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Calculus history
Isaac Newton during the scientific revolution
Contribution of Newton in the world of science
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Whenever I do not know an answer to a question on a physics exam, I just write “Newton” as the answer and frequently get the answer right. Everyone knows of Isaac Newton, but not everyone can comprehend how impactful his contributions were to humanity. Isaac Newton, arguably one of the most influential scientists to ever live, made a myriad of contributions that paved the way to the modern world. By promoting the scientific method and critical thinking, he successfully sparked the scientific revolution that transformed the society and changed the way people thought and believed in in the 17th century. Isaac Newton, known as the founder of modern science, changed the course of history forever because he invented calculus, discovered the laws …show more content…
One day in Autumn while Newton was still a college student studying in Cambridge, an apple fell and hit his head. Newton was intrigued that the apple fell downward and not in any other directions. He reasoned that it fell not because the apple was heavy, but because heavier matter attracts lighter matter; a concept called gravitation. He then asked if the apple fell, why didn’t the moon fall as well. According to the inverse square law of gravity, the moon does fall. He realized that he needed a higher form of mathematics to solve the falling moon problem, and invented calculus in order to solve problems involving falling bodies and curvature (Kaku). Through reading about the theories of Aristotle and Descartes, he learned that light can be separated into different colors when shined through a prism. He tested the theory and discovered that if he used a second prism to receive the colors of the first prism, he could turn the factors of light into a single, white beam. As a consequence of his extensive research, he found out that different wavelengths experienced different gravitational pull and proved that an object cannot generate color, but is absorbing everything except that color one sees (Pascal, 46). In Newtonian times, physics and calculus together paved the way to the understanding of universe. After Newton discovered gravity, he theorized that the sun’s force that holds the planets in orbitals must be the same force as the falling apple. By expanding Galileo’s principle of motions, he created the three laws of motions that were the basis of physics, and supported his idea of a mechanical, clock-like universe (Whipps). In his lifespan, Newton formulated and solved many different questions regarding the universe and the physical world, and made important discoveries and laws along the
His problem statement (a description of the issue being tested during the experiment) was: Can Hooke’s theory of light and the currently accepted theory be verified? The key to Newton’s experiment was a glass prism. According to the book, Isaac Newton (written by Gale E. Christianson), glass prisms were believed to have displayed the phenomena of the scale of light and give proof that the scale of light went from a bright red (color closest to white) to a dull blue (color closest to black). It was also believed that all of these colors were modifications of true white. To test this theory, Newton bought a glass prism “to try therewith the celebrated phenomena of colors” (More, 389). Newton took his prism to his upstairs bedroom and made sure that the room was completely darkened. He then positioned the prism on a table and drilled a one-eighth inch hole into the window shutter so that the light would pass through the prism at a specific angle and was projected onto a wall ("Newton and the Colour of Light"). According to the accepted theory of light, should light pass through a glass prism at that angle, the colors of the spectrum of light should be projected in a perfect circle. However, Newton observed that the colors were arranged into a rectangular shape and the pattern was wider than was predicted. Newton concluded that each color refracted at a different angle as it passed
Isaac Newton discovered gravity when an apple had fallen on his head. He then began to think about how the apple had fallen onto his head and thus Newton’s three laws of motion were created. Newton’s first law of motion is an object in motion tends to stay in motion; an object at rest tends to stay at rest, unless another force is acted upon it. Newton’s second law of motion is about the formula for force, which is force= mass*acceleration. Newton’s third law of motion is for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Furthermore, Isaac Newton created the three laws of motion.
Sir Isaac Newton made an enormous amount of contributions to the world of physics. He invented the reflecting telescope, proposed new theories of light and color, discovered calculus, developed the three laws of motion, and devised the law of universal gravitation. His greatest contribution to physics was the development of the three laws of motion. The first law was called the law of inertia; this law stated that, “Every object persists in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it.” The second law is called the law of acceleration; this law stated that, “Force is equal to the chan...
Isaac Newton, (1642-1727) was an English scientist and statesman. Although his views were thought to contradict the bible he was the only man of these three which proved his views to be true. He discovered gravity and the laws of motion. He stated that, 'every particle in the universe is attracted to every other particle by a force that is directly related to the product of their masses and inversely related to the squares of the distance between them.
Isaac Newton was a British Mathematician and Philosopher. He published his most acclaimed book Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. He is also credited with the discovery of the essential theories of calculus alongside with Gottfried Leibniz, he also discovered the binomial theorem among many other accomplishments. He was of being one of the greatest minds in the 17th century scientific revolution.
When most people hear the name Isaac Newton, they think of various laws of physics and the story of the apple falling from the tree; in addition, some may even think of him as the inventor of calculus. However, there was much more to Newton’s life which was in part molded by the happenings around the world. The seventeenth century was a time of great upheaval and change around the world. The tumultuousness of this era was due mostly to political and religious unrest which in effect had a great impact on the mathematics and science discoveries from the time Newton was born in 1646 until the early 1700’s.
Sir Isaac Newton, the man that helped people figure out why things move and how they move, had a very interesting life. In the beginning of his early life, he dealt with hardships, and progressed to be an extremely inspiring man later in his life. In college he had many breakthroughs with his scientific works, including the laws of physics that we still use today. His life has answered many of people’s scientific questions that are still being asked today in physics’ classrooms all around the world. His discoveries have helped people for over 350 years to know and understand why things move the way they move, and stop the way they stop. Newton’s works comprise of the Principia and many other important publishing’s that he started when he was just in college. Newton’s life was full of discoveries, from his life as a minor to the years later in his life when he became an important individual in the government and changed the world, as we know it today.
Isaac Newton’s story of how an apple falling from a tree that hit his head inspired him to formulate a theory of gravitation is one that all school children grow up hearing about. Newton is arguably one of the most influential scientific minds in human history. He has published books such as Arithmetica Universalis, The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms, Methods of Fluxions, Opticks, the Queries, and most famously, Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia MathematicaHe formulated the three laws of gravitation, discovered the generalized binomial theorem, developed infinitesimal calculus (sharing credit with Gottfried Wilhelm Von Leibniz, who developed the theory independently), and worked extensively on optics and refraction of light. Newton changed the way that people look at the world they live in and how the universe works.
The three laws of motion are three rules that explain the motion of an object. The first law is the law of inertia. It states that every object remains at rest unless it is compelled by an external force. The second law is the law of acceleration. This law shows when there is a change in force, it causes a change in velocity. Finally, the third law states that every force in nature has an equal and opposite reaction. His discovery in calculus help confirms his second law of motion. Calculus also gave Isaac Newton powerful ways to solve mathematical problems. Lastly, for the color spectrum, he produced a beam of light from a tiny hole in a window shade. He placed a glass prism in front of the beam of light creating a color spectrum. In Newton’s undergraduate days, Newton was greatly influenced by the Hermetic tradition. After learning about the Hermetic tradition it influenced him to look at a different perspective into his discoveries and theories. One of the myths that followed the discovery is his discovery of universal gravitation. It is said that while Isaac Newton was thinking about the forces of nature, an apple fell on his head and he found the theory of gravity. There is no evidence that an apple fell on Newton’s head, but the evidence is shown that Newton got an idea of the theory of gravity when he saw an apple fall from a tree. During his life; however, Isaac Newton faced many obstacles. When he published some of his ideas in Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society, some people challenged his ideas such as Robert Hooke and Christiaan Huygens to a point where Newton stopped publishing his work. During his life, he also suffered a nervous breakdown in a period of his life. He was convinced his friends were conspiring against him, and he couldn’t sleep at all for five
During the years of 1665 and 1667 he worked out the essentials of calculus, he hit upon the crucially important optical law and most significantly grasped the principle o...
The day Galileo had slipped from our world Sir Isaac Newton had life breathed into him. Sir Isaac Newton was born on December 25, 1642, at Woolsthorpe. Before he was born his father died, so he was brought up with the scent and presence of his mother, Hannah. Despite this at the age of three his mother married someone else and abandoned him in the care of his grandmother, devastating him and rocking his foundation. He received the basic local education, or elementary, until he was twelve, then he proceeded to attend the King's School in Grantham. In 1661, at the age of nineteen, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge and worked to obtain his Bachelors degree. He then decided to go work for his masters degree, the plague hit Europe in 1666 the University closed. The next eighteen months he spent learning in solitude at his manor. When the College reopens he quickly obtains his Masters. He later becomes a professor for this college for 27 years. During these times he brought to light optics, his discovery of calculus and gravitation. Having learned all this he contributed to the Enlightenment with his discoveries as well as influencing thinkers of the future.
History has brought many influential scientists. Sir Isaac Newton is perhaps the most influential scientist of all time. Without his works and discoveries, mankind might have been set back many decades or even scores in scientific and technological advancement. Therefore, because of his tremendous impact on mankind, it is important to study Sir Isaac Newton's life and acheivements.
Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, on December 25, 1642. He was educated at Trinity College in Cambridge, and resided there from 1661 to 1696 during which time he produced the majority of his work in mathematics. During this time New ton developed several theories, such as his fundamental principles of gravitation, his theory on optics otherwise known as the Lectiones Opticae, and his work with the Binomial Theorem. This is only a few theories that that Isaac Newton contributed to the world of mathematics. Newton contributed to all aspects of mathematics including geometry, algebra, and physics.
This developed the universal law of acceleration, which all objects in the universe obeyed. He also supported Copernican theory of the earth and other planets revolve around the
Isaac Newton was born on January 4, 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England where he grew up. His father, also named Isaac Newton, was a prosperous farmer who died three months before Isaacs’s birth. Isaac was born premature; he was very tiny and weak and wasn’t expected to live (bio).