearance of Petruchio having the upper hand. The couple’s compatibility is supported in “Neither a Tamer nor a Shrew Be: A Defense of Petruchio and Katherine” by Corinne S. Abate. The article insists that Katherine does not lose herself in a situation where she has no control, instead Abate pushes forth that Katherine had gained more stability and power than she did before her marriage to Petruchio. Katherine and Petruchio’s similar strong-willed personalities that isolate them from the rest of the characters allows her to speak and be heard, and have a partner whom stands by and guides her in faulting others’ misinterpretation of her. Rather than perceiving that Petruchio’s actions towards Katherine is of inhuman domestic training, Abate asserts that Katherine “understands that it is all a game. To win, she must attain for and by herself a constructed artifice and the knowledge that in creating an artifice, she is ironically achieving a more essential ontology in private” and Petruchio has made that opportunity available to her (Abate 305). Petruchio acknowledges her pitiful situation, “for it is only Katherine who can regain her agency that was so wrongly appropriated by her father and in the resulting, unjustified shrewish reputation she has had to bear,” so he attracts her attention and forces her mask to break for her to come out of the shell and truly display herself (Abate 305). Through their marriage, Katherine has finally found the power it takes to prove the accusers wrong, and she will do so with her husband’s help. As Daniell declares, Petruchio had unfairly starved Katherine, but in argument, when she exited that scene Petruchio had also left with her and did not eat as well because she did not, symbolizing equality in both roles. Abate proclaims that their reciprocating relationship concerns with the notion that Katherine provides him with the image of an obedient wife whom he can trust to boost his prominent reputation, a large dowry, and a partner whom he can The mutuality between the two inspires the idea of secrecy and isolation that separates the married couple from the rest of the world. They have spent a plethora of time with each other that the audience did not thoroughly follow, including their journey to Lucentio and Bianca’s wedding. Between their discovery of Lucentio’s father and their arrival at Baptista’s, the characters nor audience can perceive what they converse about. The possibilities range widely, however with Katherine’s sudden submissive outcomes, which baffled everyone, may lead to the assumption that they have sealed a secret deal that only they know of. Through analyzing Katherine’s shockingly reversed attitude about patriarchal sovereignty and female submission to males in the last act lead to both the characters’ and audience’s astonishment. Her sudden transformation can be taken as her final answer to Petruchio’s game, that she has accepted his provided opportunity to mock and revenge for her mistreated esteem. Though their brazen nature clashes, it also mends the two to form an ideal liaison.
By being dauntlessly audacious, Katherine’s truthfulness draws in Petruchio’s trust and devotion, and Petruchio’s security and boldness to go against the current for them both appeals to Katherine’s loyalty. She recognizes his trick in mocking the other characters and jumps in to humiliate them and gain their respect, such as Hortensio attempting to follow Petruchio’s footsteps. Petruchio helps her realize that she does not have to stand alone against a world filled with those who had refused to give her a chance to truly present herself, thus his respectable status helps her by being a partner who can make her look like the idea wife that disproves everyone’s initial perception of her. She could never prove them wrong because of the patriarchal ideology, and he gives her that opportunity by marrying-something others highly doubted. Kate provides Petruchio with dowry and a strong-minded wife whom he enjoys because she is honest to herself and does not conform. Furthermore, she also provides him the satisfaction of triumphing the other men with an ideal wife that he has seemingly molded her into through the powerful speech she addresses. Both characters share a secret understanding of what society desires and they help each other’s cruel satisfaction by mockingly representing that through their compatible
marriage.
find a wife. "I come to wives it wealthy in Padua; If wealthy, then happily in
“The Taming Of The Shrew” by William Shakespeare is a work of satire created to criticize the misogynistic outlooks of the 16th century. With this play, Shakespeare is trying to say that the idea and role of women in his society is deeply flawed and should be fixed, as well as to make other social commentaries, such as on the treatment of servants. Through exaggeration and parody, Shakespeare makes society look silly.
Baptista is looking for suitors to marry his daughters and views the marriage as a monetary transaction: "After my death the one half of my lands, and in possession twenty thousand crowns." (2.1 122-123). In this quote, Shakespeare is using the characterization of Baptista to demonstrate how women were viewed as nothing more than objects that could be sold. Baptista told this to Petruchio when he asked how much Kate was worth. In addition, Baptista was attempting to appeal to suitors: "Proceed in practise with my younger daughter; she 's apt to learn and thankful for good turns. Signior Petruchio, will you go with us, or shall I send my daughter Kate to you?" (2.1 165-168). Shakespeare uses Baptista to demonstrate how poorly women were viewed. Baptista is practically selling his daughters and attempting to make them more appealing to suitors, so much as offering to bring Kate to Petruchio. Throughout most of the play, Baptista is looking to marry off his daughters. "Faith, gentlemen, now I play a merchant 's part, and venture madly on a desperate mart." (2.1 345-346). Shakespeare uses Baptista to demonstrate once again the little value women have and how they are viewed as objects. Baptista is acting as a "merchant" when he is selling his
...ironic use of manipulation before and after the wedding, Petruchio is able to tame Kate. Or so he thinks. The only real change is that Kate agrees with him, but she only does this to get her way. Therefore she is manipulating him by pretending that he has been able to tame her. He has not tamed her, because she also utilizes the art of manipulation. Before, Kate’s only defense against patriarchy is to be outspoken; now, she negotiates her own sense of power within patriarchy by using manipulation. Shakespeare’s critic of the patriarchal social structure is therefore just, because not only are women denied the same legal power as men, but their manipulative power is also disregarded and considered a weakness. Therefore women are not to be blamed for utilizing this powerful form of control, because that is what the patriarchal social structure forces them into.
Patrick and Petruchio’s desire to date Kat or Katerina is influenced by money. In Taming of the Shrew Hortensio mentions that Katerina is a shrew, but Petruchio does not care because she is wealthy. Petruchio could have easily found another woman, but with money involved, Petruchio does what he can to “win” her love by attempting to talk with Katerina and eventually takes his time to try and tame Katerina. “When Petruchio first meets Baptista, Petruchio inquires about the dowry, once Baptista replies, Petruchio immediately demands to sign the contract.
In Shakespeare's comedy, The Taming of the Shrew, Shakespeare has a woman as one of the story's main characters. Katherine Minola (Kate) is off the wall, and kinda crazy. Because of her actions, the “male centered world” around her doesn't know what to do with her.
In this marriage Katherine has no power. She is verbally abused by Petruchio and denied what she needs. As said in the article,“ Kate is transformed after enduring the irrational world of Petruchio 's country house, where she is denied food, sleep, and fashionable accoutrements of her social class” (Karen 263). Katherine is tamed and she praises and respects him now that she is tamed. At the end of the play, when Katherine and Petruchio are at the wedding, Katherine is the only woman out of all at the wedding that actually listens to her husband when they all call their wives. Katherine ends up giving them a speech and telling them to respect their husband: “Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper, Thy head thy sovereign, one that cares for thee And for thy maintenance commits his body” (Shakespear V. ii . 162-164). She respects who he is and all the work that he does for her. Petruchio has the power in marriage because she respects him and his
Thorne, Sherri. "Shakespeare: Advocate for Women in The Taming of the Shrew." Http://www.hsu.edu/uploadedFiles/Faculty/Academic_Forum/2003-4/2003-4 AFShakespeare.pdf. Henderson State University Department of English and Foreign Languages, 2003-2004. Web. 10 Feb. 2014.
When someone is a female their first thought should not be weak or nurturing, just as when someone is male their first though shouldn’t always be powerful. Unfortunately it has becomes so ingrained in societies mentality that this is the way that things work. The Taming of the Shrew is a past writing piece that expands on a mentality that is modern. The male gender cannot be put into this same constraint. Petruchio is the epitome of what society would describe a male as. He thinks he is in charge and always the superior to women. He expects Katherine to always do what he tells her to do, because he believes that is her duty as his wife. Moreover he should not be expected to do that for her. Furthermore, Bianca is what many would describe as the perfect woman. She is nurturing and she does not speak out against what she is told. When she does speak she always speaks like a lady. She exists merely for decoration in the home and to serve her husband. Katherine is the inconsistency in this stereotype on femininity. Her purpose in the novel originally is to rebel against this biased thought on female gender roles. Katherine is not afraid to speak out against the things that she is told to do. If she disagrees with something she will act on it and she is just as strong as the men in the novel; which is why many of the men actually fear her. Katherine is not submissive and does not believe that the only reason that she exists is to serve a husband. Katherine does not want to be just the damsel in distress, she wants to be in charge. At the end of the novel there is a switch in the personalities of Katherine and Bianca. This alteration provides the purpose of showing that gender is not something that someone can be confined in just because they were born a female. A woman can have many different traits and still be feminine. It is impossible to put femininity in a box because there are no real qualities for what
...is not a normal relationship. Katherine doesn't actually love Petruchio and neither does Petruchio. Petruchio only married Kate for the money and because he wants a challenge, to try to tame Katherine. Their relationship is only for the money, and to prove that Kate can change from being a shrew.
Shakespeare, Wiliam, and Sylvan Barnet. The Taming of the Shrew. . Reprint. London: New American Library, 1998. Print.
Petruchio achieves his goal through witty persuasion rather than resorting to beating his wife like many a man before him has done. Though Shakespeare does not go as far as some feminists would like him to, Shakespeare does much for the fight for equality of the sexes. Katherine’s as strong, or stronger than any woman in Shakespeare’s plays. The amazing thing is that she achieves this without ulterior motives, such as Lady Macbeth. She is an honest, bright, independent woman.
In Shakespeare’s time women were looked upon as servants, their only job was to please their husband, as their husband was the superior one of the household. Likewise, that social construct led Shakespeare to having that construct bleed over into his play, The Taming of the Shrew, where Katherine and Petruchio represent the classic patriarchal household. This is perfectly represented in Act 5, Scene 2, lines 155-169, which is a part of Katherine’s speech aimed towards Bianca and the Widow at the end of the play. This speech is significant to the play as a whole because it shows how Katherine’s character changes over the course of five acts, how men would have been viewed in a Elizabethan society, and the influence of the societal ladder in
Hortensio, one of Bianca’s old suitors, also reaches Padua with his new wife, a wealthy widow. Everyone expects Katherine to be just as shrewish as she was before she was married to Petruchio. Even the widow refers to Katherine as a shrew. “Your husband being troubled with a shrew/ Measures my husband’s sorrow by his woe,” the widow states, calling Katherine a shrew and saying that she feels sorry for Petruchio (5.2.29-30). After the three women leave, Lucentio, Hortensio, and Petruchio wager that each of their wives is the most obedient. They each send for their wives, proving to be unsuccessful until Petruchio sends for Katherine. To everyone else’s astonishment, Katherine arrives obediently, and Petruchio wins the bet. Katherine then goes and fetches her sister and Hortensio’s widow wife. She reprimands them for not obeying their husbands. “Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper/ Thy head, thy sovereign, one that cares for thee/ And for thy maintenance commits his body/ To painful labor by both sea and land/ To watch the night in storms, the day in cold/ Whilst thou liest warm at home, secure and safe” (5.2.162-167). She explains that a woman’s husband protects her and supports her, living a life of danger and responsibility. In return, she says that the husband asks only for his wife’s kindness and obedience, which is “too little payment for so great a debt” (5.2.170).
One of the most wildly debated monologues in Shakespeare’s work is Katherine’s’ ending one from The Taming of the Shrew. Many have understood the final speech to be one of genuine submission while others read it as Katherine having control over the women in the room. It’s my belief, however, that this final speech is just Katherine getting in her two-cents in a way that won’t cause her to be tortured by her husband. Katherine hasn’t been wooed or changed into submission and in my opinion isn’t trying to get the upper-hand with the women in the room. She has been broken and is tired but not changed. Thus, she masks her true intentions with wit and subtext. This theory is supposed by many direct examples from the monologue itself.