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The concept of postmodernism
An essay on postmodernism
The concept of postmodernism
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Introduction The notion of postmodernism has rapidly made its way to the front and center of our social discussion topics. The question that must be asked concerning this erroneous view from the premise is, ‘How does anyone think this logically and pragmatically could be an idea which they could hold firm to?’ The idea of postmodernism guarantees that there are no guarantees. In other terms, postmodernism boldly states that there is a solid truth that the earth is incapable of boldly producing statements of solidified truths. Straight from the premise of this fallacious idea we see a landslide of incoherence and an overwhelming sense of vacillation at the very foundation. Also found in the ideas of postmodernism is the idea of relativism. While postmodernism claims that there are no proven absolutes, relativism claims that the reason for no absolutes is that individuals create their own rules. In essence, the idea of relativism says that that which one person believes is only applicable to the life of the next person if he or she wishes for it to be relative to them. John Piper alludes to the topic of relativism in …show more content…
his article The Challenge of Relativism, saying, “This is the essence of relativism: No one standard of true and false, right or wrong, good or bad, beautiful and ugly, can preempt any other standard.
No standard is valid for everyone.” What Pastor John Piper is essentially saying here in his article is that relativism boldly proclaims that no one standard can
truly be set for all living organisms. In saying this, John Piper vividly captures the focal points of relativism, bringing to life the reality that particular groups of people are entirely disconnected from the living God, so much so to the point of denying any truths to be pertainable to any large amount of people. Piper brings to life the folly of such ideas in his work, as do the contributors to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, who state that, “There is no clear distinction, then, between the natural and the artificial in experience.” This is to say that, because of the theory of postmodernism, life can no longer be divided into the superficial and the realistic. It can only be determined by each individual. This is the matter with which we are to deal with on a daily basis and discern whether or not it is plausible for mankind to place his trust in its dogma. Summary Perhaps the most imperative part of dealing with any religious theory is deciding whether or not it is coherent. In order to discern whether a theory which brazenly states that no theories can be accepted as true, one must determine how it answers many preliminary questions concerning the nature of mankind, the reality of a higher entity, and issues regarding the universe and the supernatural world. Though difficult to handle when discussing a topic which denies any truths, postmodernism does in fact hold its ground when it comes to important questions concerning the preceding issues. When answering the question of what God is like, postmodernism has very explicitly stated that God is nonexistent. To the postmodernist, to hold to the idea of an unwavering God characterized by such attributes as omnipotence and holiness and benevolence would be to completely deface the notion of postmodernism and uproot it from its foundations, for believing in any sort of unwavering higher entity would be to believe that something is true and must be true for all of humanity. Scripture explicitly says that God is the ultimate source of truth, but to the postmodernist there is no ultimate truth; there is only what you believe to be true for you as an individual. Wayne Grudem suggests in his book Systematic Theology that because of the fact that Scripture is inerrant in all that it says, the God that the Bible speaks of must also be true and pure. Grudem says in his chapter concerning the inerrancy of Scripture that, “The inerrancy of Scripture means that Scripture in the original manuscripts does not affirm anything that is contrary to the fact,” which simply goes to say that Scripture will never contradict itself, so whenever it suggests that there is a God, it must be true and it will never say otherwise. Even despite the Bible’s explicit claims to be correct in its statements of the existence of a God, postmodernists deny all claims in order to hold firm to the belief that no truth can be eternal and true for all cultures. Secondly, the postmodernist has no real answers regarding what the universe is. “Any possibility of exposing error or falsehood must be abandoned as untenable, since analyses of propaganda would contain no greater ‘truth’ value than the propaganda they purport to analyze,” said David N. Gibbs in his article Is There Room for the Real World in the Postmodernist Universe?, where he debunks the ideas of the postmodernist, calling their ideas ludacris and contradictory of themselves. The postmodernist simply denies that the universe has any real rhyme or reason to it. The universe to him is as essentially structureless and void of any form. Genesis accounts for the world as being void prior to creation, but explicitly claims that God spoke words which brought into existence all of life, including the structure of life forms. However, the postmodernist remains in disbelief regarding the fact that God has given life a particular form of structure. Included in the postmodernist view of the universe is their erroneous view of human life, which says that humans have no real structure and, therefore, have no real reason for existence apart from furthering their knowledge of scientific studies. Humans to the postmodernist are gods of their own lives.
Postmodernism movement started in the 1960’s, carrying on until present. James Morley defined the postmodernism movement as “a rejection of the sovereign autonomous individual with an emphasis upon anarchic collective anonymous experience.” In other words, postmodernism rejects what has been established and makes emphasis on combined revolutionary experiences. Postmodernism can be said it is the "derivate" of modernism; it follows most of the same ideas than modernism but resist the very idea of boundaries. According to our lecture notes “Dominant culture uses perception against others to maintain authority.”
Conventionalism is the only view of ethical relativism that grounds morality in the group or culture. Pojman states that conventionalists focus on the morality of their own culture, and do not need to concentrate on the culture of others. For example, a young individual in the United States who was raised in a certain religion, and chooses to have premarital sex. In the eyes of their religion they are wrong for their decision, but in the open-minded attitude of the U.
Postmodernism movement which began in the 1950’s and still prevails today, is the successor of Modernism. Postmodernism, in contrast to Modernism, seeks to challenge authority as a whole, refutes any belief in absolute truths, regards hierarchal power as distrustful and seeks to establish an approach in
Moral relativism maintains that objective moral truth does not exist, and there need not be any contradiction in saying a single action is both moral and immoral depending on the relative vantage point of the judge. Moral relativism, by denying the existence of any absolute moral truths, both allows for differing moral opinions to exist and withholds assent to any moral position even if universally or nearly universally shared. Strictly speaking, moral relativism and only evaluates an action’s moral worth in the context of a particular group or perspective. The basic logical formulation for the moral relativist position states that different societies have empirically different moral codes that govern each respective society, and because there does not exist an objective moral standard of judgment, no society’s moral code possesses any special status or maintains any moral superiority over any other society’s moral code. The moral relativist concludes that cultures cannot evaluate or criticize other cultural perspectives in the absence of any objective standard of morality, essentially leveling all moral systems and limiting their scope to within a given society.
Relativism is the belief that there is no absolute truth, that the only truth is what an individual or culture happen to believe. People who believe in relativism often think different people can have different views about what's moral and immoral. Cultural relativism, like moral relativism, filter through today's society. People often believe that as long no one gets hurt, everything will be okay. Realistically, the truth about relativism has been discarded along with God.
Over the past thirty years, generations understand the world around us is made up of worldly views and patterns of thoughts that inform the culture. Postmodernism informs more of the current culture than of the past, and plays a major role in media, politics, and religion. Postmodernism relies more on experience rather than specific principles, knowing that the outcome of one’s experience will be relative than universal. Postmodernism implies a shattering of innocent confidence in the capacity of the self to control its own destiny. These are some characteristics that researchers find important?
The Challenge of Culture Relativism written by James Rachels argues the downsides and upsides to the idea of Cultural Relativism. This is the idea of Cultural Relativism: the principle that an individual human 's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual 's own culture. It was established as axiomatic in anthropological research by Franz Boas in the first few decades of the 20th century and later popularized by his students.
Cultural Relativism states that there is no objective right or wrong. Right or wrong are defined by your society’s moral code. I will provide reasons why we should not be cultural relativists. My reasons include; how it affects philosophy, the Cultural Differences Argument, examples of why it doesn’t work and societal needs.
Cultural relativism is perfect in its barest form. Even though many peoples have many different beliefs and many of these people believe that their own moral code is the only true one, who can say which is better than another? This is the struggle that cultural relativism sets out to permanently resolve. It seems as if cultural relativism could bring about natural equality among groups of differing beliefs. After all, no one belief can be qualified (attributed) as being superior or better than any other belief. ...
Social constructionism can been seen as a part of the postmodern ideology, the concept behind the postmodern concept is that reality stresses and builds upon worldviews by individuals in a dialectic interaction with society at a time. Dialectical interaction with society at given point in time. This theory assumes that knowledge is not developed within the individual. This theory assumes that human beings rationalize their experiences and knowledge by forming a model of the functioning social world, this theory also assumes language is the most important aspect by which they construct reality. Several theorists talk about the concept of religion as not being cultural or universal but has emerged because of historical and political conditions.
I would like to explore one of the questions posed to us by Professor which is “How can we make the positive aspects of postmodernism work in our favor?” Or even more specifically, the positive and neutral elements of postmodernism, work in the favor of the Christian worldview and thought. We will start by first exploring the basic tenants of postmodernism and a brief history of where it has been and where it is currently, revealing multiple advantages for the Christian worldview in the engagement of a postmodern.
Foremost, Cultural Relativism was developed in the 20th century by Franz Boas, in opposition to the concept of ethnocentrism, or belief in the superiority of one’s own
The cultural relativism principle acknowledges that there should be a respect between cultures. This comes from the point of the theory that tries to “avoid making value judgments about the beliefs and customs of the people they [anthropologists] study, even tho...
Postmodernism assumes an ontology of fragmented being. Where modernism asserts the primacy of the subject in revealing universal truth, postmodernism challenges the authority of the subject and, thus, universal truth based on it. Modernism and postmodernism, however, draw upon distinctly different epistemological modes: critical and dogmatic.
Conceptual relativism is concerned with truth and knowledge and belongs specifically with the ability of the human mind to construct different realities, people have different versions of realities but there is no one reality as is the same with truth there is no one absolute truth there are only truths. (Lazar 1998)Many authors have described the nature of this in their own languages and this has bought about many different views of conceptual relativism. It was Daniel Little’s belief that conceptual relativism was concerned with the fact that as the world is separated into so many different countries, cultures, religions and beliefs. It would not be possible to only have one theory on the structure of everything inside the world, for all individuals think differently, how can one theory be more plausible than another. (Lazar 1998) Peter Winch had a more radical view and argued that Science had absolutely nothing to do with explanations on what existed. He stated that human beings are more than just physical objects and that if human action was not being understood from the inside, how could the social sciences understand human action at all. He went on to say that the majority of sociology was not in fact a science it was a masked type of philosophy. Winch’s claims against the social sciences caused problems and some ethnomethodological sociologists changed the way they studied society and developed a non scientific route. (Lock 2010)However rationalists such as Popper reject the idea of relativism as he believed that unless all individuals shared the same framework of basic knowledge, there could never be agreements made. (Benton 2001)