Investigating Fuels
Aim;
To find out the heat of combustion in the five fuels;
Methanol,
Ethanol,
Propanol,
Butanol,
Pentanol,
All of these alcohols are apart of the Hydrocarbon chain.
Apparatus;
I will need the following to carry out my investigation for the
Experiment;
Top pan balance - To measure the weight of the fuel.
Clamp Stand - To hold the boiling tube above the crucible.
Boiling tube - To hold 30 cubic centimetres of water in.
Heat proof mat - So the Bunsen burner doesn't burn the table.
Bunsen burner - I need the flame to light the taper.
Measuring cylinder - To measure 30cc of water in.
Mineral wool - So the taper can light the fuel easier.
A stop clock - To time how long the fuel will burn.
Taper - To light the fuel by using the flame from the Bunsen burner.
Ruler - To measure the distance from the crucible to the boiling tube.
Crucible - To carry the mineral wool and fuel in it.
Diagram;
Plan;
First of all, I will set the clamp stand 3.5cm vertically higher then
the crucible which then I put some mineral wool in and 30 drops of the
fuel in. After that I am going to weigh the crucible making sure there
is no other liquid or any other substances on the weigher, so I don't
do not get any anomalous results. After I have recorded the weight I
am going to place the crucible directly under the boiling tube, like
shown in the diagram, and then I am going to pour 30 cubic centimetres
into the measuring cylinder. To make sure I have exactly 30 cubic
centimetres in the cylinder I have to get down on my knee and get my
eye sight level to the mark which is labelled "30cc" to get the
experiment as accurate and reliable as I can. When I am satisfied with
how much water I have got in the cylinder, I will pour it in the
Start with the hot water and first measure the temperature. Record it. 8. Then pour 40 ml into the beaker. You can measure how much water was used by looking at the meniscus.
this is the best volume to use as it is about ¾ of a test tube full,
8. Continue to heat the crucible, occasionally lifting the lid with tongs to provide oxygen for the reaction
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3. Add on of the following volumes of distilled water to the test tube, as assigned by your teacher: 10.0mL, 15.0mL, 20.0mL, 25.0mL, 30.0mL. (If you use a graduated cylinder, remember to read the volume from the bottom of the water meniscus. You can make more a more accurate volume measurement using either a pipette or a burette.)
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