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There were several innovations that were fruitful during the Bronze Age, of that one of the most important was the formulation of the written word (Matthews et. al., 2014). The development of the written word provided a means for recording current events to reference later, moreover, the ability to write allowed for a more accurate delivery method of messages between parties. In the beginning stages of the written word during the Bronze Age clay tablets were used, later the Egyptians use papyrus to record writings. As the name of the period suggests the Bronze Age brought forth the use of metals to construct various tools as well as weapons, bringing us to a second innovation during this historical period (Matthews et. al., 2014). It is thought that the Sumerians were the first to add tin to copper creating bronze in order to build stronger tools and weapons, estimated to have occurred around 3300 B.C. (History.com, 2018). This discovery brought an end to the Stone Age where previous tools and weapons had been chiseled from rock. The use of bronze spread to Greece, China, and the British Isles after a period of time. …show more content…
al., 2014). The oldest known wheel was discovered in Mesopotamia, consequently, it was believed to have been used as a pottery wheel, it is estimated to be from the year 3500 B.C. (Dhwty, 2018). The wheel was later paired with an intricate axel system to enable its use with chariots. The oldest known boat was discovered in 1992, it is estimated to have been built in 1500 B.C. during the Bronze Age (Dover Museum,
The earliest evidence of welding dates back to the Bronze Age. The earliest examples of welding that have been found to date are welded gold boxes belonging to civilizations that thrived during the bronze age. There is evidence supporting the fact that even the Egyptians developed a form of welding. Several of their iron tools were made by welding. During the Middle Ages, a set of blacksmiths came to the forefront, crafting tools, weapons and other necessities. Blacksmiths of the Middle Ages welded various types of iron tools by hammering. The welding methods remained more or less unchanged until the 19th century. Where welding methods began to resemble conventional welding processes through innovations made through
Without the Mesopotamians we would not have all the luxury we have today. Could you ever imagine a world without writing? You may think, life would not be so bad without it, but without writing we would not have stories, we could not write to the bank, we could not text. Two major contributions made to society were the first forms of writing known as Cuneiform and Hammurabi’s Code.
As the name suggests the Bronze Age is a period of human culture, in which civilizations heavily used copper and bronze for various aspects of life and trading. The beginning of the Bronze Age is estimated to date before 3000 BCE in parts of Med. Europe, Middle East and China. Knossos and Mycenae are both archeological sites, and date back to the Bronze Age. Knossos was the capital of the ancient Minoan civilization; located on the island of Crete. Mycenae was a massive fortified palace, located between two hills on the plain of the Peloponnese, Greece.
In the article "the persistence of the word" written by James Gleick, he argues that writing is the hardest technology to erase from our mind. Writing made knowledge more durable stuff, which represented the roots of human history. The author used one-to-one correspondence methods, link examples with explanations to introduced writing into three categories. First, the way of writing. Writing as a technology requires premeditation and special art, it is a competence forever bodying itself in a series of concrete performance. In ancient times writing usually exists on paper or stone, show our respect to the culture, paper and stone is a kind of tools which can inspired immediate detractors, writing on stone is
Writing is perhaps the most important building block of communication - after verbal speech, of course. Writing, like most of human civilization, has its roots in ancient Mesopotamia. The first writing systems began in a style known as cuneiform (Cuneiform, 2013). These wedge-shaped markings have their roots in Sumerian culture and were used predominantly for record keeping and accounting. At the archaeological site of Uruk in what is modern day Iraq, a great wealth of knowledge has been gained from the artifacts located there. Uruk was a ceremonial site and is home to the world’s oldest known documented written documents (Price and Feinman, 2013). The documents discovered list quantities of goods that may have been stored at Uruk, leading archaeologists to believe that writing in this part of the world was developed primarily to keep lists of transactions and stockpiled quantities of goods located at the site.
The end of the Bronze Age in the eastern Mediterranean saw great change. The transition to the Iron Age saw “the development and spread of alphabetic writing, the growth of nationalism, of republican political forms, of monotheism, and eventually of rationalism” (3). The improvements were grand, as negatives also came, but what exactly led to this ending of an era in this region? Historian and Vanderbilt professor Robert Drews, who specializes in ancient history and prehistory, states his main reason being changes in warfare strategies—mainly the transition away from chariot-based warfare. The professor goes on in his thesis to dispute five other possible explanations for the Collapse in his book The End of the Bronze Age.
... helped the architecture to have accurate measurements . Another civilization that also developed a system of writing was China. The written language could be easily to read and understand, but when they spoke it it was difficult to understand. This civilization had a big advantage with the system of writing because all parts of china everyone could learn the language even if they already spoke a different language. This helped make a great civilization because it unifies a large and diverse land and this helped to control it easier. One disadvantage it has is that the writing system has a lot of things to memorize. So if you were a wealthy kid and went to a good school you could memorize the major part of the language, but if you were in the lower class and went to a cheap school then you had trouble learning the language because they didn’t teach the whole language
Cuneiform was very important in Mesopotamia. It was used for recording daily events, trades between people, different things about the sky they would observe, also literature. They would record all of this and they could also transfer different types of information ( "Writing." 2013 ). Scribes are the p...
Leakey at Olduvai Gorge dating back to about two million years ago. They originally thought that these tools were made by the Australopithecus, but later determined that they were made by the Homo Habilis . The first tools found were classified as lower paleolithic tools. These tools belong to the Oldowan tool tradition. These tools which were opportunist in nature were characterized by an all-purpose generalized chopping tool. These were produced by removing a few flakes from a stone either by using another stone as a hammer or by striking a pebble against a large rock. Manufacturing tools this way is called the percussion method. Many of these tools were made out of quartz or lava; which were not the most common st...
Neolithic Revolution: slash-and-burn farming - era of increased rainfall and general warming - domesticated animals
The Bronze Age occurred around the 3rd Century BC when the ancient civilisations started to learn how to smelt ores and that copper and tin made the solid alloy, bronze. The Iron Age started at different times in different civilisations as the bronze age did. It is believed that the Iron age first started in the middle east in the 12th century BC however the Iron age did not fully reach Europe until the 8th century BC. The Bronze age preceeded the Iron age because Bronze is lower on the reactivity scale than Iron, meaning that it is easier to remove tin and copper, the metals which make up bronze, from their ores than it is to remove iron from its ore, the metals that form bronze can also easily be found in shallow mines. The smelting process that had been formed after the discovery of bronze did not work affectively on iron as it needed to be heated to a much higher level, meaning that technology had to evolve before iron could be smelted and used. Once the iron smelting process was form it rapidly replaced the role of bronze in many civilisations as it was more durable and harder than bronze.
Around 4000 B.C, the discovery that metals could be cast into shapes in moulds was a major step towards civilisations. After experiments with coloured minerals like malachite, those experiments let to the melting of copper which led to casting copper in simple moulds made from stone or clay to produce simple tools, like hammers, to be followed by the use two-part moulds in which both faces could be made. Potters at that time were used to making small human and animal figures representing either natural or symbolic use for numerous gods. The smelting and casting of those figures were carried out in a crude kiln or furnace in the east. Some materials had been carved from various stones while human figures were often made in beeswax.
The trade of carpentry has been found to date back as early as 5000bc, the stone age, where cavemen wood (because it’s about wood) have used the skill to craft tools to hunt pray for their next meal or build shelter to survive
Beginning to use iron instead of bronze (steel) to produce weapons and tools. Iron posed many
The ancient world helped develop an assortment of technological advances, the endless list of innovations by ancient societies are responsible for not just shaping our planet but also preparing us for future endeavors into the infinite universe. Although it’s unjust to pick just one group of people, I have randomly selected three cultures and a modernization designed by its individuals. The story of technological evolution takes place in Mesopotamia, Italy, and in China; wherein its inhabitants pioneered new ideas that changed the course of history.