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Summary of antigone sophocles
The problem of Antigone in Sophocles’ tragedy
The problem of Antigone in Sophocles’ tragedy
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A foil character is a character who makes the characteristics and personality of the protagonist stand out. The foil character might be an enemy or an acquaintance of the protagonist. The term “Foil Character”, comes from a medieval practice of placing a metal foil around a gemstone, to make it shine brighter. In Antigone, Ismene could be considered the foil character to Antigone. Ismene is Antigone’s sister. Antigone is much bolder and more independent than her sister is. Both of the sisters are the symbol of the legacy of shame left by Oedipus's mistakes. Ismene shows great loyalty to her father when she alerts him to the situation with Creon, however, we see that Ismene's loyalty has a limit. Even though she morally agrees with Antigone’s decision to bury Polyneices, she is afraid to put her life in danger. …show more content…
Like her sister, Ismene seems to value family ties and the laws of the gods over the laws of man.
However, Ismene is not strong enough to stand up for her own beliefs. The courage to stand beside her sister eventually comes to Ismene. Sophocles suggests in the Prologue, that perhaps she is simply not as hot-blooded as Antigone. When Creon arrests Antigone and Ismene, Antigone is told that she will be executed. Ismene also asks to be executed with her sister Antigone. Ismene’s request angers Antigone, since she doesn’t think that Ismene should get credit for something she didn’t do, only knew about. While Ismene also loves her father and brothers, she realizes that fighting has only brought death to her family, and she does not see the point of continuing the
argument. With the advice from the chorus, Creon finally decided not to execute Ismene. Ismene ends the play alive, but with her morality ruined. The strong personality that Antigone is known for is also the thing that causes three suicides. If Antigone were more like her sister, this play wouldn't be a tragedy at all. In the end of the play, both women possess commendable qualities. Antigone's strength and personality allow her to affect all of Thebes before she commits suicide, and Ismene's relaxation allows her to bring hope for a more peaceful future for Thebes. All of this evidence reveals how Ismene is a foil character to Antigone.
In Antigone, character foils help the play by creating well-rounded characters. Many traits of Antigone and Creon, the two main characters, would be impossible to notice without the contrast of their character foils. Ismene and Haemon act as foils to Antigone and Creon, respectively. By juxtaposing these pairs against each other, we gain more insight on the play’s plot, themes, characters, and character relationships.
If you have the Harry Potter series, or almost any other story you have been introduced to this literary device that instantly makes your story attention-grabbing, and page-turning. This writing tool is known as a character foil. A character foil is a character that displays contrary, or opposite character traits. An example of a character foil is Draco Malfoy, and Harry Potter. Their rival relationship and other conflicts are the perfect example to showcase foils at work. To continue, in the iconic “Romeo and Juliet” written by William Shakespeare, there are two known character foils in the first Act: Benvolio and Tybalt, and the Nurse and Lady Capulet.
Eventually both Creon and Antigone are destroyed by the gods (and by each other) through their own actions. Antigone is a powerful character, strong-willed, determined and at times self-righteous. She is contrasted by her sister Ismene, who is weak and powerless. Though Antigone is a powerful character, she has no real political power and is dominated by one man, Creon. Creon is both the ruler of the state as well as the patriarch of her family.
At first she tries to convince her sister Ismene to join her in her plans, but Ismene refuses, she is not willing to give up her life at all, when Antigone is not only risking her life but also her marriage with Haemon. When Antigone meets Creon she proves her strength and spiritual power. Some say she is not a saint but a martyr. She combats Creon with insolence towards the civil authority, following always the laws of heaven.
Antigone, non-heroically, accuses Ismene of not loving her brother, but of course Ismene loved her brother, Ismene was just afraid of the king. Antigone, in the heat of the moment, took Ismene’s frightened state as a sign of the lack of love on Ismene’s part.
Although both sisters have lost their brothers, Antigone is the only one who will go against her king to do what she knows is right. When Antigone asks her sister if she will help her bury their brother Polyneices, Ismene responds with, “We are only women; we cannot fight with men, Antigone! The law is strong; we must give into the law…” (Ismene 774). Naturally, Ismene should be afraid for herself, as well for the safety of her sister because what Antigone is asking of her will mostly likely cause them both to be killed. However, she should be braver like Antigone, and realize that she must do what is morally right for their family, and give her brother the proper burial that he deserves. Afterward, when Antigone has already been captured, Ismene then comes forth to try and share the punishment that has been given to Antigone, but Antigone tells King Creon that she has done nothing. In addition, when Creon asks Ismene if she had anything to do with the crime, and Antigone denies it, Ismene then replies, “But now I know what you meant; and I am here to join you, to take my share of punishment” (Ismene 785). Although now Ismene feels like she needs to stand up to the King and do what is right for her
She reminds Antigone that they are the only family members left and pleads with her not to commit such a crime, but Antigone refuses to accept the logic in her sister’s argument and will not be swayed, even though the idea of her death clearly upsets her sister. Ismene later has a change of heart and wishes to die alongside her sister in order to honor the dead as well, she even confesses to Creon, but Antigone rejects her idea of being a martyr, saying that her own death “will suffice” (Sophocles 136). Ismene then imagines life without her sister. The idea of losing the only kin she has left on Earth terrifies Ismene. She pleads to Antigone, “what life is dear to me bereft of you?” (Sophocles 136). Ismene would rather die than live without Antigone. In deciding to give her life for her brother, Antigone neglects her sister, and acts selfishly. She therefore should not have signed herself over to death as it has severely negative effects on her only living
Ismene believes that women are “underlings” (76) and not “contend[ing] with men” (76) because she knows that men will always control society. This viewpoint of men’s domination of women depicts Ismene to be submissive to males while being fearful of men’s authority. Ismene is unable to have control over her destiny and decisions because she is fearful of men’s power over women, which leads to her refusing to bury Polynices. Later in the play, Ismene questions Creon’s judgment by saying “you’d kill your own son’s bride?” (641) which indicates that she is now aware that woman should have a voice and power in society. Her new understanding of Antigone’s message gives her the strength to query Creon, while additionally highlighting his cruelty. Ismene’s original belief of “submit[ing] to this” (77) and being a proper Greek girl, eventually transforms into becoming an advocate for Antigone. Her transformation defies men’s authority, the opposite of what she used to believe in.
Ismene is a coward and refuses to help her sister because she feared men. This fear propels her to turn her head to the disrespect that is been shown to her brother, Polyneices. Her character is a close representation of the viewpoints of the male gender regarding women. She is subordinate and weak-willed. She refuses to stand up to Creon even though in her heart she knows that his laws are morally wrong.
Antigone was not about to simply obey Creon’s absurd decree. She felt that her personal responsibility was to the gods and her family rather than the king. She then asked Ismene, her sister, to assist her with the burial, but was denied any help. Ismene justified her decision by telling Antigone that they were already punished and that there was no need to make matters worse for the two of them by defying Creon’s law.
Antigone did ask Ismene to help but she says, “I’m not disrespecting them. But I can’t act against the state. That’s not in my nature.” (97) Ismene did “try” to convince Antigone to not bury Polyneices but she didn’t convince hard enough. Antigone wanted Ismene to help for the sake of the brothers but she didn’t want to act against the state. When Creon asked who was involved, Ismene says, “I did it- I admit it, and she'll back me up. So I bear the guilt as well.” But she didn’t do it, and Antigone told Creon that. Ismene wanted to help, but she helped at the wrong time, she was too late. She did absolutely nothing, she tried but
In meeting Ismene, the reader is introduced to a wiser and obedient woman in terms of her understanding where she stands socially and realizing the consequences of rebellious actions. Ismene, throughout the play, serves as a tool by helping Antigone to become more resolute in her actions. Ismene has suffered just as much as Antigone, "no joy or pain has come my way" (16) Ismene says. Yet although she concedes that the sisters "were robbed of our two brothers" (17), she still accepts the will of the King "I must obey the ones who stand in power"(18).
When Antigone comes to her sister for assistance in burying their brother’s body, Ismene refuses. While this may be seen as an example of her cowardly, docile nature, such as how the line “You ought to realize we are only women” (61) is often interpreted, it shows that Ismene was aware of where she stood in Theban society. It is common knowledge that Ancient Greece was a patriarchy, with women holding little to no political power. Even beyond the fact that she and Antigone are women living in a male-dominated society, Ismene recognizes how low their family has fallen, with herself and Antigone being the children of a kin-slayer and his wife. A reasonable person in Ismene’s situation would most likely have acted in a similar manner, as it would be far too great of a risk to defy Creon. Ismene was simply aware that no one would come to the aid of Oedipus’s daughters when they faced “the edict of death”
Her brother is her own flesh and blood, a part of her family that has the absolute right to be properly buried. Antigone’s conscience would not allow her to leave Polynices as Creon’s law bid, which she reveals when she tells Creon, “But if I had allowed my own mother's son to rot, an unburied corpse — that would have been an agony.” According to her moral compass, to respect and honor her brother in his death transcends the fact that she is breaking the law as well as the fact that she is a woman. She is willing to break gender norms by stepping out of her way to be resistant and do what she believes is right. This shows that this issue of burying her brother is so important to her that she defies such immense barriers. Ismene, on the other hand, believes that these barriers are exactly the reason why they should not defy Creon, even if she does not agree with him. To Ismene, her own brother is to be condemned to an afterlife of sorrow and suffering just because a man’s word made it
Antigone’s own excessive pride drives her to her defeat. Her arrogance and strive for self-importance blinds her to the consequences of her actions. Ismene, Antigone’s sister, rejects to take part in the crime leaving Antigone all on her own. Ismeme declares “why rush to extremes? Its madness, madness” (Sophocles 80). Ismene fails to comprehend the logic behind her siste...