Introduction To Archetypal Lens: The Mayor Of Casterbridge

Fyezah Nazir

Palumbo

AP English Literature

27 February 2014

The Mayor of Casterbridge Through the Archetypal Lens

Introduction to Archetypes (Literary)

Archetypes are designed to be universal and original models after which similar ideas are patterned. They include, but are not limited to images, recurring themes, symbols, ideas, character types and plot patterns. Archetypes can be expressed in myths, dreams, literature, religion, fantasies and folklore. They are an effective means utilized to evoke strong associations, emotional or physical, to the reader or audience. Carl Jung, a psychiatrist and analytical psychologist, created the term ‘archetype’ and claimed that they could also be applied to literature. Jung recognized that there were recurring and universal patterns in many stories regardless of their cultural or historical period. As a result, he hypothesized that the human conscious contained a collective unconscious relatable to most people. In literature, it is important to recognize archetypal patterns because they hold special symbolic meanings that are representative of universal ideas similar to how the image of a mother represents love and sacrifice and how the color white represents purity and innocence.

There are several different types of archetypes: situational, plot, character, symbolic, and setting. These archetypes are implemented because they hold meaning to society and “provide the deep structure for human motivation and meaning. When we encounter them in art, literature, sacred texts, advertising—or in individuals or groups—they evoke deep feeling within us.” If the audience or reader cannot relate to a certain archetypal symbol or pattern then they would be lacking some deeper meaning behind the sym...

... middle of paper ...

...quests that no one mourn for him, talk of him or remember him. Even if Michael was the cause of his own downfall, his death is still viewed as tragic and cruel.

Hardy attempts to illustrate Michael as a common man, which ultimately serves his purpose of exposing the archetypal and somewhat psychological realities of typical, everyday people. According to archetypal literary critics, “archetypes determine the form and function of literary works and … a text's meaning is shaped by cultural and psychological myths.” For that reason, Henchard is a perfect example of the archetypal fall because Thomas Hardy is demonstrating how Henchard reacts to situations like a real person would and that life is not always as simple as it is depicted in fictional fairytales. The archetype of Michael’s fall functions as Hardy’s vehicle to relay the meaning behind his work.