Cross culturally fertility and childbearing are a major concern due to the significance of passing on heritage, family names, and values to the next generation. Additionally, in many cultures the children are responsible for the care of their parents when they become elderly. Infertility is a universal concern in both Western and developing countries. It is estimated that up to 168 million people across the globe are affected with infertility. The bulk of these cases reside within developing countries (Vayena & Rowe, 2002). When couples are having trouble conceiving a child it is a source of distress for both partners (Helman, 2007, p. 176). This distress can be manifested in a variety of ways that adversely affect the family structure.
To discuss the concept of infertility, it needs to be understood in the context of each individual culture. The World Health Organization advises the definition of infertility be 24 months of unprotected sex without conception (Whitehouse & Hollos, 2014, p.124). However, some cultures define infertility as having too few children, not conceiving soon after marriage, etc. It is evident that there is a gap between the medical definition and some cultural definitions of infertility. According to Whitehouse and Hollos (2014), social organization and kinship formed the definition and experience of infertility within two of the Nigerian communities they studied. For example, in the community of the Amakiri, the birth of a child is important to the status of a woman amongst the other women. Until a woman gives birth she is unable to partake in the “women’s association meetings”, a major social opportunity. Therefore, the women deemed infertile by the community are are socially isolated from the other wo...
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...inic. The couple explicitly said that in vitro fertilization and adoption are against their beliefs. While this leaves little options for the doctor, he acted as though they had not said anything and attempted to promote in vitro. I could see the trust was gone. Therefore, I think that clinicians need to learn about other cultures views are on conception as well as emphasize basic communication skills. Perhaps a seminar or a workshop could be held to explore cross-cultural beliefs. Also, talk with them about acknowledging the patient’s views, explaining theirs, and compromising. Furthermore, when talking to the patient’s physicians need to remember to address the couple not the woman. This was something I had witnessed even when the man was the one with the issue. By only addressing the woman, the clinician is insinuating that it is the woman’s responsibility.
They believe the only issue is with the fertility clinic not doing their part in creating a sound environment that is geared developing a child not money centered. The third author’s outlook lead more towards providing counseling as a direction for the couple’s situation. They believe that its necessary to seek outside help to provide guidance on handling this matter. The stress, tension, and uncertainty that is arising in the individuals that are involves needs a middle man of a professional background to give insight them on how to handle these matters. The last author displayed his opinion as focuses more on incorporating all parties in the process of child birth. The author believes that everyone should not only consider the importance it has on one’s self, on the unborn, and
The addition of a child into a family’s home is a happy occasion. Unfortunately, some families are unable to have a child due to unforeseen problems, and they must pursue other means than natural pregnancy. Some couples adopt and other couples follow a different path; they utilize in vitro fertilization or surrogate motherhood. The process is complicated, unreliable, but ultimately can give the parents the gift of a child they otherwise could not have had. At the same time, as the process becomes more and more advanced and scientists are able to predict the outcome of the technique, the choice of what child is born is placed in the hands of the parents. Instead of waiting to see if the child had the mother’s eyes, the father’s hair or Grandma’s heart problem, the parents and doctors can select the best eggs and the best sperm to create the perfect child. Many see the rise of in vitro fertilization as the second coming of the Eugenics movement of the 19th and early 20th century. A process that is able to bring joy to so many parents is also seen as deciding who is able to reproduce and what child is worthy of birthing.
The history in a family can influence many generations. Certain families have stereotypes about them based on family history. This is a real world situation; the movie The Pregnancy Project, stereotypes about teen pregnancy where shown, and how they affect people. In the Pregnancy Project, the use of Gabi’s background influenced people’s reactions because her family has a history of teen pregnancy.
First, let’s define Infertility? Infertility is the inability to conceive from unprotected sex within a year. According to National Infertility Association(NIA), approximately 1 in 8 couples in the U.S-about 10-15% experience infertility. Infertility doesn’t discriminate against gender or race, therefore, it impacts both men and women equally, and that range from ages 15-50. In addition, any fertile individual could experience this condition, therefore, one can develop it later in life. This condition is shared by about 6 + million women in the U.S. and about 3-4.7 million men were diagnosed in with infertility, including 14% sperm/semen and 6% varicocele, which is an enlarged vein inside the male scrotum, pouch that holds the testicles of a male, therefore this blocks the blood from through the blood stream.
“Managing Infertility.” USNews.com. Stanford University Medical Center, 31 Mar. 2007. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. .
Fertilization is a very important aspect in a human life. Without fertilization, human cannot reproduce and no offspring will be produced. This means that the human race will be completely wiped out in more or less a century. So when there is a problem in the human fertility, it is very important to have a solution to overcome this problem.
Infertility is the inability to conceive any children after 12 months of trying to conceive after having unprotected sex. The infertility condition can be present in both partners. The cause may be physical, including immature sexual organs, abnormalities of the reproductive system, hormonal imbalance, and dysfunction or abnormalities in other organ systems, or it may result from psychologic or emotional problems. There are treatments for men or women like drugs, assisted reproductive technology, in vitro fertilization (IVF), artificial insemination, and surgery.
3. Chandra A; Martinez GM, Mosher WD, Abma JC, Jones J (November 2005). Fertility, Family Planning, and Reproductive Health of U.S.Women: Data From the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Hyattsville, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services. pp. 17, 90. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
Lenox, Naomi. (1999). When Fertility Therapy Runs Amok: Debating the ethics and dangers of multiple births. Midwest Today. Retrieved November 1, 2004, from the World Wide Web: http://www.midtod.com/fertility.phtml
The two myth of motherhood that supports the information on this interview are “Motherhood is the ultimate fulfillment of a woman. It is natural and necessary experience for all women. Those who do not want to mother are psychologically disturbed and those who want to but cannot are fundamentally deprived” (Crawford, 2011, p.263). This myth supports the information on this interview because infertile couples or couples that have a hard time conceiving children fly to India from all over the world to hire women in India as surrogate mothers. Mother is the ultimate fulfillment of a woman and that is why couples
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by the removal or expulsion of a fetus or embryo from the uterus before viability (dictionary.com). Those who disagree with abortion think that this is not right, mid evil and a form of murder. All of those thoughts are correct; abortion is the act of removing a fetus from the protection of the mother’s uterus. However, is it not the duty of the mother to protect her unborn child? In this day in age, we are still allowing this barbaric method of ending a pregnancy to happen despite the many alternatives. If an unexpected pregnancy should occur, abortion should not the only option. There are many reasons why abortion should not be illegal in all parts of the world, and people need to know the options available. Adoption is certainly a strong option in a world wanting for children. Abortion is not a method of birth control and people need to be educated on pregnancy prevention and take on some responsibilities.
As a young adult, it may seem foolish to predict what your future family life will look like, especially in regards to children. Often times this reality is forced upon a select few, particularly homosexual couples; however, with the innovation of in vitro fertilization (IVF), a couple is met with promise and the hope of a successful family life. IVF can be described as a process by which a fetus is genetically formed in a laboratory setting. Though this process may seem unnatural in essence, it allows for a more diverse family arrangement through medical innovation. This procedure, though controversial, is seen by many as an advancement in the medical field and can be accredited to procuring a healthy child for an unfortunate family, whether
I do believe the author’s conclusions were warranted given the study’s design. By using the results obtained from this study counselors can determine how to best help clients with various types of infertility issues. As the results of the study revealed the etiology of the infertility could be correlated with the type of stress the client experiences.
To start this off, conception is the action of conceiving a child, and pregnancy is the period from conception to birth. They both share the same meaning: the process of getting pregnant. Conception happens when a sperm penetrates on one of the female’s eggs. Then, at around day 14 of a 28 day cycle, the egg leaves the ovary, and it is surrounded by a protective layer of cells. The fallopian tube is lined with cilia, which helps move the egg towards the womb. This is called ovulation. In the next 12-24 hours, the egg waits to be fertilized by a single sperm. The sperm then swims through the womb to meet the egg in the fallopian tube. And the sperm secretes enzymes to help penetrate the outer layer of the egg. Once the
Teenage pregnancy is an important and a widespread problem in India revolving to public health studies. Although, in India minimum age of marriage for a female is 18 and male is 22, the law is not been strictly followed by the society. It is now leading to serious social and medical troubles such as maternal and child health problems. Data of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-3 discovered that 16% of women, aged 15-19 years, have already started childbearing. Most of the teenage mother in India has a joint family background. They are not allowed to take any decisions according to their desires. Their life is been shaped by family me...