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Racism in Sports in the 1940's-1950's
How racism shaped sports
Racism in Sports in the 1940's-1950's
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Jesse Owens was born on September 17 1913 in Oakville Alabama. As a youngster he was a grandson of a slave so he had to plant cotton and do other jobs because of the color of his skin. But what if Jesse turned his life around to do such an amazing and so memorable career. Jesse moved to cleveland when he was about 9. He moved to get away from slavery. Jesse had very major health issues as a kid. He always had issues with Pneumonia and Chronic bronchial congestion. It was not till he had a huge bump on his chest that would not stop swelling. But Jesse is just a nickname for his official name is James Cleveland. But people just called him J.C. When on one of the first days at his school at Cleveland, his teacher asked for his name, and he said his nickname J.C. But the teacher thought he said Jesse with his accent, so the name Jesse stuck. So that is how the name Jessie was started. He was one of six brothers and he also had three sisters! His parents were Emma and Henry Owens who were two loving parents. When he was in Junior high he was shattering records and that's when he realized that's what he needs to do. …show more content…
He obviously took the scholarship. He shined at Ohio State. He was so good and he destroyed everyone. In 1935 at the Big Ten championships he too first in all four of his events. He did so good that he got to go to the Olympic time trials. He made it to the 1936 Olympics in Berlin Germany under racist Nazi rule. He gets there getting called very racist names. Hitler protested that he could compete. But the Olympic committee obviously allowed him. In his only four events he competed in he got gold! He deleted all of the odds to defeat everyone in his path. Coming back he gave America a sense of power and hope that they could beat the awful Nazi and Hitler. And they did. So in a way Jesse Owens helped the USA get fuel to beat the
Jesse was wounded while surrendering. He took a bullet through one of his lungs. He was nursed back to health and within a year, Frank and Jesse are believed to have pulled off the first daylight bank robbery during peacetime. They made off with $60,000 from the Liberty, Mo. bank and one man was killed. For the next 15 years, the James boys roamed throughout the U.S. robbing trains and banks of their gold, building a legend that was to live more than a century after Jesse's death. Jesse married his own first cousin after a nine-year courtship. She was named for his own mother, Zerelda. They had two children, Jesse Edwards and Mary.
James explains that he feels like a son to the city of Cleveland. He says, “people there have seen me grow up.” The community watched him develop physically, mentally, and as a player. James grew matured from an eighteen-year-old kid to a twenty-five-year-old man. With age comes responsibility, and he is well aware of the situation, as well as the responsibility to lead the team. He engages the audience by using nicknames, such as “D-Wade,” “CB,” and “Riles,” to name a few. James refers to the team as his brothers, another indication of how influential family has been on his career and his life altogether. His emotions and values express that family is what makes him
Jesse Woodson James was born on September 5, 1847 in Western Missouri. Jesse’s father, a Baptist minister, Robert Salle James and his mother Zerelda Cole. Jesse had one whole brother Frank James and other half and step siblings. Jesse’s father died when he was a young boy and his mother remarried more than once. When Jesse was 17 he married a young girl, who was also his first cousin, named Zerelda Mimms. They had 2 children, Jesse Jr. and Mary. (O’Brien)
Jesse James was born on September 5th, 1847 in Kearney, Mo Jesses parents are Robert S. and Zerelda James. His mother Zerelda James was born on January 29, 1825 in Woodford county Kentucky. His father was Robert S. James was born July 17, 1818 in Logan county in Kentucky he married his wife in 1841. He attended Georgetown collage in Kentucky after received his diploma he and his wife moved to Missouri. This is when they decided to have Jesse’s oldest brother frank once born they bought a farm.
Chavez was born on March 31, 1927 in Yuma, Arizona to immigrant parents. As a child, Cesar helped work on the farm by bringing water back to his and feeding animals. His parents believed school was very crucial for Cesar. As a kid he did not understand English so in school it was very hard
Jackson worked extremely hard to get to his current position in life. He practiced non stop it seemed like. In high school, college, and throughout the pros, Jackson worked to get better at baseball, football, and track. He was able to work hard and become a star at all three. It helped that Jackson loved to be around the games, as a kid he and other neighborhood kids would play “stickball”, a form a baseball using a tree branch and a beat up tennis ball. As a teenager he would be working out or practicing constantly at his high school trying to get better (Jackson and Schaap 43).
Cesar Chavez was born on March 31, 1927 in a small town near Yuma, Arizona near the border. Born into a poor family, Cesar grew up in Arizona and in a small adobe home along with his parents (United Farm Workers 1). In his early life, Cesar experienced a lot of injustices and saw how not only his parents, but most farm workers were being mistreated and overworked. Cesar Chavez later learned a lesson in his life about injustices that he would never be able to forget (United Farm Workers 1). Cesar would say, “the love for justice that is in us is not only the best part of our being, but is also the most true to our nature” (United Farm Workers 1).
In a book about African-Americans and Popular Culture Boyd (2008, pg.67) states that the politics of the Olympics combined with the spotlight enabled by television allowed Smith, Carlos, Muhammad Ali and countless other black athletes with a platform to give voice to those without voice. Also, to expose the pain and suffering that had long been ignored in the United States.
Jackie Robinson is important because he was the first black major league baseball player who was around during the Civil Rights Movement. Jackie Robinson’s older brother inspired him to pursue his talents and love for athletics as they were growing up. His older brother name was Matthew Robinson, who was a silver medal winner in the 200-meter dash. Matthew came in second place behind Jesse Owens in the 1936 Olympic game in Berlin. Jackie Robinson is a very important athlete to this day because of his accomplishments and overcoming the hard times when major league baseball was a segregated game and back when the Civil Rights Movement was taking place and when baseball was just a white man’s sport but Jackie Robinson changed that (“Robinson, Jackie Biography”).
In the American society back in the early 1900’s race, stereotypes were a big deal. In the story of Jessie Owens it’s the weak verses the strong. If your not part of the strong your not deemed worthy to be apart of their society. Hopkins through the use of denotation and connotation help us understand his point of view. Denotation is, “ the literal, common sense meaning of a sign, ostensibly value-free and objective. Strong simply means having the ability to perform task that others cant, and weak simply means lacking the ability to perform certain task. Throughout the development of the story Hopkins points out who is the weak, and who is the strong. It was pretty evident that Owens was part of the weak. While those that were not African American was considered to be part of the strong. After being invited to the Olympic Games Owens had the ability to break the stereotype. The NCAPP wanted Owens to boycott the Olympic games, because he could make an impact on the weak community, and he could start by teaching the strong community a
In the beginning of inter-collegiate competition and even now the governing body the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) wanted athletes to maintain their amateurism. Being an amateur means, to remain unpaid why competing and performing a c. Athletes were to come from the student body and off-campus recruitment of athletes was prohibited. The problem with the many rules and regulations of the NCAA early on was that they expected schools to police themselves and uphold a certain amount of morality, but without checks and balances corruption was sure to take place and did so. From the late 1920’s and into the 1940’s big-time athletes would be “sponsored” by alumni in order to get them to play for that schools team. The alumni would usually just pay the tuition for the athlete and usually it was seen as a loan but rarely got paid back.
First of all, the early life of Frederick Douglass was horrible and very difficult. He was born on February 1818 in Tuckahoe, Maryland. 7 His parents were from two different races. His father was white while his mother was a African American. At that time period slave auctions were held to sell black slaves to white land owners. It was at a slave auction that as a child Frederick Douglass was separated from his Negro mother. His mother was sold and Douglass never saw an inch of her again in his entire life.
“We are more visible, but not more valuable”. This famous quote was said by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, one of the most famous black basketball players, symbolized what many black athletes were pursuing when they first got into sports. In today’s world not only are black athletes a part of our sports venue, they are dominating the landscape of some sports such as the NBA which consists of a whopping 80% black athletes. Black athletes continue to revitalize sports in America as some athletes became the face of their sports such as Muhammad Ali in boxing, Jackie Robinson in baseball and Michael Jordan in basketball. Sports came as a form of entertainment for many Americans, but for black athletes it came as a pathway to express who they were and what they believed in. The more they became involved in sports, the more media they were able to attract which enabled them to talk about topics other than sports such as racism, their religions and equality through the civil rights movement. These views and statements made in their interviews and press conferences were the ones that became publicized and more popular amongst the typical white men in America and it played a huge role in changing the way blacks were viewed in American society.
Jesse Moncell Bethel was born in New York City, New York on July 8, 1922. He was born to Jesse M. Bethel and Ethel Williams. His father left the home when he was only six months old and his mother died when he was only three and a half years old. Being an orphan now, he was raised by his grandmother in Arkansas. He then moved to Oklahoma where his family sharecropped cotton and cornfields. Bethel attended elementary school while in Oklahoma and later graduated from Booker Washington High School there too. Bethel attended Tillotson College in Austin, Texas. He graduated there with a Bachelors of Science degree in chemistry. He later attended graduate school in 1944 at the University of California Berkley.
Michael Joseph Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana on August 28, 1958. He grew up in a small scale two bedroom house that was within a substandard neighborhood with this eight brothers and sisters, along with their parents