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Negotiation theory - essay
Strengths of integrative approach to negotiations
Strengths of integrative approach to negotiations
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A1:
Bill’s following actions illustrate his use of legitimate power, which comes from his organizational role and position in the company: o He makes important decisions without considering his employee’s plans. Given his ignorance, the only thing that justifies his decision is his position of power. His unfounded decision-making illustrates that he uses his power to control the organization’s operations. o He intervened with Russ’s negotiations. Bill clearly did not know much about Russ’s operations since he was about to lose Russ’s key client. However, he used his power to take part in the deal negotiation anyways. o In combination with this strong use of legitimate power, Bill also seems to practice largely coercive power (the use of threat
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A2: identify the factors, which could be a part of a win-win outcome in this situation
There is a conflict between Ned and Bill needed to be solved. In order to solve this conflict, they should collaborate; try to reach an agreement that satisfies both one’s own and the other party’s aspirations as much as possible.
Integrative negotiation is a negotiating process in which the parties involved strive to integrate their interests as effectively as possible in the final agreement. It generally strives to achieve two factors: to create as much value as possible for both sides, and to claim as much value as possible for their own interests. It does not require Ned and Bill to give in to demands made by the other party or to sacrifice any of their own objectives. It does require them to seek out creative options and not simply to focus on trading concessions. Each side has different priorities that can be traded off and the other side must win for you to win. They must work with the other side to create an acceptable agreement.
A3: what would you recommend that Ned do
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To create value and discover mutual benefits, or common ground, on some issues requires them to share information and present more options than is typical of distributive bargaining, in which they share their true interests and seldom seek new options, but instead focus on exchanging concessions and reaching agreement on one issue.
Terms such as mutual gain or problem-solving or cooperative agreement might lead to a positive
...as formed certain signals and understandings that are critical to our prospects for cooperation and negotiation today (Skyrms 80-104).
Mr. Hertford missed the intangible aspect of integrative negotiation and believed winning contract should be a successful outcome. In fact it was other way round in this situation. TexasAgs are one of the largest and best known petrochemicals company There was no urgency to seal a deal with cousins as cousin do not yet have any competitative deal. TexasAgs could have utilized some of their strengths of quality supply and worldwide reputation to avoid extra few concessions, which were not accordance to industry norm. Both parties didn’t view the issues from a broad
Many situations present the important synchronization of internal versus external negotiations. Many individuals have studied how each side in the negotiation is able to manage the internal opposition to agreements being negotiated. This can also be known as “on the table”, or what exactly is on the line in a heated argument. Each individual involve in an argument has a particular position to be managed, and often times own personal interests are widely expressed. This paper will expand upon the case of Fischer collecting needed funds from Smith with proposals and ideas for a manageable negotiation.
...ovement, many restrictions imposed on both parties were necessary to help encourage constructive bargaining within the system.
Jeanne Lewis shows a measure of ethical tactics in her dealing with subordinates in her time with Staples. Lewis examines her situation before choosing her leadership style, and shows concern for the needs of the employees that she intends to influence. Overall, Lewis remains ethical in her behavior and in the tactics she uses to influence others.
The dynamic of a win-lose bargaining situation can cause negotiations to be exceedingly tense and volatile because only one side will gain at the end of these type of negotiations. This makes the concept of distributive bargaining controversial. Michael Wheeler, the author of the article, Three cheers for teaching distributive bargaining, discusses how many professors at an academy of management conference disapproved of distributive bargaining negotiation tactics. Wheeler explains, a huge majority of the attendees disapproved of exposing their impressionable pupils to the reality that in some negotiations, more for one party means less for the other” (Wheeler, 2012).
The most common negotiation that was used several times was voting for the majority just to get it over and done with. A few examples would ...
...iations the representatives must define what the real problem is and what each party genuinely wants from a negotiated agreement. Howard implemented value by comparing and contrasting the teams offers with respect to his personal value. Howard conducted integrative negotiation procedures to produce a “win-win” situation for all parties concerned, including himself.
Negotiations styles are scholastically recognized as being broken down into two general categories and those are distributive bargaining styles and integrative negotiation styles. Distributive bargaining styles of negotiation are understood to be a competitive type of negotiation. “Distributive bargaining, also known as positional bargaining, negotiating zero-sum, competitive negotiation, or win-lose negotiation, is a type or style of negotiation in which the parties compete for the distribution of a fixed amount of value” (Business Blog Reviews, 2011). This type of negotiation skill or style approach might be best represented in professional areas such as the stock market where there is a fixed goal in mind or even in a garage sale negotiation where the owner would have a specific value of which he/she would not go below. In contrast, an integrative negotiation approach/style is that of cooperative bargaining, or win-win types ...
Throughout the movie, there is very obvious abuse of power by managers in all three working environments. Power is the ability that an individual has to influence the behaviour of another individual and oppose any unwanted pressure in return (Mann, 2013). In Nick’s case, his boss holds his authority over Nick by implying the possibility of a promotion only to reward himself (Scott, 2011). Nick’s boss is in control of who receives promotions thus falsely giving hope to Nick that he will be receiving a reward in the near future. This is a clear abuse of reward power. Kurt’s boss exploits his power by forcing Kurt into firing employees for no real reason (Scott, 2011). Kurt’s boss is abusing his legitimate power to force Kurt into tasks that he does not want to do. Lastly, in Dale’s case, his boss sexually harasses him, holding her authority over him. Dale’s boss threatens to punish him through blackmail if he does not comply with her desire to sexually harass him (Scott, 2011). This is a clear abuse of coercive power. Although each o...
Whether or not we are aware of it, each of us is faced with an abundance of conflict each and every day. From the division of chores within a household, to asking one’s boss for a raise, we’ve all learned the basic skills of negotiation. A national bestseller, Getting to Yes, introduces the method of principled negotiation, a form of alternative dispute resolutions as opposed to the common method of positional bargaining. Within the book, four basic elements of principled negotiation are stressed; separate the people from the problem, focus on interests instead of positions, invest options for mutual gain, and insist on using objective criteria. Following this section of the book are suggestions for problems that may occur and finally a conclusion. In this journal entry I will be taking a closer look at each of the elements, and critically analyse the content; ultimately, I aim to briefly bring forth the pros and cons of Getting to Yes.
The negotiation revolved around three main individuals, Terry Hardel, Josephine McNair, and Joe Abernathy. For this negotiation, my partner played the part of Joe while I played Terry. We were both given the same general instructions. However, an additional set of secret instructions were given to each of us separately.
In starting a new business, Matt’s cash flow is low and there is limit on what he will spend for the service. On the other hand, Chris wants to ensure a high fee but also guarantee he will not lose money after buying gas for his lawnmower. The goal in distributive bargaining is not to find a mutually accepted outcome, but rather that one side gains preferential treatment. In other words, the final result is a win-lose scenario. In distributive bargaining, each party must decide before the negotiation where certain breakpoints lie.
Relative value of distributive agreement is determined based on the competitiveness of the market which negotiation is conducted about. For instance, in a market under perfect competition, where there are many buyers and sellers, prices mainly reflect supply and demand, and the parties are simply price takers, the value of distributive approach to negotiation will be trivial since any potential agreement will be at a pre-determined “market price”. Slight variance to that value will trigger failure in the negotiation. On the other hand, under conditions of monopolistic competition where number of producers or provides is very limited and uniqueness of the product or service is extremely high,
This involves working together to generate win-win alternatives for resolving issues (Robin, 2002). Collaborating involves high to moderate skill levels of parties, clear clarity of both goals, strong status of relationships, Win-Win attitude toward authority, low concerns for formalities and traditions, and a high self-concept.