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The Importance of Health Psychology pdf
The Importance of Health Psychology pdf
The Importance of Health Psychology pdf
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Psychology, specifically health psychology, has played and increasingly important role in understanding health and illness. Health Psychology is an area that focuses on how biological, social and psychological factors influence health and illness. In saying this it is also devoted to understanding psychological influences on how individuals are to maintain their health, why they may become ill, and how they should respond upon becoming ill. There have been a number of health theories that derive from social-cognitive theories, which have been proposed to explain why people engage in health-compromising behaviors. The theories of behavior include the health belief model, the protection motivation theory of health, the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior. Through unfortunate circumstances, Tom has been in a life changing accident that has not only affected him severely however it has left a tremendously negative impact on his family, particularly his wife Suzie.
Before the motor vehicle accident, which resulted in Tom having to spend four weeks in intensive care with a number of physical damage as well as damage to his left temporal lobe, he and his wife Suzie had an argument about wanting a divorce. This culminated to Tom going to a local pub, drinking excessively, then drink driving which led to the accident. Consequently the damage to Tom’s brain resulted in difficulty with executive functioning such as planning and working memory; as well as regulation such as emotional regulation. On this account anything Tom was told before the accident including the divorce he has no recollection of. Additionally, the accident has also resulted in a ‘personality change’ in Tom, thus putting pressure on Suzie, as sh...
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...es. Another source of support Suzie can look towards is a social worker. The social worker may both assist and improve Suzie’s wellbeing individually as well as including the family in case services to maintain distress and help their relationships. Through professional supports, Suzie will be able to address her health compromising behaviors and barriers that may be effecting her that will enable her to change negative behaviors and start living a happy and healthy life with whatever the decision she makes.
To conclude, through a number of health-compromising behaviors and barriers, Suzie is finding the situation with her husband Tom very distressing. It is important to note however that in an effort to cope, Suzie must identify coping mechanisms and supports, that will not only benefit herself, but benefit the lives of her children as well as her husband Tom.
option, she decides to pursue another avenue. She first tries to attempt to see if it would be possible for Mr. Kirby to return home to his son’s house instead. However, all assessments of this possible route are ended with an excuse on the son’s part. It is at this point that the social worker then presents the option of an assisted care facility to the son, which is met with possible hope mixed with guilt (Goodyer, 2010). It is important to note that the options the social worker presents to the son are realistic. She makes sure to not give false hope of an easy road to get home health assistance, which is an vital part in ensuring that an informed decision is made. However, the fact that she completely writes off Mr. Kirby’s family as an avenue for help or strength is not
Formulation of Problem/Needs: The client 's presenting problems are caused by her mother’s emotional verbal abuse. In spite of all, her emotional problems Ana maintains a positive outlook towards her future. Ana demonstrates self-determination as she clearly expresses her current issues. She struggles with overeating because she feels unloved and worthless. Ana is seeking services to overcome the resentment she feels towards her mother. She is requesting help to manage her coping skills and reduce her feelings of depression. According to Ana these feelings started at a young age. Ana’s current challenges are learning to cope with her mother’s verbal abuse. Anna will arrange monthly meetings with her social worker to talk about what methods she’s used to coping with her depression. Ana agrees that she needs to find positive away to communicate with her mother. Ana also stays that she wants to learn to be selfish and break free from the traditional stereotypical life of East LA. Ana would like to begin addressing the following
The LPN-Team Lead contacted the social worker about Dr. Sundaram’s patient. The patient is a single, Caucasian grandmother and mother of two; she is alert and orientated to person, place and time. The patient reports that she lives with her 16 year old daughter and 3 month old granddaughter. The patient states that she works two jobs, one full-time and one part-time job and she assist with the care of her new granddaughter while her daughter is a work. The patient report that she is feeling (angry) and hurt because her boyfriend of 11 years cheated on her when she was in the hospital and left her a month ago; this and the loss of her child last year at 6 months gestation in addition to her CHF, COPD and influenza appears to have left the patient feeling of depression and hopelessness. The social worker noted that the patient scored a 19 on her PHQ-9, although she denies thoughts of suicide at this time. The patient states that she suffers from insomnia and gets approximately 2-3 hours of non-continuous sleep a night.
This section discusses health psychology and behavioral medicine, making positive life changes, resources for effective life change, controlling stress, behaving, and your good life. Health psychology emphasizes psychology’s role in establishing and maintaining health and preventing and treating illness. It reflects the belief that lifestyle choices, behaviors, and psychological characteristics can play important roles in health. The mind is responsible for much of what happens in the body, it is not the only factor, the body may influence the mind as well. Making positive life changes include health behaviors- practices that have an impact on physical well being. The stages of change model describes the process by which individuals give up bad habits and adopt healthier lifestyles. The model has five stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation/ determination, action/ willpower, and
The essay will describe the biopsychosocial model of health and its development including who developed the model, then it will look at the models separately which are the biomedical, psychological and sociological models. This essay will outline the effects that diabetes has on people in different ways in relation with the biopsychosocial model of health.
Mr. A is burdened with both of these diseases and he may suffer from further complications in the future do to his condition. Public health education campaigns can inform Mr. A that he is experiencing a pre-contemplation behavioural stage in which he is not aware of a need to change his current lifestyle. As previously stated, the case shows that study Mr. A is not currently living a lifestyle that supports the management of his current health conditions. In conjunction with the transtheoretical theory, health campaigns can inform Mr A about his diagnosed conditions and encourage him to change his habits by understanding the 6 behavioural stages. Although the transtheoretical model of can be beneficial in educating Mr. A’s behaviour. Addition of maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory would yield a better outcome for Mr. A by explaining why he has not currently changed his behaviour. Communities can additionally help to support Mr. A by taking on the role of facilitating, participating, fundraising and volunteering in health promotions. With the amalgamation of the knowledge of behavioural theories, exposure to multimodal education campaigns and communities participating in health education interventions, Mr. A can be informed if his current health
Firstly, as a GP, it is crucial to explore the biopsychosocial model of health. One must realise that biological, psychological and social factors all contribute to a person’s overall health. The social dimension cannot be ignored in Anne’s case. According to the World Health Organisation, the social determinants of health are ‘the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age.’ (World Health Organisation. 2013) From the information provided, one could suggest that various social factors have contributed to Anne’s obesity. Anne grew up in a deprived area of the inner city. Growing up in a deprived area does not directly cause obesity, however, social determinants are known as causes of the causes of ill health. (WMA. 2011) Obesity can be caused by consuming too many calories, leading a sedentary lifestyle and not sleeping enough. (Christian Nordqvist. 2011) These, in turn, could be referred to as consequences of living in the inner city. Studies have shown that ‘inner city parents have high levels of anxiety about neighbourhood safety. While these concerns may not entirely explain the discrepancy in activity levels between inner city and suburban children, a safe environment is crucial to increasing opportunities for physical activity.’ (Weir, L.A., Etelson, D. & Brand, D.A. 2006) Similarly, it is possible that Anne’s socio-economic status has influenced her smoking since a person below the poverty threshold is more likely than somebody at or above the threshold to be both a current smoker and not to have quit. (Flint, A.J. & Novotny, T.E. 1997)
From my cultural standpoint and from experience I would find Janice’s health and wellbeing be a major problem. In my culture we believe in strength. If Janice isn 't strong and healthy in mind and body, there 's no way she would be able to take care of her family as well as herself. Also in my culture we believe in providing for our family. I think it 's a big problem that Janice cannot provide for her family because of lack of work. Without having a job there 's no way she can put food on the table or pay for housing.
This model considers other aspects of an individual 's life such as their culture and environment. Unlike the biomedical model, the social model tries to prevent the disease in the first place, so it focuses more on educating people and health promotion. The biomedical looks at an individual’s physical disease but the social model also looks at a person’s well-being. According to Stephan Sutton, Andrew Baum and Marie Johnston (2004) the SAGE Handbook of Health psychology ‘a combination of high psychological demands, such as time pressure and low decision latitude increases the risk of psychophysiological stress reactions and subsequent ill
...th this man, but she was treating her children the only way she knows how, which was how she was raised. Lynn was eventually hospitalized because of extreme weight loss and was immediately assigned to a government mental health case worker. Lynn’s case was very extreme due to the exposure of her long term trauma. She was diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder and obsessive compulsive personality disorder. Her therapy sessions exposed her to major traumatic memories and it would cause her to collapse on the floor and reenact her past. Her team of therapists integrated and applied theories of structural dissociation, attachment, and mentalization to provide a foundation of treatments for Lynn. Their work load was very challenging with Lynn, but it also deepened their appreciation and compassion for who Lynn is and how she has survived throughout her life.
It is good to be supportive no matter what happens to another person. Comforting them when they experience difficulty and rejoicing when they have success is what relationships are about. This is the case of Brandy who called her former academic advisor Sally for help. Recently, Brandy began living with her niece and her niece’s boyfriend, after Brandy’s move from California. However, the living arrangement is not working out. She is not regularly taking her medication for her bi-polar illness and this results in her having delusions and other symptoms. So, she asks Sally if she can live with her for six months. Sally encourages Brandy to seek help through a community resource that can help her manage her medication, and provide counseling and housing. However, Brandy does not want to go into a therapeutic setting, which she has had to do numerous times, so she wants to get back on track in life in her own way. Still, Sally mentions some names and phone numbers of some resources to help her. She knows that it would not be a good idea to allow Sally to live with her under the circumstance, and she encourages her to keep in touch no matter what Bandy ends up doing. Also, Sally knows that Brandy has ten brothers and sisters and wonders why she is not staying with any of them. Sally’s deceased brother used to have bi-polar, and she is familiar with some of the signs and symptoms of it.
In society today, there is an extensive range of definitions of health and wellbeing which can be seen as both positive and negative. A Holistic view can also be identified and defined. These definitions of health have changed over time and will carry on changing within the future. According to where a family lives or their social class everyone will have different meanings and views of health and wellbeing. This may be due to what one person perceives as being healthy as another person may not. Channel 4 learning (no date) describes that a positive view of health can be seen as when a person is more likely to achieve and sustain physical fitness from exercising and are mentally stable. Therefor a negative view can be described when a person is free from illness, disease, mental distress or anything which may be a symptom of not having good health. The holistic view of health sees the person as a whole instead of just directing at one area and therefore combines physical, social, intellectual and emotional factors together. Consequently, if a person has emotional difficulties such as how they interact with other people or how they may feel but are physically fit and free from illness does not mean that they are healthy overall as one factor has difficulties. It is also vital to consider the two main theoretical concepts known as the medical and social model of health. Polity books (no date) describes that the medical model views health in terms of disease, diagnosis and then treatment and very much views a body to be separate from psychological processes. Causes of ill-health within the body are seen to require expert interference from a doctor to provide treatment to prevent or kill of an illness within the body. The Social model...
Health psychology is a relatively new concept rapidly growing and could be defined as the biological and psychological influences affect ones behaviour also bringing in social influences of health and illness (MacDonald, 2013). Biological determinants consider genetic and biological factors of an illness whereas psychological determinants focus on the psychological factors such as why people behave the way they do when dealing with issues such as anxiety and stress. Models such as the Health Belief Model and Locus of Control were developed in attempt to try and explain psychological issues around a chronic illness such as breast cancer (Ogden, 2012). Sociological factors can cause an enormous amount of pressure for one to behave in a certain way for example gender roles in society and religious considerations when dealing with health beliefs. Health Beliefs can be defined as one’s own perception to their own personal health and illness and health behaviours (Ogden, 2012). There are also theories and models used to explain pain and coping with diagnosis such as Moos and Schaefer (1984) Crisis theory and Shontz (1975) cycle of grief people go through when being diagnosed with a serious illness.
Health psychology has been an appealing subject to me because it is relatable on many levels. Of the topics we have covered in class I think unit 3 have left the deepest impression. Stress is something everyone can relate to but probably understood on the minimum. Stress is a common experience for university students and without an exception I fall victim to it every time an exam or presentation comes up. Learning about this topic, what stress is, what it does to your body, how it affects your behavior has lead me to reflect upon past experiences in a way that I can learn to better cope with the effects of stress.
Health psychology is defined as “the branch of psychology that concerns individual behaviours and lifestyles affecting a person’s physical health” (Brannon et al., 2013). It was first established in 1978 when the behavioural sciences contributed to the learning understanding of health and illness. Health psychology combines with a various network of fields including biology and philosophy. These combined can help to assist the work of clinical health psychologists to understand health related behaviour (Matarzzo, 1980). Health related behaviour is the behaviour by a person who believes to be healthy to prevent disease (Kasl and Cobb, 1966).