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Pain assessment case study
Pain assessment case study
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Identifying Data: R.S. is a 28 year old Indian female of Indian-American of Asian descent. She is a full time nursing student currently residing in Rochester. She is single and does not have children. Patient presents today complaining of pressure headaches and is alone. Source Reliability: Patient herself, who appears reliable provided history, which is confirmed by her provision of the same answers, even when questions are rephrased or repeated later in interview. S: Chief Complaint: “pressure right over eyebrows” HPI (8 Dimensions): Patient reports throbbing pressure over the eyebrows that have developed over the past 3 weeks, worst while walking home in the evenings from practical section of nursing school. Reports no other changes …show more content…
Patient reports tenderness when frontal sinuses palpated. Temporal arteries elastic and nontender. Temporal arteries pulse +2. Temporomandibular joint palpated with full range of motion without tenderness or clicking. Face: Symmetric, no drooping, no weakness, no involuntary movements Scalp: Hair is distributed evenly with thick texture and no balding. Nose and Sinuses: Nasal septum midline. Turbinates do not appear swollen. Mucosa appears pink and moist. Congestion in left nostril noted. Odor identification and sense of smell symmetrical. Frontal and maxillary sinuses are nontender to palpation. Eyes: Conjunctiva clear and pink, no redness. Sclera white. Corneal smoothness and clarity noted. Snellen chart visual acuity 20/15 bilaterally. Complete and symmetrical red circle noted in both eyes. Ocular alignment noted, assessed by cover-uncover test. Intact peripheral field of vision, demonstrated by confrontation test results: 50 degrees upward, 90 degrees temporally, 70 degrees inferiorly, and 60 degrees nasally. Conjugate vision, no deviation noted during extraocular movement. Both pupils equal, round and reactive to light and
Then, when she was finished reading, she stopped at a particular line and I wrote down her results. I also tested her other eye, which is her right eye, which had different results. After, she finished and I wrote her results down, I tested her vision field by sitting in front of her and placing my finger near her ear and she then told me when she saw my finger first. Next, I tested Jazmine Cooley’s oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves by looking at the pupil of her eye and briefly shining a flashlight into her eyes asking her to look up, down, left, right, and side to side. Then, I repeated the same test, however, I did not use a flashlight this time, but I had her follow along to my clenched fist with my thumb held up.
... provider experience, management is often insufficient. Enhanced application of available treatment options, use of updated resources, complex approach to PHN management may play a superior role in treatment. Primary care is on the front line of patient care, diagnoses, and treatment. It plays an essential and crucial role in the development and execution of the PHN treatment plan. Patient treatment might be affected by multiple factors, ranging from medication compliance and side effects to drug cost. Sufficient management should be achieved starting with single drug, titrating additional treatment options as needed. Severe cases of PHN should be followed up by the use of topical anesthetic agents and paravertebral injections, if other means of therapy fail. Systematized and thoughtful PHN therapy will ensure sufficient pain relief and decrease the risk for PHN.
J.P., a 58 year old female, presents to the Emergency Room on March 18th. She has a past medical history of cervical cancer, atheroembolism of the left lower extremity, fistula of the vagina, peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy, glaucoma, GERD, depression, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and sickle cell anemia. She complains of right lower extremity pain accompanied by fatigue, a decreased appetite, increased work of breathing, burning on urination, and decreased urine output for three days.
I will leave you with this: Imagine you feel a sudden pain on the left side of your head that radiates down your neck so agonizing that your vision begins to blur, making you sick to your stomach at the thought of your anguish. Would you have the knowledge to identify your ailment solely with these symptoms and pinpoint possible causes to treat or seek treatment for your suffering with the information I have given you
The New England Journal of Medicine -- February 1, 1996 -- Vol. 334, No. 5
Nurse practitioner should be able to recognize these descriptors and take them as potential indicators of pain and clarify with further questioning.
St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Ackley, B.J., Ladwig, G.B., & Flynn Makic, M. (2017). Nursing diagnosis handbook (11th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier University.
Many signs include a "white pupil," also known as leukocoria. Retinoblastoma can occur in either one or two eyes (Paul T. Finger, Pg. 1). This abnormal white pupillary reflex is sometimes referred to as a cat's eye reflex. Another sign of retinoblastoma is a crossed eye (Ambramson, Ch3). Leukocoria doesn't always end up as being retinoblastoma, it can even result in: congenital cataract, Toxocara canis, Coat's disease, and persistent hypertrophic primary vitreous (PHPV) (Finger, Pg.2). Retinoblastoma occurs when there's a mutation or deletion of the q14 band of chromosome 13 (Finger, Pg. 1). Symptoms can be painful if not treated quickly. Some include a red, painful eye, swelling of the surrounding eye, poor vision, dilated pupil, even extra fingers or toes, and retardation (Ambramson, Ch3).
Note: This response sheet is for educational purposes only and should not be taken as a clinical diagnosis. Results need to be confirmed by professionals qualified in your state/province.
Heiting, Gary, and Mark Mattison-Shupnick. " Bifocals and Trifocals for Vision Over 40. " All About The Vision.
Amblyopia is a condition in which visual acuity in one eye is greatly reduced. It is caused by lack of stimulation or disuse during visual development (Rose, 1998). Because the eye is not fully developed at birth (Jarvis, 1992, as cited in Rose, 1998), infants need stimulation to complete the visual neural pathway. When one or both eyes are inhibited, for example due to misalignment of one eye (strabismus) or a large difference in refractive power between two eyes (anisometropia), the neural pathway for the inhibited eye develops abnormally, or does not develop at all. At approximately six years of age eye development is complete (Stager, 1990, as cited in Rose, 1998). Before visual development is complete amblyopia can be treated. If it is caught and treated at an early age, normal vision can be preserved (Rose, 1998).
In reviewing the medical care provided ,it seems that the patient’s previous medical history clouded her doctor’s decisions. Because of this, none of her doctors opted to dig deeper into other possible reasons for her daily headaches. Many factors that should have been...
They can infect any of the four sinuses that we have in our facial area. When they infect the sinuses, we call it sinusitis. The infections cause pronounced trouble to a patient. A patient suffering from sinus infection encounter a lot of symptoms such as headache, nasal blockage, pain in the facial regions, swollen face, irritation and many others. If you too had been suffering from such symptoms, now it is time you get rid of a sinus infection
Spark Ralph, S. & Taylor, C. M. (2011). Nursing diagnosis reference manual (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Sinusitis can occur in anyone’s lifetime due to a long list of causes. From viral infections to structural abnormalities, sinusitis can bring great pain and suffering to anyone. Everyone should educate themselves on the symptoms and causes for not only sinusitis but all diseases. It is easy to pass on a throbbing headache as a migraine and pay no heed to it. Although, everyone should visit their doctor regularly in order to find any illnesses or diseases, patients should always educate themselves initially. It is important to know one’s options when diagnosed with severe chronic or recurrent sinusitis. Balloon Sinuplasty proves to be an invasive and effective procedure for sinusitis that all patients should consider.