Importance Of Coordination Compounds

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According to Britannica online Encyclopaedia (n.d) a coordination compound is any type of substance that has a chemical structure which contains a metal as the central atom and surrounding it are groups of non-metals which are called ligands that are bonded by coordinate covalent bonds. This means that the bonding electrons are supplied by the ligand, the central atom is a Lewis acid (electron acceptor) and the ligand is a Lewis base ( electron donor). There are many of these compounds and have different uses in a variety of fields. Some of these compounds are vitamin B12, haemoglobin, dyes and pigments, and catalysts that are mostly used in preparing organic substances. Moeller et al (……) states that of the many uses of coordination compounds, these uses relies on each compounds ability to dissolve selectively or to bind metal ions or to remove ions from solution. According to Mickey (1981) coordination compounds play important roles in homogenous and heterogeneous catalysis, water purification, analytical chemistry, solvent extraction, photography, metallurgy and electrochemistry. Coordination compounds can be found in nature, and are very vital to living organisms. These compounds occur as enzymes and are called metalloenzymes an example of these enzymes is carboxypeptidase [(CPD)Zn]. This is a hydrolytic enzyme which is important in digestion. With this compound the coordinated metal ions are the places where catalytic activity happens. In Agriculture, humic acids which are organic compounds that accumulate in the soil from decaying organic matter. These humic acids bond with metal ions in the soil that are needed by plants. They then become soluble and are transported through the soil and the metals essential to the plant are...

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...on, and the end point of the reaction is detected by the colour change that occurs in the solution.
Chemwiki UCDAVIS (n.d) claims that the colour a coordination compound has can be determined by using the Crystal field theory. These colours are then used for the creation of pigments that are used for dyes in the industry of textiles. Coordination compounds are able to form these colours because their absorption energy falls within the range of the visible light spectrum. The colour that is visible in all chemical compounds is an indicator of the physical properties of the substance at atomic level.
When ligands are bonded to a transitional metal when forming a coordination compound a split of the d-orbital occurs. It is split into high and low energy orbitals, this energy difference is referred to as∆ and this delta is a property of both the ligand and the metal.

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