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Kangaroo care is a method of holding a baby that involves skin-to-skin contact. It is defined as the way of “holding a preterm or full term infant so that there is skin-to-skin contact between the infant and the person holding it.” The baby, who is naked except for a diaper and a piece of cloth covering his or her back (either a receiving blanket or the parent's clothing), is placed in an upright position against a parent's bare chest. This snuggling of the infant inside the pouch of their parent's shirt, much like a kangaroo's pouch, led to the creation of the term "kangaroo care" (Cleveland Clinic).
There are many benefits of skin-to-skin contact or kangaroo care for mother and infant and there is even evidence of kangaroo care being beneficial
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The nurse should develop a close and trusting relationship with the mother and the entire family or whoever her support system is and let them know that the nurse is there to answer any questions or concerns that the mother might have (Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing). The nurse should educate the family on the benefits of kangaroo care and explain to them the importance of skin-to-skin contact and how to implement this contact on a day to day basis. Before the baby is born it is important for the nurse to talk to the mother about the importance of skin-to-skin contact and what they can expect in the moments following the birth of her child. The first contact that a newborn and a mother have is hopefully immediately after childbirth when the nurse places the infant on his or her mother’s bare chest. It is ideal for skin-to-skin contact to take place for at least 30 minutes out of the first hour after birth, but any skin-to-skin contact is beneficial. The nurse could also use skin-to-skin contact time to educate the mother on breastfeeding and helping the baby latch on to feed during this time (Nursing for Women’s Health). Skin-to-skin contact should be used more often than just for feeding times, it is beneficial to do even when the baby is sleeping for bonding purposes. Nurses can place the baby on the baby’s mother or father under a blanket for kangaroo care if the baby is a little cold, or if the baby has fast respirations but their oxygen saturation is normal, kangaroo care can help regulate respirations and possibly save the baby a trip to the NICU as well (National Center for Biotechnology Information). Communication, education and encouragement are three of the most important things a nurse can give to a new mother or any patient they might have. Patients, especially new mothers want to know that they can trust the person that is taking care of her and
Kangaroo care is the action of giving skin-to-skin contact with the parent. This is done by putting the baby in minimal clothing, usually just a diaper, and placing the baby skin-to-skin to the bare chest of the parent. There have always been positive effects to kangaroo care. Some of the positive effects of it are temperature regulation, respiration, and the stabilization of the baby’s heart rate. It is also found to help with bonding and helping with breastfeeding. When the parent performs kangaroo care, they hold the baby and are more confident when they leave the hospital. Kangaroo care is for most babies. Pre-term babies also have good results with kangaroo care.
Nurses play a big role in supporting the parents while their child is in the NICU. Showing compassion and demonstrating caring actions when caring for the patient makes it more likely that the parents will trust the nurse and the information the nurse gives them regarding their child’s condition. This trust is important as it helps the parents feel confident in the decisions they are making about their child’s care. When the parents of an ill child in the NICU have decided to terminate treatment palliative care by the nurse and other healthcare providers comes into play. Palliative care is keeping the child comfortable by treating the symptoms and being there for the parents and child physically, emotionally, and spiritually (Eden & Callister, 2010).
Looking at the development stages from Erik Erikson for the first stage infancy: basic trust vs. mistrust this is where the infant learns to trust or not to trust others by the care the infant receives or not receives (Christensen & Kockrow, 2011). Care for an infant is the basic need such as being fed, cleaned, and the most physical contact (Christensen & Kockrow, 2011). Being in the NICU it is hard on the parents as well the infant because there is a lack of bonding at first because all the risks to critical preterm infant. This causes the nurses to closely keep an eye on the infant and take care of the infant till the infant is strong enough and then the parents would be able to help. The NICU is a high stress environment that can cause the preterm infant to become depressed because the lack of contact (Woodward et al., 2014). Touch is very important for an infant it creates a bond with its caregivers this is why there is high promotion to breast-feeding to create secure attachment. Breast-feeding promotes social bonds with the mother and child that can build a connection as well trust (Flacking, Ewald, Nyqvist, Starrin, 2006). With premature babies breast-feeding is a problem because the baby is either in the NICU or in an incubator. So usually a nurse has to bottle-feed the infant at first till the parents are allowed to help with the
He also suggested drying the neonate and providing tactile stimulation to encourage breathing, and covering with a dry blanket to maintain warmth. If after thirty seconds of tactile stimulation, the neonate’s breathing is not sufficient, paramedics should follow protocol for newborn resuscitation, see appendix (L) (QAS, 2014; Saunders, 2012). If the neonate is breathing adequately, leave the newborn with the mother and encourage breastfeeding, which stimulates the nipple resulting in a release of oxytocin which promotes uterine contractions (Stables & Rankin,
Neonatal nursing is a field of nursing designed especially for both newborns and infants up to 28 days old. The term neonatal comes from neo, "new", and natal, "pertaining to birth or origin”. Neonatal nurses are a vital part of the neonatal care team. These are trained professionals who concentrate on ensuring that the newborn infants under their care are able to survive whatever potential life threatening event they encounter. They treat infants that are born with a variety of life threatening issues that include instances of prematurity, congenital birth defects, surgery related problems, cardiac malformations, severe burns, or acute infection. Neonatal care in hospitals was always done by the nursing staff but it did not officially become a specialized medical field until well into 1960s. This was due to the numerous advancements in both medical care training and related technology that allowed for the improved treatment and survival rate of premature babies. According to the March of Dimes, one of every thirteen babies born in the United States annually suffers from low birth weight. This is a leading cause in 65% of infant deaths. Therefore, nurses play a very important role in providing round the clock care for these infants, those born with birth defects or other life threatening illness. In addition, these nurses also tend to healthy babies while their mothers recover from the birthing process. Prior to the advent of this specialized nursing field at risk newborn infants were mostly cared for by obstetricians and midwives who had limited resources to help them survive (Meeks 3).
At Cook Children’s Hospital, NICU parents are not only seen as the parents of the infants, but they also incorporate them as part of the team. Parents are highly encouraged to spend as much time as they possibly can with their premature infants, to have physical contact with them by giving them kangaroo time, which allows parents to have skin-to-skin contact with their infant, as soon as the infant reaches the stage in which he or she is a suitable candidate to be in physical contact with their parents. Siblings who are over 3 are allowed to visit their siblings at the NICU at specific times of the day, and child life specialists help siblings understand what is going on with their baby brother or sister who is in the NICU. If they have any specific questions, the child life specialist is there to assist them. Families are referred to other institutions that will be able to help them if their facilities aren’t able to fulfill their needs. One of the institutions that...
Since neonatal nursing is my special interest and field, I chose to write about the health care options which are available to parents having children in different hospitals throughout the world. With the state of the art technological advances in the neonatal units, there are so many options available for the care of newborn babies. I reviewed the neonatal units in Australia, Saudi Arabia, New York, Tokyo, Ireland, and California, and I have learned what It takes to run a neonatal intensive care unit all around the world.
Kain, V. (2006). Palliative care delivery in the NICU: what barriers do neonatal nurses face?. Neonatal Network: NN, 25(6), 387-392.
Neonatal nursing is a very challenging field which requires a lot of education before you can become certified. A person’s education has to be backed up by many certifications before even coming close to holding a baby. The expert has the job of supporting loved ones of the infant while they are feeling upset or overwhelmed. Also the expert has the responsibility of showing parents how to properly care for their infant.
After birth, babies immediately begin to establish a bond with his or her caregiver (BOOK). There are instances, such as childbirth complications or sickness; where infants are taken away from the mother immediately after birth. In sterile hospital settings, researchers have determined attachment activities, such as singing, “encourages the infant to strive towards maintaining homeostasis and internal equilibrium”. (A). By fostering attachment, the hospital “ultimately contributes to the infant’s psychological and physical development” (A). The child is able to receive warmth and empathy from the mother, ultimately increasing survival and stimulating physical development. (A)
..., L. L., Groer, M. W., & Younger, M. S. (2003). The behavioral effects of gentle human touch on preterm infants. Nursing Science Quarterly, 16(1), p60-67. Retrieved from http://www.capellauniversity.edu/library/12593316
...Weller, Aron, Sirota, Lea & Eidelman, Arthur I. (2003). Testing a family intervention hypothesis: The contribution of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact (kangaroo care) to family interaction, proximity, and touch. Journal of Family Psychology, 17, 94-107. doi:10.1037/0893-3200.17.1.94
Introduction to Maternity & Pediatric Nursing, Fourth Edition; Gloria Leifer, MA, Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA).
This week’s clinical experience has been unlike any other. I went onto the unit knowing that I needed to be more independent and found myself to be both scared and intimidated. However, having the patients I did made my first mother baby clinical an exciting experience. I was able to create connections between what I saw on the unit and the theory we learned in lectures. In addition, I was able to see tricks other nurses on the unit have when providing care, and where others went wrong. Being aware of this enabled me to see the areas of mother baby nursing I understood and areas I need to further research to become a better nurse.
Interest in the care of newborn babies has seen many different changed over the past century. It began in the late 1800s as attempt to support small and fragile premature babies using modified incubators, which were designed for the use of chickens but ended up using to keep premature babies warm. The care of newborns moved through many exhibits and into the 1900s. 1930-1950 in-hospital nurseries arose people to focus on the care of new born babies.