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The Adventures of Ibn Battuta by Ross E. Dunn is a simplified and revised version of Ibn Battuta’s Rihala. This book tells the story of the Ibn Battuta’s hajj to Mecca and how he continues on to traveling across the continent and further. Visiting places he didn’t even know about until he was there. He went to Egypt, Syria, Persia, Iraq, East Africa, Yemen, Anatolia, the steppes of southern Russia, Constantinople, India, the Maldives, Sumatra, and even China. The trip took him 30 years as he took a 73,000 mile adventure of the Eastern Hemisphere. Ibn Battuta is a 21 year old muslim man in the beginning of the book, he sets out from his home in Tangier on June 14, 1325 (2 Rajab 725 A.H.) to make the 3,000 mile journey to Mecca, as the Islam …show more content…
At the beginning of his journey, he decides to not travel with a caravan, this proves to be a good thing for him, as along his journey, he is continually meeting rich and pious people who give him camels, horses, donkeys, money, food, drink, and places to lodge. This is a custom of the muslim faith to give gifts to travelers. His journey first began in the Middle East, then venturing out to sea to Makkah, where his ship was attacked by pirates and he had to continue the journey to Makkah on foot. Then Ibn Battuta crossed the vast Arabian Desert to reach modern day Iraq and Iran, he stayed briefly then took another ship to Tanzania in East Africa. He eventually ended up going to India where he was warmly greeted by Sultan of Dehli, who was also known as the Shadow of God. He stayed in India for eight years as a …show more content…
Dunn does a wonderful job at narrating and creating the world that Ibn Battuta lived in. He takes the entire first chapter to set the stage for the muslim culture as well as what was going on during that time. He does this quite often due to the confusion it would cause if he did not. Dunn also tells us what was going on politically at the time. Since Ibn Battuta is a widely written about historical character and requires multiple sources to get his story correct, Dunn often dedicates two or three pages at the end of each chapter to cite his sources. He has anywhere from 12- 44 different sources for each chapter. Dunn uses a variety of sources, including a book from Cambridge, Massachusett called Muslim Cities in the Later Middle Ages. He also uses a french book from the Bulletin de la Société Royal de Géographie d’Egypte. Historians also claim that Ibn Battuta used writings from another more famous traveler of that time named Ibn Jayabar, so his Rihala is frequently cited. To us, this is considered plagiarism, however in Islamic culture it was not uncommon for writers to add other travellers experience in their own writings without citing it. To be sure he gets all of the islamic customs explained properly, Dunn uses the first and second editions of the Encyclopedia of Islam. The author writes as chronologically as possible, this is because in texts about the hajj journeys, they would often group together incidents that happened in a city, even if they did not
Chapter 4 starts off by describing how Kabul looks after being attacked by the Taliban’s. The author, khandra
the Accuracy of the Chronicle of Al-Jabarti." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. No. 2 (1970): 283-294. http://www.jstor.org/stable/613005 (accessed November 30, 2013).
Ibn Munqidh, Usama. "From Memoirs." McNeill, William and Marilyn Robinson Waldman. The Islamic World. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1973. 184-206.
He went on voyages to Southeast Asia, Sumatra, Java, Ceylon, India, Persia, Persian Gulf, Arabia, the red sea Egypt, and the Mozambique Channel.
As mentioned before, the majority of the information from the book is firsthand experience by Barbara Gallatin Anderson, but other sources were used and cited to make the structure more cohesive. Anderson takes advantage of the “Notes” section at the end of each chapter to add credibility to any information that she did not receive directly: “Half a century ago, H. A. H. Gibb ventured a brief but cogent definition of the Arab. ‘All those are Arabs,’ he wrote, ‘for whom the central fact of history is the mission of Muhammad and the memory of the Arab Empire. (88)”.
Before the first chapter of The Race for Paradise, Cobb lists many characters who were evident and were of great importance during this era of history. Two people from the list, Al-Bakri, a geographer from al-Andalus who was notable for his coverage of Rome, and Harun ibn Yahya, an Arab who was possibly Christian, gave great observations on Rome and Latin Christianity which Cobb found to be a great place to begin an Islamic history of the Crusades (Cobb, page xvi and xviii). A majority of these conflicts and history that Cobb talks about in the first section of the book have ties to society and cultural norms, such as religious view, politics, law, etc. One great invasion that is very prominent in the text is the invasion of the Franks on Muslim territory. The Franks, which was “quickly adopted as a blanket term for all the Christian peoples of continental Europe” (Cobb, page 16), and Muslims embraced a concept of holy war and a classical concept of jihad, a war on the struggle against nonbelievers, was formulated. “Jihad was but one of the reactions that Muslims had toward the Franks. But given its prevalence in the medieval Islamic sources—understanding this concept and its history in the years leading up to the era of the Crusades is important.” states Cobb (Cobb, page
Print. Doak, Robin. Empire of the Islamic World. Rev. ed.
Ibn Battuta, Travels in Asia and Africa 1325-1354, tr. and ed. H. A. R. Gibb (London: Broadway
In a similar situation, Mahatma Gandhi’s father was not in his life either. Having died with Gandhi was only 16 years of age, Mahatma Gandhi lived his life with his mother as his only guardian (Mahatma Bio 1). Chris McCandless furthered his studies at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia. He received excellent grades, although viewing “titles and honors as immaterial and irrelevant” (Chris 1). Likewise, Mahatma Gandhi left his home in India to study law in London. (Mahatma Bio 1) Both men decided to receive an education past high school, something not many young men did. Chris McCandless also liked enjoyed traveling, starting from his home in California, to places such as Virginia, Alaska, Arizona, and South Dakota (Chris 1). Mahatma Gandhi also travelled after the birth of his son, exploring Durban in the South African state of Natal (Mahatma Bio 1). One of the biggest similarities between Chris McCandless and Mahatma Gandhi is the interest in South Africa culture, and issues
Rippin A. 1990, Muslims, Their Religious Beliefs and Practices Volume 1: The Formative Period, Routledge, London and New York.
He became the first Muslim ruler in West Africa to walk a four thousand journey to Mecca. He felt safe leaving his palace to his officials and they took very good care of it while he was gone. When he started his journey he took people along as he alway did, 60,000 people, 12,000 people carried four pound bars of gold. Along the way of his journey he shared his wealth with anyone he seen. When he returned he brought back Arab scholars, government bureaucrats and architects.
During the 14th Century, a medieval traveler named Ibn Battuta journeyed through what would be 40 modern-day countries over the course of 26 years. Being a nomad type traveler, Battuta was identified as, “The Traveler of the Age” . Ibn began his travels in his birthplace, Tangier, Morocco. Heavily educated as a child, Ibn was born in a family of qadis (judges) who nurtured academically. Battuta’s education began at the age of six, where he started learning literature using the Qu’ran. Battuta reached academic milestones, which sparked his plan for a journey. Writing a total of three books during his travels, he was nothing but a prolific writer. Having a passion for historical cities was also perfect for this remarkable trip. Leaving for his journey, Ibn would not see Morocco again for 26 years. Ibn Battuta was the greatest traveler to ever live because of his immense 75,000 mile journey, historical experience, and vast range of
Ibn Battuta was a traveler during the 14th century who completed the hajj and then went on to visit most of the arabian peninsula, north and east africa, India, China, and various other places. This incredible 73,000 mile journey took him from his home
With the invention of flight and technology, travel has become easier and more affordable. As individual travel became less and less dependent on the charitability of the locals in which they traveled through, the locals stated to not offer to lend a helping hand in the first place. During Ibn Battuta’s time, the communities along the way were still needed for safe and successful traveling, the hospitality can be found in abundance scattered throughout his journals. For example, one excerpt of the text reads “The inhabitants of Mecca are distinguished by many excellent and noble activities and qualities, by their beneficence to
Zakaria, M. M. (trans.). Sahih Muslim Sharif (All in one volume), Dhaka: Mina Book House, 2008.