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Case Summary
IBM, founded in 1911, based in New York, transformed over a period of about one hundred years from an international, multi-national, to a global integrated enterprise. In 2008, IBM shifted its focus to define and develop leaders for a global economy. This effort included making the globally integrated enterprise relevant to all employees through IBM values, culture, and global citizenship. The aim was to ensure IBM could compete globally. IBM realized it was necessary to examine how it functioned, while gaining a better understanding of any gaps, dilemmas, and opportunities (Moss Kanter, 2008).
IBM realized it was imperative that they relate to the diverse global population, building meaningful relationships with its customers, discussing public policy, societal issues, and their commitment to sustainability. Through localization, IBM was able to prove its commitment to the success of these markets. IBM shifted its focus from New York, developing new best practices, with fewer power holders and more integrators. The GIE effort created global resources, value for customers, offering ideas and opportunities anywhere in the world, increasing innovation, while enriching and changing IBM (Moss Kanter, 2009).
Major Issues
Many, including the public and governments, misunderstood the concept of globalization, especially in emerging markets with state owned and controlled enterprises. IBM leaders in mature markets had concerns about the impact of globalization. IBM was experiencing a rapid expansion of both workforce and revenues outside the United States. Even though IBM staffed locals in its many worldwide IBM locations, outside the United States it was still a foreign enterprise (Moss Kanter, 2008).
IBM...
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...uire civil society and its leaders to be educated on these emerging dynamics (Palmisano, 2006). A GIE can only survive if it is highly flexible and agile, in a fast-paced environment that is in a constant state of change (Rae, 2010).
Works Cited
Dewhurst, M., Harris, J., & Heywood, S. (2011). Understanding your 'globalization penalty'. Mckinsey Quarterly, (3), 12-15.
Moss Kanter, R. (2008). IBM in the 21st century: the coming of the globally integrated enterprise. Harvard Business School. Retrieved from http://hbr.org/product/ibm-in-the-21st-century-the-coming-of-the-globally/an/308105-PDF-ENG
Palmisano, S. (2006). The Globally integrated enterprise. Foreign Affairs, 85(3), 127-136.
Rae, J (2010). Innovation’s dirty little secret. Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved from http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/jun2010/id20100621_275035.htm
Gardner, Robert, and Wayne Lavold. "Chapter 9-12." Exploring Globalization. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2007. N. pag. Print.
Osland, S.J. (2003). Broadening the Debate, the Pros and Cons of Globalization. Journal of Management inquiry, Vol. 12 no. 2, pp.137-154
Outsiders wondered how each company’s internal changes would affect their endless competitive battle in the industry. The case illustrates how global competitiveness depends on the organizational capability, the difficulty of overcoming deeply rooted administrative heritage, and the limitations of both classic multinational and global models.
Janet Morrison (2011). The global business environment, meeting the challenges. 3rd ed. England, Hampshire : Palgrave Macmillian. 98,26,42
IBM is a global information system and computing company. It is organized in 5 worldwide regions, and the following business units:
Sassen, S. (1998). Globalization and its Discontents. In G. Bridge, & S. Watson (Ed.). The Blackwell City Reader (pp. 161-170). Oxford, U: Blackwell Publishing.
began to take over the worlds market for tabulators, clocks, and electric type writers. By 1940 it was the us largest office firms that deals with machines. There sales had reach $50 million.
Global companies play an important role in the business environment, because they connect their business together around the world. A good example of a global company is Dell Inc., an American computer-hardware company, headquartered in Austin Texas, which develops, manufactures, sells and supports a wide range of personal computers, servers, data storage devices, network switches, personal digital assistants (PDAs), software, computer peripherals, and more. They design, build and customize products and services to satisfy a range of customer requirements: from the server, storage and Premier Services needs of the largest global corporations, to those of consumers at home. According to the Fortune 500 2006 list, Dell ranks as the 25th-largest company in the United States by revenue.
- Volberda, H. Morgan, R. Et al. 2011, “Strategic Management: Competitiveness and Globalization”, Cengage Learning EMEA ,Pg 244-258
Science Initiative Group Institute for Advanced Study, 2007, Globalization: Trends and Prospects, Available from: http://sig.ias.edu/files/Egwang-_Welcome.pdf
Shangquan, Gao. “Economic Globalization: Trends, Risks, and Risk Prevention.” Development. United Nations, 2001. Web. 10 Dec. 2013. .
With the advent of the Internet, decreased shipping costs, and the removal of trade barriers, the world market has shrunk in such a way that everyone can be a player. While many businesses thrive solely on serving a small local area, a globalized company has the benefits of increased customer markets, gross production, and brand awareness. Take for example Coca-Cola; this multi-national corporation offers products in countries all over the world, operates in over 200 of those countries with the help of its franchisees, and is the most well-known beverage companies. It is interesting to note however, that as positive as globalization may seem, there are many negative ramifications and a large population of detractors to this movement. While increased product availability is good for profits, if a local market is inundated with imported products, locally grown or manufactured items may be squeezed out, to the detriment of the local economy. Although it is cost effective to have your product produced in another country with low wages, you are essentially taking away jobs from the people of your own country, negatively impacting your national economy. However, if you manufacture your products in a country with higher wages, you must increase your products’ prices which may be harmful to your profits. While maximizing your companies profits is always of great importance, it is essential that you weigh the pros and cons of globalization and its effects on not only your company, but the areas in which you wish to spread.
The process of globalization allows the global market to include products and services from all the companies around the world, including all the investments that is across national borders. Indeed, many American companies have taken their merchandise, manufacturing and services to invest in other countries. However, this has produced a negative effect in the global economy. The American companies
Stonehouse, G., Campbell, D., Hamill, J. & Purdie, T. (2004). Global and Transnational Business (2nd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
Larsson, Thomas. The Race to the Top: The Real Story of Globalization. Cato Institute, 2001.