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Bias in everyday life
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Paper 1 (Draft) Mindbugs. It’s a catch-all term touched on in Chapter 1 by the authors of Blindspot, Banaji and Greenwald. It is defined as: “Ingrained habits of thought that lead to errors in how we perceive, remember, reason and make decisions” (4). They readily supply mistaken ideas about different of human (social) groups. The authors argue that prejudicial thinking is often hidden from our conscious brains. The human brain contains a huge storage space full of associations between individuals and certain characteristics that many times, cause us to misidentify others. These cues are ingrained in all of us which lead to errors. They’re called social mind bugs.
Have I ever misidentified another human being based on his or her facial expressions?
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As soon as I saw the person behind the wheel, I immediately interpreted the individual as a “bad guy” based on how he looked. I have associated a perfectly fit elderly person as being totally fragile and that turned out to be false. It’s easy to assume that most doctors are males. Although, I know that not to be true! I have seen people who appear to be out of shape and assumed they were unfit. I’ve been proven to be wrong multiple times. I believe that this is all part of living in a human society with a human brain that acts unconsciously. Like Banaji and Greenberg said, “people make assessments within a few seconds or fractions of a second” (16). We as humans do not create biases willingly, but it is important to be aware of them to give us greater control over our choices. According to the writers, “Human beings are considered social animals, first and foremost” (13). As humans, we tend to pay close attention to others. A great example of this is when we make assessments of others based on a simple photograph or even facial expressions of an individual. The book explains how judgments of these kinds “may not just be a little wrong but quite wrong” (15). Sometimes, we as humans perceive …show more content…
It can provide some insight into what creates discrimination of various types. Research can offer us an understanding of how they could occur. They just might offer change through awareness. The understanding of this subject has the potential to change the cultural language. With this knowledge, it should provide some awareness, and in turn, possible behavioral changes in our social environments. Once we can identify our own mindbugs, we then need to acknowledge their existence. They might go against everything we believe in consciously, but it may provide us with the opportunities to make very deliberate choices to go against the hidden biases within us. In doing so, we may need to find others who we normally would not associate with due to their backgrounds being opposite of ours. In other words, we may need to come out of our comfort zones and specific routines when we make decisions. If we do this, it may prevent biases from shaping our behavior as well as our attitudes. Perhaps, it may influence all of us to critically re-think our beliefs in being an honest and fair society. If all of us have the power to weaken mindbugs by examining our own actions, we use it to make a positive change in our lives and the rest of the
The power of stereotypes stored in the brain was a daunting thought. This information enlightened me about the misconceptions we carry from our cultural experiences. Also, it startled me that according to (Banaji and Greenwald, 2013) “those who showed high levels of White Preference on the IAT test were also those who are most likely to show racially discriminatory behavior,” (pg. 47). I reflected on this information, and it concerned me that my judgments were simply based on past cultural experiences. This mindbug was impacting my perception of someone before I even had a chance to know him.
social groups. Whenever someone is placed in a situation where a certain stereotype can be
Research has discovered ways to reduce stereotype threat and I myself have thought of a study that could be done to reduce stereotype threat. Through several articles I was introduced to stereotype threat and how it is a problem in our society. When we are part of a negative stereotype it can limit us in performing a task to our fullest potential. Stereotype threat can cause higher anxiety levels, lower self-expectation, lack of motivation and can take our attention away from important things. Because of stereotype threat we face underachievement and inaccurate results in task performance. If my study were to be conducted I believe that it would help recognize another threat that exists and find out ways to reduce it. As attention to stereotype threat grows, research and studies should continue and focus on reducing stereotype threat in our society.
“vulnerable to manipulate” and that it is “more often than not a willful ignorance and acceptance of stereotypes.” Bissoondath’s article discusses through examples of two men who are very friendly, who make unconscious insensitive remarks that are based on stereotypes. He also goes on to describe
“Two dangers arise when in-group members have little exposure to out-groups members or knowledge of out-group history” (Ramirez-Berg pg. 18). One is that history can be replaced by other group’s experience. Two is the stereotypical image can be taken as normal or even natural. The five functions of stereotyping that are developed and passed on to others. The first two are focused on a personal level. One is cognitive function of the environment. Two is motivational function protecting values. “The remaining three are at group level, where stereotypes contribute to the creation and maintenance of group beliefs which are then used…” (Ramirez-Berg pg. 28). Three is explaining in a large-scale social event. Four is to justify action. Five is to differentiate in and out
Some common ethnic stereotypes are derived out of implicit social cognition, also known as implicit bias. The Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity defines implicit bias in their report titled, “Understanding Implicit Bias”. “… Implicit bias refers to the attitudes or stereotypes that effect our understanding, actions, and decisions in an unconscious manner” (“Understanding Implicit Bias”). Stereotypes from implicit bias contrast with others because they are created in one’s subconscious, not necessarily from a palpable event or reason. Implicit biases can become rooted in a person’s subconscious in several different manners. “In addition to early life experiences, the media and news programming are often-cited origins of implicit associations,” says the Kirwan Institute (“Understanding Implicit Bias”). The manner in which the American media portrays specific groups of people influence the implicit biases of the American people. These biases causes people to have feelings or attitudes about other races, ethnicities, age groups, and appearances (“Understanding Implicit
It sometimes give “the perception of ‘token appointments’ [of individuals] who could not be hired or promoted on performance ability alone” (Von Bergen, Soper, & Foster, 2002, p. 242). It can also create more discrimination in the form of reverse discrimination where those formerly believed to be discriminators are now unfairly victimized because of the color of their skin. Diversity training can sometimes be demoralizing and reinforces stereotypes when trainers resort to emphasizing differences that elicits anger and divisiveness (Von Bergen, Soper, & Foster, 2002, p. 245). Businesses can find their legal liabilities have increased when “unorthodox training techniques invade employee privacy and humiliate individuals in front of their co-workers” (Von Bergen, Soper, & Foster, 2002). According to Choi’s research “individuals in diverse groups tend to fell less safe and to trust each other less. Lower trust is more likely to lead to higher conflicts within groups” (Choi, 2008, p.
The brain is one of the most complex as well as one of the most vital organs of the human body. It's utter perplexity still causes the most astound thinkers to step back and contemplate the way it works. Every second the brain processes four-hundred billion bits of information, while only two-thousand of those bits people become aware of. One can also observe that with so much information to process, there is a plethora of information in the world that can be obtained than what is actually being perceived. Unknowingly, people criticize others and make judgments without even being aware of their perception. Although it is said that one can acquire the skills to make judgments that are unbiased and are constructed of a wide range or base of background knowledge, one simply does not have the time to think about thinking. People instinctively judge others constantly by their mere appearance despite the fact that it is considered immoral. It is so common that one does not even realize when they are doing it. In the grocery store, at work, at school; No matter where one may be, they are making snap judgments. The irony and truth of the matter is that a majority of the time, those subconscious decisions or judgments that one makes and are unbeknownst to them are strangely correct. (Hirshon)
Some feel that affirmative action in universities is the answer to the end of racism and inequality. If more black students get into and graduate from good colleges, more of them will go on to even out the lopsided numbers in the work force. Prejudice secretly slips through everyone¹s thoughts. Or so Barbara Ehrenreich believes when she writes of a quiet, subliminal prejudice that is caused by statistics that prove the fewer numbers of blacks in high profile jobs. When we see ninety percent of leadership roles in the corporate world held by white men, we begin to doubt other¹s competence in that field. With so many minorities in menial roles, people begin to believe the white man is best for ...
In many circles of the world, various groups of people distinguish themselves from one another through religion, language, culture, and sometimes gender. People also develop stereotypes about a particular group of people in order to identify them. However, most of the time, these stereotypes hold true for only some members of a group. Sometimes, these stereotypes are just plain misconceptions that do not even apply to the group they claim to be. Stereotypes are placed on people because it is a way to easily identify what type of person or ethnicity an individual is.
Much of the research on false consensus has demonstrated that people tend to over project how many members of their in-group are likely to share their attitudes and behaviors. This effect diminishes when comparing to an out-group. It is thought that this occurs because people feel that people who they do not consider to share a group identity with will likely have different basic attitudes and behaviors than they.
This allowed people to write down all stereotypes they know of African Americans. The results showed that both low and high prejudice groups wrote down similar stereotypes and therefore there was no significant differences between the groups and any category. “High- and low-prejudice persons are indeed equally knowledgeable of the cultural stereotype (Devine, 1989).” Although this is the case for both high- and low-prejudice persons, this does not mean that consciousness of a stereotype equals the influence and inevitability of prejudice. “The inevitability of prejudice approach, however, overlooks an important distinction between knowledge of a cultural stereotype and acceptance or endorsement of the stereotype” (Ashmore & Del Boca, 1981; Billig, 1985). Knowing about versus actually believing in stereotype are two very different things: “Beliefs can differ from one’s knowledge about an object or group or one’s affective reaction toward the object or group (Pratkanis, in press).” Therefore, while stereotypes are automatically activated, beliefs require conscious
The ignorance that plagues the entire world is in need of correction. Even the most educated people in the world exercise similar behaviors. It is nearly impossible, inevitable really, for any person exposed to a group of people toavoid making generalizations based on a few en...
Prejudice, there is more than one type: intellectually, morally, racial, religious, sexist, and/or social. The definition of prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience. If ‘preconceived opinion’ is broken down, preconceived means formed before finding evidence of its truth or usefulness. Opinion means a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird, prejudice is described as the “simple hell people give other people without even thinking” (pg. 269: ch. 20) and the novel powerfully portrays examples of racial, social, and sexist prejudice.
proves that people will judge somebody sooner than they would get to know them. Regularly, individual people are very friendly, but because of there. actions throughout history or their rivalling religious beliefs. often see them as being a possible threat and treat every person of that race as if they were the same. This is called stereotyping.