Some other innovative approaches to reaching out to immigrants outreach were found. In Milan, Italy, original tactics are used to advertise free programs for immigrants offered at the library. The program is called “Living Library” and promotes the library in the streets. Some of the ideas described include “Librarian cooks in the marketplace,” “Walkers on stilts.” and “Homer in the coffee bar” (Vimercati and Pirola 2011, 391-392).
An outreach program at the racetrack in Arlington Heights, Illinois, targets seasonal workers and their families. A bookmobile that has been present for a number of years has helped build trust in the library (Voss 2005, 325-326 quoted in Hammond-Todd 2008, 38). See Turabian 19.10 for proper style for secondary
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source of quotation. You will need to list Voss in the reference list. To advertise adult literacy classes, a public library in Dallas ran a successful advertising campaign that included announcements in Spanish-language newspapers and radio stations, churches, supermarkets, and schools.
This campaign resulted in a much higher than expected turn out of Spanish speakers registering for the classes (Medina 2013, 37).
Planning
Baumann (2011) proposes multiple plans in all aspects of library operations to improve outreach services to Latinos. Similarly, Library Services Immigrants Abridged “Library Services for Immigrants, an Abridged Version ”(2009, 125) considers planning a crucial step in the development of programs and services for immigrant patrons. It provides a step-by step guide to developing a plan for this group of users.
Vårheim (2011, 12, 13) indicates that the behavior and attitude of immigrants who participate in library programs should be further researched in order to plan new programs and services. To bridge the digital divide, Valentine (2008, 199, 200) discusses the need for planning for multilingual use of computers and Internet resources in libraries to make them more user friendly to non-English speaking users.
Issues External to both the Latino Population and Public
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Libraries The literature reveals a number of external issues affect both the Latino population and public libraries. Funding shortages due to budget cuts and politics could affect programming, services and collections recommended to non-English speakers (Lynch 2015, 22). The rapid growth of the Hispanic population in a local area could affect the availability of services and materials offered to Spanish speakers (Ahuile 2012, 22-23; Avila 2008). Anti-immigrant legislation and racism are also important considerations that may affect the availability of services for Spanish speakers. Adkins and Burns conducted a study that analyzed the results of two surveys conducted in 1999 and 2009 respectively about Arizona public libraries service to Latinos. The study concludes that despite library professional staff’s strong position in favor of equal service to all, nativist anti-immigrant legislation affects the use of the public library by Latinos. This legislation makes Latinos fearful and unsafe on the streets and causes a decrease in their use of the library (2013, 67). Hansson (2011) conducted a study to find out what was being done to meet the needs of minorities in Sweden.
A questionnaire was sent to public libraries across the country, and 181 surveys were completed and analyzed. The study concluded that, although libraries were doing a good job in providing services and materials to minorities, there was one aspect that all the libraries were neglecting. This was the presentation of these minorities as part of Sweden’s cultural heritage and Sweden’s self-image. Hansson (2011, 413) states that there is tension between these minorities and the mainstream population: on one hand, they want to feel integrated The use of a convenience sample has limitations: It will not be representative of the population. There will be a selection bias since people interviewed will be Latinos who visit a Latino market, and these may be people who don't speak English very well, Latinos who are perhaps more integrated with American society and may speak better English may feel comfortable going to non-Latino markets. It will not be possible to generalize results. In addition, the Sarasota Latino population is not characteristic of the U.S as shown in the table
below:
The Latino community is a very varied community each with its own unique past and circumstances. In the book Harvest of Empire by Juan Gonzalez the readers can learn and appreciate some of the experiences and history that the different Latino groups had. This book does this with a special emphasis on immigration trends. These points of emphasis of the book are explained thoroughly in the identification of the key points, the explanation of the intersection of race, ethnicity, and class, in addition to the overall evaluation of the book.
The Latino Generation: Voices of the New America is a book written by Mario T. Garcia. This book tells the individual life stories of individual Latino Americans all attending the same class at University of California, Santa Barbra. The book discloses stories and events told by 13 students each who narrate from first person and give us a brief description of their life. The book is composed of 13 sections with an additional introduction and conclusion (Garcia, Kindle). Within this reflection I will describe the key points within this book and compare the stories within this book not only to each other, but also to additional stories of Latino Americans and how Garcia’s book rids the general public of misconception of Latinos.
Gonzalez, Juan. Harvest of Empire a History of Latinos in America. New York: Penguin Putnam Inc, 2000.
Immigrants must overcome many barriers to succeed in America. First, migrants frequently must learn a new language. Inability to communicate is a critical barrier for accessing the health care system (Urrutia-Rojas, Marshall, Trevino, Lurie, & Minguia-Bayona, 2006). Second, the processes of work and schooling for themselves and their families can be daunting. Lastly, immigrants use the established social network of longer duration residents for reference and knowledge (Nandi, Galea, Lopez, Nandi, Strongarone, & Ompad, 2008). For purposes of this report, there are three different types of immigrant: legal, undocumented, and refugees or persons seeking asylum. All three types of residents want to succeed and achieve their personal dream.
Eleanor Roosevelt said, “the future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.” That statement holds strong for immigrants in America. Equal access to opportunities allows immigrants to achieve the American dream. Their success correlates with America’s success because of the contributions immigrants provide to America. Unfortunately, the current immigration policy in America denies many immigrants the American dream. It is crucial to understand the historical context of immigration in America. Initially, most immigrants were from Europe and were not restricted by any immigration laws. Now, most immigrants come from Latin America but are restricted to severe immigration laws. The Latino/a community is one of the most severely affected groups because the current immigration system disproportionally affects Latino/as. Recognizing how the experience of Latino/a immigrants have been both similar and different in the past from other immigrant groups and dispelling common misconceptions about Latino/as today bring an awareness how Latino/as are affected.
The First part of my research showed more Latinas women are going to college, and their graduation rates have increased faster than any other group of woman. According to Maresshah Jackson (Center for American Progress) November 7 2013. Graduation rates for Latinas where 31.3 percent in 2010, still significantly lower than graduation rate for white woman at 45.8 percent. However, Latinas are the faster- growing female population in the country, but still lower graduation for college Jackson said Latinas hold only 4.4 of the degree earned. Because of these low graduation, rate some, famous people such as actress Eva Longoria have donate, money and time to the University of Los Angeles to hire more Latino teachers to help more Latinas obtain a college education.
Family dynamics present interesting revelations, especially regarding the relationship between parents and children. While most families undoubtedly encounter dysfunction at some point throughout life, immigrant families seemingly experience such stress continually. A handful of short stories, including “Two Kinds” by Amy Tan, “Who’s irish” by Gish Jen, and “A Thousand Years of Good Prayers” by Yiyun Li, demonstrate how strained relations erupt in immigrant families. Familial tension noticeably arises because of the immigrant parents’ inability to fully adjust to the American way of life. Further, immigrant parents adhere to strict expectations in an attempt to uphold the family’s conservative heritage. Finally, immigrant parents typically
Migration for “a better life” or to be with one’s family shaped the history of the United States since the beginning. In the US today there are 40 million immigrants and the U.S. Census Bureau estimates that there is around 11 million illegal aliens already living right here and are not authorized to live and work in the United States. It makes it hard to protect their right because they are in this country illegal. Immigrant are living in the US are in constant fear of being deported so they live in quiet hiding so that they go undetected by US officials. They are so fearful of deportation that they don’t report crimes against them or employers that take advantage of them or do not pay them for work.
In the first article, The Economic Benefits of Comprehensive Immigration Reform, Raúl Hinojosa- Ojeda argues that if the United States government moved from an ‘enforcement only policy’ to a comprehensive immigration reform, both individuals born in America and immigrants would increase benefits. The comprehensive immigration reform that Ojeda describes “legalizes current unauthorized immigrants and creates flexible legal limits on future immigration in the context of full labor rights…” (Ojeda page 175). Ojeda further argues that the current U.S. policy creates a wage floor, and if undocumented immigrants gain citizenship, the wage floor will rise, increasing the wages of all workers. The rise in wages cited in the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) states that a comprehensive immigration reform would increase consumer consumption and wages and would increase the creation of jobs and tax revenue. This is mainly based on the concept that IRCA was implemented during a time of recession, but was still able to raise wages and investments made by immigrants. Ojeda explains, through the example of the IRCA, it is estimated that comprehensive reform, over 10 years, would create 1.5 trillion dollars in United States gross domestic product (GDP) (176). However, they add that one of the issues with the IRCA, is the lack of flexible limits set on the number of workers allowed to enter the United States. In the 1990, therefore, U.S. labor demands were not met.
What would happen to a city that has a declining rate of bilingualism and has always thrived and been successful because of it? Nothing but a bad outcome. That, amongst other crucial consequences, is exactly what Phillip M. Carter, author of “It’s Time for Miami to Embrace Bilingualism” warns us about in his editorial. This article was originally published in the print edition of Diario las Americas on April 15, a Hispanic news outlet with its main focus in America’s cultural and political events. This online news article is targeted to young Latinos born in the United States. The purpose is to create awareness and inform them about the significance of bilingualism in their individual lives and its contributions to society.
Data gathered from the American Community Survey (ACS) report in 2007 on the percentage of U.S. population, age 5 and over, relates that out of 281 million people, 55.4 million are speaking a language other than English at home. This segment of population constitutes over 24% and it has increased from 1980 to 2007 more than 140%. Out of the 55.4 million people whose primary language is other than English, 62% are Spanish language speakers, founding the largest group of foreign language speakers in the United States (Shin & Kominski, 2010).
The. Kessner, Thomas and Betty Boyd Caroli, “Today’s Immigrants, Their Stories.” Kiniry and Rose, 343-346. Print. The. Portes, Alejandro and Ruben G. Rumbaut, “Immigrant America: A Portrait.” Kiniry and Rose, 336-337.
Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. 1990. The. ERIC. Web. The Web.
They will be away from their family, home, and adjusting to a new culture. These young adults will need sponsors to help them adjust to the new life. This is where Making Bright Futures offers a solution to making these adjustments They will arrange sponsors and mentors from churches, school administration, schoolteachers and even local business owners can to take on the immigrants. The mentors can make sure they are adjusting well to the new life, by meeting with them several times a week. According to a study done by Erik E. Morales, PH.D. on Hispanic male immigrants that were college students “Finally, the mentoring relationships’ efficacy in transforming the participants’ statuses as immigrants into prideful sources helped them with the motivation necessary to achieve their ambitious goals.” The mentors will provide help in navigating through the complicated systems of college and job atmospheres. These ventures can be complicated for a college student who has English as their first language much less a new
When Italian immigrants came to America, many were not welcomed in the communities of the Germans and Irish. The neighborhoods that the Itali...