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Discrimination against women at work
Gender roles and social norms
Discrimination against women at work
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Just one of the Guys? How Transmen make gender visible at work by Kristin Schilt asserts that female-to-male transsexual (FTMs) as transgender can experience gender inequality in workplace with an outsider-within perspective on society which bases on patriarchal culture. Cultural beliefs toward gender disparity between males and females are already ingrained in the different structures of workplace that advantage for men, on the other hand, disadvantage for women. In other words, tall and white FTMs are more likely to experience more advantages in workplace than short or colored FTMs, which bring up male’s gender characteristics such as race, body structure advantage with gender characters than female’s characteristics in society.
The issues involved in Kevin’s case starts with his family values. Kevin seems to thrive on the attention he’s getting from his peers during school. The problem is its negative attention because it’s encouraging him to engage in negative behaviors during class. Kevin is narcissistic he feels as if he’s above the rules at school and in a way, he is because his parents have been preventing him from receiving consequences for his behaviors. Kevin’s parents are enabling these negative behaviors by defending him.
In Kimmel’s essay “’Bros Before Hos’: The Guy Code” he argues that the influence of society on masculinity is equal to or greater than biological influences on masculinity. In the essay, Kimmel uses various surveys and interviews to validate his argument. He points to peers, coaches, and family members as the people most likely to influence the development of a man’s masculinity. When a man has his manliness questioned, he immediately makes the decision never to say or do whatever caused him to be called a wimp, or unmanly. Kimmel’s argument is somewhat effective because the readers get firsthand accounts from the interviewees but the author does not provide any statistics to support his argument.
Transitions in life come in many forms. Some people may graduate from high school and move out for college. Other people get married and buy their first house. Although all of these examples seem fairly ordinary, some transitions that people may go through are not as common. In the book Just One of the Guys? by Kristen Schilt, Schilt depicts the truth behind gender inequality in the workplace from the perspective of transgender men who were once biological women. Through their transition, these people experienced natural difference schemas, inequality depending on race and class, and differences between stealth and open transitions.
In class, we talked about how transgender people face many hardships today and are a highly discriminated group in America. In this article however, the author uses transgender men to prove a point. Prokos states that before the man transitioned, he was not treated as well in the work place when he identified as women. Discrimination can also be based on race, class, and cultural backgrounds of people rather than just discrimination based on
For this first journal entry, I have chosen to address Judith Lorber’s paper “Night to His Day.” A number of points made throughout the entire article paralleled ideas and concepts I was familiar with due to previously taking a Psychology of Women course at WSU. A few of these points included: West and Zimmerman’s notion of “doing gender,” the idea that men who enter traditionally female-dominated fields lose prestige, the case of David Reimer (Lorber refers to him as “the accidental transsexual”), and the fact that women still do the majority of child-rearing—even if she works full-time. In addition to previous course connections, the part of the paper which recounts how “gender blending” women have been expelled from women’s bathrooms struck a chord with me. I recently donated to a campaign calling for funds to build a gender-neutral bathroom at a school with a high enrollment of trans students. It saddens me when a human being is subjected to judgment or harassment, especially when it comes to something as basic as using the restroom. Finally, I found the idea that a woman could b...
Novelist, Christina Hoff Sommers, in her narrative essay, “The War Against Boys”, the essay explains of how boys are a year and a half behind girls in education. Sommers purpose is to convey the idea that girls are not treated as boys are when it comes to the classroom. She creates a dramatic tone in order to convey to her readers that boys and girls have a different mindset. She also arguers about how some of the blame is towards Carol Gilligan as well as organizations such as the National Organization for Women for creating a situation in which Obstacles on the path to gender justice for girls and boys are resented, both as the unfairly privileged sex.
Particularly in this video, Kimberle Crenshaw mentioned an employment discrimination case. Emma is the name of the African American woman who was discriminated in her job. Emma who came from a minority group was seeking better opportunities for her family, so she applied for a job in a factory. However, she was not hired because of gender and race discrimination. She is one of many people who come from minority groups which are not only discriminated against because of their gender, but also because of their race. Basically, we always take into account that a person is discriminated against by only one factor, however, in this case Kimberle Crenshaw emphasizes how Emma was being discriminated different compared to the African American males and white women’s working inside the factory. Although the men remained in the same ethnic group as Emma they were not discriminated against at the same level of an African-American woman. Therefore, Emma suffered what Kimberle Crenshaw called double discrimination. Unfortunately not only women are typically those who suffer sexism but also other groups in our society. Such is the case of transgender people. It is here when we can see how discrimination exceeds more complicated levels when compared to the discrimination and inequality that cisgender people face. For instance, society ignore how transwomen
The eye opening article utilized for this analysis is titled, “Trans Women at Smith: The Complexities of Checking ‘Female’” ,written by contributing writer, Sarah Fraas on August 24, 2014 (pg 683-685). Fraas starts off by introducing the audience with a school that accepts trans women, Mills College, and talks about how glorious this decision is. The author then begins to talk about other schools not as accepting as Mills, especially Smiths College. She spews many facts and analysis on the issues trans women face today throughout the article including how transgender women are not gaining enough support to succeed, most transgendered women are neglected in school, and the fact that many have been accused of being a woman for the “wrong” reason. She also mindfully includes the image of a woman of color holding up a sign saying, “Support your sisters, not just your CIS-ters!”. The author utilizes this image to show people that we are all one whether we
The Tough Guy Case Study examines the employees of investment bank Hudson Smith Gordon (“Hudson”) and their reactions to the behavior of one of its vice presidents, Chip Mazey (Yemen & Clawson, 2007). This analysis will discuss the issues of unresolved conflict among Hudson employees and possible remedies to consider. Recommendations will be provided which should be implemented by Hudson management to minimize conflict and its effects in the workplace.
Intersectionality is a term used to describe a situation whereby an individual has multiple identities and as result, the person feels that he or she doesn’t belong to one community or another. Because of the many conflicts in an individual’s identities, he or she could be a victim of multiple threats of discrimination (Williams, 2017). The discrimination could be a result of race, gender, age, health and ethnicity among others. To give an example, a black transgender woman could be discriminated in the workplace because of being black and also because she is transgender. From an intersectionality perspective, the woman faces multiple threats of discrimination because of the overlapping identities of gender and race and therefore the transwoman faces a bigger struggle (Barber, 2017). Transwomen of color will most likely encounter prejudices in the form of homophobia, racism or sexism in many dimensions of their life. The perspective of intersectionality is not only applicable to women but it can also be applied to males. For example, a gay Latino man could be discriminated based on race because he is an immigrant into
The Ridgeway concept of gender as a frame and background identity also designates power and agency of groups in establishing and enforcing the cultural knowledge and norms applied in the construction of identity within interactions and relations. Deutsch shifts agency back to the individual while examining the concept of undoing gender. Her research finds that attempts to undo gender and challenge the legitimacy of the sex binary are undertaken by individuals in interactions. Individuals can seek change and gains towards equality by reclaiming agency and actively rejecting gender norms and expectations in their interactions. Connell’s research on transgender individuals in workplaces also explores the agency of individuals who attempt doing, undoing and redoing gender. She finds that only undoing gender is the agency of the individual and that many transgender people challenge sex but reinforce gender norms in their interactions. Social groups and institutions have the power and agency over individuals doing gender. The power to inform cultural norms and expectations still belongs to the groups and institutions when individuals undo gender but the individuals express agency in their attempts to undo gender and challenge the binary
Grant, Jaime M., Ph.D., Lisa A. Mottet, J.D., Justin Tanis, D.Min., Jack Harrison, Jody L. Herman, Ph.D., and Mara Keisling. Injustice at Every Turn: A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey. Rep. National Center for Transgender Equality and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force, 2011. Web. 22 May 2014.
In our society most men are likely to obtain higher paying jobs and are able to continue working even after becoming parents, whereas, majority of women obtain lower paying jobs and having to choose between being a parent and having a career. After reading the plays of Top Girls by Caryl Churchill and Hosanna by Michael Tremblay, I discovered that gender played a major role in how men and women are treated in society. The characters in these two plays challenges the gender norms, and therefore, I will argue that women are not treated equally in the workplace; that people who are of the queer community are considered to be inferior and less worthy of being accepted within the public sphere.
Because America views gender in only two categories, people who upset the binary are subject to mass discrimination by members of the general public, causing them to lose their homes, jobs, or life savings. For example, in a study of Northeastern business students, 34 percent gave a hostile response when approached with a situation regarding a transgender employee. Each student was given the same scenario where a female employee was uncomfortable sharing the bathroom with a male-to-female transitioning co-worker. Of the 194 students, only 27 percent gave an inclusive response, making all restrooms gender neutral (Rudin 726). The study exemplifies how transgender individuals are misunderstood and discriminated against in the workforce and even in the broader society. It is shown that transgender people are more mentally secure when they exist in a society that accepts their identity. Michael, a transgender man, cites the importance of support networks and the assistance that comes with it. His mom is “still pretty hostile about” his gender identity, which has affected his life negatively and has made it harder for him to talk to her openly (Dentice
Another trivial issue within transgender discrimination is workplace discrimination. Gay and transgendered individuals continue to face widespread discrimination in the workplace (Burns). Studies have shown that almost ninety percent of transgendered workers report some form of harassment or mistreatment on the job (Burns). Workplace abuse poses an immediate threat to the economic security of transgender workers (Burns). The passing of the Employment Non-Discrimination act, or ENDA can help ease the troubles of workplace discrimination for members of the LGBT community (Burns). The passing of the ENDA will help ensure that all Americans are judged in the workplace based off of their skills, qualifications, and quality of their work (Burns). The Williams institute on Sexual Orientation and Law and Public Policy conducted a number of surveys to determine the