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Identity vs role confusion book
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Identity vs role confusion book
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Erik Erikson, a psychologist, concludes that every person faces eight crises (stages) as he develops, and to solve these crises he must make a good or bad decision. Making more good decisions than bad decisions results in person moving forward to the next stage (Ewen, 2010). As a person who is nineteen years old, I believe that I am at the end of my fifth stage, Identity Vs. role confusion. To prove my previous statement, I will be talking about my friend, music, and fashion. Friend When a teenager is confused about his role, he might join the same group as his friend. Joining the same group will help him boost his confidence, but it will prevent him from being “true” to himself. (Hall, paraphrased in Allen, 2016). Throughout the middle school and the freshman year of my high school, I copied everything that my friend did because I was confused about my role. My friend joined the basketball team, and I followed him there, even though I did not know anything about the basketball. Joining the team did boost my confidence; I felt more comfortable approaching a girl. One day after the practice, my friend approached me and told me that I did not fit in the team because I was not as athletic as other members of my team. Also, he said that he was aware of the reason why I joined the team, so he gave me the advice to follow my heart, so I can be true to myself. Music …show more content…
In the 21st century, many parents do not spend enough time with their children to influence the children’s character, so the children turn to the media to find a person, who makes them feel good and relates to children’s situation (Allen, 2016).
After moving to the USA from
India, my dad and I grew farther away from each other. My dad started working ten hours a day; seven days a week, and I had to go to the school in the morning, so my dad and I did not spend enough time together. Not having enough influence of my dad, made me the exact the opposite of him. He is unselfish, and nice person. In contrast, I turned out to be sarcastic, and selfish. I believe that I got those characteristics from my favorite artist, Kanye West. I was introduced to Kanye’s music in sophomore year of my high school. The lyrics of his songs were egotistical, and it made me feel good about myself. Fashion In the adolescent, the person faces the constant feelings of affection for someone and internal chaos about himself, and this crisis can only be answered by getting attention by someone important to that person (Ewen, 2010). At the beginning of my junior year in high school, I had a constant feeling of affection for this one girl, and she was quite attractive and funny. She always dressed like she was going out somewhere. She always stood out because of her fashion. I wanted to ask this girl out, but I did not know the best way to approach her. I kept having internal chaos about myself like what I can do to become “attractive”, and what if she says no. To become “attractive” I decided that I should put more effort into my fashion just like her. I was able to get her attention, and she did compliment my shirt a few times throughout the year. I agree with Erikson’s theory, and everything that he said about the fifth crisis was accurate in my situation. I believe that I was able to find my identity by making more good decisions than the bad decisions.
In the movie, “On Golden Pond,” by Mark Rydell, all the significant characters were going through a crisis and they had to overcome the situation. These crisis were known as Erikson’s theory. Erikson’s theory was created largely on the belief that life is a continuous developmental process and that maturity is not the end of psychological growth. He believed that an individual have to resolve these crises in order to become healthy and able to get on the next crisis in the life cycle. However, some may be stuck in a stage and won’t be able to overcome the crisis.
This paper aims to endorse physicalism over dualism by means of Smart’s concept of identity theory. Smart’s article Sensations and the Brain provides a strong argument for identity theory and accounts for many of it primary objections. Here I plan to first discuss the main arguments for physicalism over dualism, then more specific arguments for identity theory, and finish with further criticisms of identity theory.
The journal article, “What does sport mean to you? Fun and other preferences for adolescents’ sport participation” claims that fun, social aspects, masculinity, and identity are the main reasons youth participate in sports (Skille and Østera˚ s, 360). Oftentimes, athletes forget they are on the same team, and they start to form cliques or groups based around who has the best bench press or 40 meter dash time. As a result, teammates start to compete with each other instead of working towards the same goal. For instance, one coaching journal article claims that “moral reasoning” in youth is determined through “collective norms” or group behaviors that the coach has a hand in influencing (Shields, LaVoi, Bredemeier, Power, 748-749). A proper coaching environment should therefore revolve around a fun, supportive, and collective environment where success is encouraged through the full support of the team. This support can further be developed through proper positive mindfulness and code of conduct guidelines set forth by the coach; for instance, hazing should be discouraged and proper communication and helpfulness among teammates should be
To be able to understand the stages when reading them, I shall discuss briefly about Eric Erickson’s stages. In the identity versus role confusion, the identity can be asked simply by who am I? The role confusion, meaning that one is feeling disordered or apprehensive of how they fit into society. In the intimacy versus isolation, Intimacy simply put is how I relate to other people, being non-sexual but as a mere means of communication. In the isolation part of it though, is will I be alone. And the final stage that we will be discussing is the generativity versus stagnation stage. Generativity being that what will one leave to others, while stagnation coming from not being able to contribute and leave to others. Now that I have briefly described the main stages that will be discussed, I will now jump into the lives of character from different times and tell their story, while seeing how they transition into the stages.
Her philosophy is to “go with the flow” and take life one day at a time. She falls into Marcia’s and Josselson’s identity diffusion status. During this stage, she has shown to have low levels of exploration and commitment because she has not considered her identity at all. In addition she has not established any type of life goals. Her “go with the flow” attitude reflects her hedonic behavior as she floats through life. The social process of how she learns who she is has not become integrated yet because she has not realized what her social identity is or defined her personality traits; therefore, she bounces from one thing to the next with no certainty. Many individuals in this stage of diffusion are obsessed by seeking out things for the gratification of pleasure (Oswalt,
Most popular kids engage in a school sport which makes them well known and liked throughout their social atmosphere, not only by their peers, but by their teachers as well. Many outcast do not engage in these acts of physical teams like sports, but rather in other institutions such as a culture, theater, and various academic clubs. These tend to be labeled “uncool” and separate these kids from other students. Their “abnormal” interests, that vary from the conventional athletics, can make them looked down upon and questioned by others. Having these preferable extracurricular activities is normal, yet these kids tend to be misunderstood by the jocks who don’t have a particular preference to these clubs. Based on the same survey from stageoflife.com, interests are the second leading cause of teens feeling inferior to their peers at 49% (stageoflife.com). Also, “63% of teens say that their appearance is an important factor in their identity” (stageoflife.com). Kids feel that their ability in activities causes them to subordinate to others. Teens are often judged for these interests which should not happen since their enjoyments are irrelevant to popularity
The quest to find one’s identity and have a sense of individuality is rampant in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go. The humanistic urge to have purpose is embodied in the characters of Kathy, Tommy and Ruth very differently. They each know that their life’s purpose is to donate until “completion,” yet on the way there they explore themselves and find out there is more to each of them than their vital organs, even if that is how society has labeled them.
In this paper I will be focusing on Erikson’s Theory mainly about identity versus role confusion. Finding one’s identity is not always an easy task. Everyone at some point in his or her life has had, as Erikson puts it, an identity crisis. Everyone experiences different struggles that can have either a positive or negative impact on their identity. On my path to identity, I have reached identity achievement, which means I have explored and made commitments. I will also be focusing on two articles highlighting a fifth possible outcome regarding identity and looking at identity statuses as developmental trajectories.
Holism is the epicenter of Ericson, Tomlin and Swain’s theory of Modeling and Role-Modeling. A newer theory development in nursing, published in 1983 has been integrated into many different university nursing programs as well as in clinical settings (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). The theory while simple in concept has a complex combination of other well-known theories in psychology. The theory integrates Abraham Maslow’s higharchy of needs, Erik Erickson’s stages of psychosocial development, Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory, and Selye and Engle stress response theory (Marriner-Tomey & Alligood, 2006). These theories cover the internal aspect of the person, which Ericson, Tomlin and Swain deemed necessary in treatment of the whole patient.
In conclusion, the formation of one’s identity has many components. Beginning at the onset of adolescence and continuing to expand, grow and form and reform as we live through the struggles or success of life. Many theorists have endeavored to clarify the development of identity formation. However, Erik Erickson offered one significant theory involving the formation of one’s identity. Expounding on Erickson theory, Marcia developed his Identity Status Model according to the existence or absence of crisis and commitments. These four statuses, diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium and achievement can combine in various ways to produce a self. One’s sense of identity is determined largely by the choices and commitments made, therefore, having a well-developed sense of self can provide an individual with insight to their strengths, weaknesses, and individual uniqueness. An individual that finds themselves
The love story “The tragedy of Romeo and Juliet” by William Shakespeare provides evidence that many teenagers have self confidence issues. The young couple of Romeo and Juliet are no exception to this matter. Many times you hear Romeo say he is not worthy of Juliet and many times Juliet resorts to lies than to be confident and tell the truth. Peer pressure corresponds with self confidence and is also a greatly influential part of the tragedy. A teenager’s self confidence level either makes it easier to be honest or to be deceitful.
Peer pressure and the need to fit in can contribute to a teen making good or bad decisions. Friends can stand by you when you really need them or completely turn their back on you. This is evident in the novel “speak” written by Laurie Halse Anderson. Melinda goes into High School with no friends and very little communication between her and her parents. As an outsider Melinda gets to see many different types of relationships while trying to mend her relationships with her ex-best friends. Melinda says ‘I close my eyes, this is what I've been dreading. As we leave the last stop, I am the only person sitting alone’(Anderson 3) this shows how because Melinda did not have strong relationships with her friends she was left alone and isolated. Later on, Melinda starts to bite her lips as a form of self-harm. This might not have happened if Melinda felt like she could talk to someone like one of her best friends. Sometimes we have to realize that some people can stay in your heart, not in your life. We will always care for certain people no matter what and as teenagers. It becomes difficult to learn what relationships are toxic and how to politely get out of them and what relationships are healthy and how to keep them that
The fifth stage, according to Erik Erikson psychoanalytic theory of development is the Identity Vs Identity confusion. The stage occurs during adolescence in the ages between 12 to 18 years. At this stage, the adolescents try to find a sense of personal and self-identity by intensely exploring their personal goals, beliefs, and values (McLeod, 2017). Notably, the adolescence is between childhood and adulthood. Thus, their mind is between the morality learned during childhood and the ethics they are trying to develop into adulthood. The transitioning from childhood to adulthood is the most important development for a person because the individual is becoming independent and is focusing on the future regarding career, relationships, families
In adolescence friendships normally exist within the larger social structure of peer relationships. In this larger social setting each adolescent has a particular role to play and is usually aware of their own status within the group. Close friendships are not independent of such status. Popular or successful youngsters stick together. Those who are 'in' do not mix as frequently with those on the periphery of what is acceptable to the group. Whereas the standards and styles set by the peer group can set highly influential markers around acceptable and unacceptable behaviours for young people, it is in individual friendships that young people find support and security, negotiate their emotional independence, exchange information, put beliefs and feelings into words and develop a new and different perspective of themse...
In Erikson’s Identity vs. Role Confusion stage, I thought, “Who am I?” countless times like many other adolescents. I occupied much of my time trying to construct a firm identity of myself, which I now realized did more harm than good. Letting myself explore different interests would have helped me find my identity than me trying to fake some firm identity.