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Compare and contrast between qualitative and quantitative research
Characteristics of qualitative research approach
Compare and contrast between qualitative and quantitative research
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Qualitative Research Research is conducted daily, whether the research is conducted and carried out through that of qualitative research or quantitative research. Strongly the type of research in which is used tends to depend on the researchers purpose, with strong regards to the type of information in which the researcher is seeking to find. Qualitative research however strongly focuses on the descriptions and the deeper meaning, which can be associated with that of data collection. With regards to qualitative research there can be many definitions to describe the actual meaning of this type of research, but strongly one needs to understand the basic concepts associated with that of qualitative research. One needs to look deeply as to how …show more content…
Many fields in today’s research think of qualitative research as an effective means of collecting data. They express this idea as a way to get different data than that of quantitative research. Which quantitative research they look morally into collecting numerical data in which that data can be analysed and transformed into useable statistics. From this idea showing that quantitative research is much different than that of qualitative research. Many fields like the idea of qualitative research because it tends to access the questions about peoples ways of life with regards to how they organize and interact to the world around them. Researchers in fields as strongly diverse as that of education, nursing, psychology, sociology, anthropology and marketing research, are common fields in which qualitative research can found to be used. These fields tend to look for the answers in which quantitative research might not be useful, allowing the fields to access thought and opinions, over that or numbers and statics. Although qualitative research can have its pros and cons, researchers like the idea that qualitative research offers many strengths and also in-depth understandings of how researchers can conduct the right study, in order to grasp valid results from the …show more content…
The researcher is there to look at a case. They may look at one case or look at many cases. The cases tend to be unique to a certain research topic in which the researcher is trying to find more research about. The data in which is collected maybe about a certain individual or a group of people. In-depth interviews are often conducted to allow for deep information to be found or determined. Ground Theory Ground theory can be looked at as another form of qualitative research, in which the approach is developing a theory from the data in which the research collects. From this the research tends to use in-depth interviews, and tend to focus on focus groups to rely on getting the most data in which they hope to be valid. The sample sizes for ground theory tend to be more limited; with regards to this type of study is very time consuming. Historical Research Historical research can be looked at as another form of qualitative research, where the event in which is being studied has happened in the past. This type of research looks morally with regards to history, and passed life experiences. Looking at the changes in depression over the years starting in the 19th century. This type of research makes the past come back to that of the present. Allowing for future studies to be conducted regarding this type of
There are two types of research that can be conducted in research studies, these are qualitative and quantitative (Newman, 2011). Qualitative research is a process that uses detailed oriented methodology that tries to achieve a profound knowledge or understanding of specific incident and circumstance, wh...
The type of data collection for a qualitative research study depends on the research design. The qualitative design itself originates out of the disciplines and flow throughout the process of research (Creswell, 2014). Creswell (2014) recommends narrative, phenomenology, ethnography, case study, and grounded theory as common qualitative research methods. These were recommended because of they are popular across the social and health and science research studies. Hays and Woods (2011) asserted that selecting a research tradition congruent with one's research orientation and study purpose, and at the same time, infusing it in all phases of qualitative inquiry, is one of the key criterions for trustworthiness of the research results. Hays and Woods (2011) recommends six qualitative research traditions, including ground theory, phenomenology, consensual qualitative research, ethnography, narratology, and participative action research. Indeed, while there are additional qualitative research methods available, scholars have identified these six qualitative traditions consistently or identified them as emerging and common methods of qualitative research (Hays & Woods, 2011).
However, Grounded Theory is identified as ?a qualitative research design in which inquirer generates a general explanation (a theory) of a process, an action, or an interaction shaped by the views of a large number of
There are debates on why qualitative and quantitative can be combined because the two approaches share the goal of understanding the world in which we live Haase & Myers (1980). However, Reichath &Rallis (1994) argued that the two paradigms are incompatible if the qualitative paradigm assumes that there are no external referents for understanding reality. Howe (1988) suggests that researchers should forge ahead with what works. Quantitative research makes no attempt to have personal relationship with the people being studied and to account of their view. The accounts include feelings, beliefs these being concept of feminist work. Feminism holds on to qualitative method because are interested in how ordinary people observe and describe their Silverman (1993).
Thematic analysis is espoused to be the foundational approach to qualitative analysis and methods (Saunders et al., 2016 as stated in Braun and Clarke, 2006: 78) and it is a useful method used to identify and analyse the order and patterns of qualitative data (Attride-Stirling, 2001). Qualitative research method depicts the correlation that exists between data and events, creating the pictorial representation of what one thinks a given data says (Saunders et al., 2016). They also opined that, qualitative data analysis is cogent, interactive and iterative. Also, Joana and Jill (2011) and Saunders et al (2016) postulate that, qualitative research brings meanings from words and images as opposed to numbers. However, despite its robustness and rigour of its application, it is skewed more to the interpretivist ideologies since researchers draw conclusion from participants and the hypothesis being forecasted (Joana and Jill, 2011; Saunders et al., 2016).
The term methodology refers to the way in which we approach problems and try to find answers and in social science, it applies to how research is conducted, our assumptions, interest and purposes shape which methodology we choose (Steven, 2016:3).Qualitative research is understanding people from their own perspectives, their viewpoint and experiencing reality as they experience it. Qualitative research has many approaches or methods of collecting data and one of them is an interview which I have chosen to explain further based on it as a method of collecting data. The interview is the most common method of data gathering used in qualitative research and it is used in deferent ways by every main theoretical and methodological approach.
Qualitative research is an approach that attempts to situate an activity that locates the observer in the world by providing the study to occur in their natural setting and by attempting to make sense of, or interpret information (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). A characteristic of qualitative research is to use a variety of empirical materials such as personal experience, interviews, and questionnaires. It is imperative to understand the task at hand and how to fully carry out the study when using a qualitative research approach in order to find out the information needed. One view of qualitative research is it involves examining individual’s experiences and documenting those experiences in detail (Jones, 2011). By documenting these observations the researcher is ensuring validity in his or her data and giving the correct creditability to those who participated in the study.
The selection of research methodology and approaches much depend on the researcher’s theoretical lens. The nature of the research question also influences the researcher for choosing the research methodology. I believe that the educational phenomena need a qualitative methodology for in-depth understating. We cannot just rely on the numbers, this needs to address the how and why questions. In qualitative research, the researchers often spend more time in the field while collecting data in close contact with the research participants. This gives the researcher and research participants’ opportunity for personal contact and partnership. Building a partnership with study participants can lead to deeper insight into the context under study and richness and depth to the data. It is less concern about generalizability. The qualitative research treats people as research participants and not as objects as in the positivist research approach. The qualitative researcher becomes an insider to get views of the research participants and is more concerned with understanding the meaning of the
... data (Myers, 2013). To illustrate the application of grounded theory to the tourism and hospitality industry in this article, the two dimensional framework proposed Urquhart, Lehman and Myers (2010) is depicted in Figure 4. Connell and Lowe (1997) demonstrate interpretation on the degree of conceptualization on the x-axis and substantive focus of the theory scope on the y-axis (Myers, 2013). The article notes that data collection interview and fieldwork produced 40,000 words of data and sufficient evidence (Connell and Lowe, 1997), but the article does not show any of the data (Pratt, 2009). As a result, it is not clear how the researcher connects the data to the practical application of the approach in international tourism and hospitality industry. The article does explain the motive and need (Pratt, 2009) for inductive qualitative research using grounded theory.
In the first week I have learned about various health and safety issues of the community and its impact on the community. I also learned about participant observation, which is an important method of data collection in qualitative research, as well as various data collection methods of qualitative and quantitative studies. While exploring qualitative and quantitative studies, I have learned how to identify quantitative and qualitative studies. I also learned about how to make a quantitative and qualitative research question using the PICOT format as well as studied various research designs and randomized controlled studies. While studying about theory and variables, I learned about independent and dependent variables, qualitative and quantitative studies and its importance in research, trust worthiness, reliability and validity of research studies.
In this paper, I will define quantitative and qualitative research methods and provide examples in the context of social issues which will hopefully provide insight into how this methods are properly applied.
This essay intends to compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of the quantitative and qualitative approaches to research which addresses young people and bullying using two journal articles. The first article (quantitative) aims to “establish the relationship between recurrent peer victimisation and the onset of reported symptoms of anxiety or depression in the early teen years” (Bond et al. 2001, p. 480) while the second article (qualitative) aims to “investigate the nature of teenage girls’ indirect aggression” (Owens et al. 2000, p. 70).The two articles will be critically compared in terms of research design, methods used, approach to data analysis, reported results and the plausibility and appropriateness of the conclusions and recommendations posed. The aim of this essay is thus to evaluate and assess the methods of social science research currently undertaken in published research.
Qualitative and Quantitative study designs both can be beneficial in research design. They both provide valuable options for researchers in the field. These techniques can either be used separately in a research study or they can be combined to achieve maximum information. This paper will define the terms qualitative and quantitative; describe the similarities and differences between each; discuss how qualitative and/or quantitative research designs or techniques could be used in the evaluation of my proposed research; and discuss why linking analysis to study design is important.
Qualitative and quantitative researcher’s exhibited conflicting ways of approaching a research. Some researchers prefer qualitative over quantitative and vice-versa. Also, it is common for qualitative and quantitative to be used together in a research. But, both methods when carried out correctly provide good research. Plus, both methods have their own unique differences and characteristics. In this paper I will define three of these characteristics in a quantitative and qualitative research design and discuss and compare their differences. (Smith & Davis, 2010)
Qualitative data analysis is the process of transforming data into information, information into understanding and understanding into knowledge (Davenport & Prusak, 1998). Furthermore, qualitative data analysis can be described as a blend of scientific studies and artistic style to create an innovative product. The research acts as the primary research tool, and must be able to sustain composer throughout the entire study. In addition, the researcher must be able to pay attention to the small details of the study, without losing sight of the big picture of the study (Chenail, 2012).