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The idea of freedom in america history eric foner
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In the 1600s, settlers from England came to America in order to escape religious persecution and worship freely. Our country was founded upon the principles of individual liberty and limited government. However, most citizens realize that in order for any society to peacefully coexist and remain safe, there must be laws and rules in place. H. L. Mencken wrote, “The average man does not want to be free. He simply wants to be safe.” I believe Mencken’s statement is mostly true because in contemporary society, most citizens willingly concede certain freedoms and liberties, in exchange for the assurance of personal safety. Maslow's hierarchy of needs lists safety as a basic and fundamental need of all humans. In modern societies, we use a system …show more content…
Most Americans cling strongly to the idea of freedom and consider it the cornerstone of our democracy. At the same time, most people in free societies have no real concept of what it is like to experience true limitations to their freedom. In countries all over the world, dictators control what their people watch, read, think, and say. There is no freedom of the press in many places such as China, North Korea, Cuba and Iran. Elections are not democratically or fairly held in Russia, Hong Kong, and Syria. In America, we have a multitude of freedoms, such as: freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of press, and freedom of religion. Musicians, actors and artists regularly lead the fight for their own freedom of expression in their work, and the right of all people to express themselves without restraints. Americans expect these freedoms to carry over to their right to privacy and to limit intrusions from the government. In 2013, Edward Snowden, a former Central Intelligence Agency employee, leaked classified information from the National Security Agency (NSA) which revealed surveillance programs that were collecting information on billions of people without cause, and being carried out by the NSA and other governments around the world. People were outraged that their private phone calls and emails were being monitored. However, in late 2015, when a terrorist attack took place in San Bernardino, California, the FBI asked Apple to unlock the attacker’s phone. When Apple refused, citing a dangerous precedent to user privacy, they were criticized for not cooperating with the government and putting national security at risk. This once again points to Mencken’s idea that the average citizen in modern times is willing to give up personal liberties in the name of
Mencken’s observations are very relevant and it applies to contemporary society. It is necessary to identify what it means by being “free”. Does being free mean that one has choice of religion and type of government? The type of freedom mentioned previously do not apply to mankind if mankind is not safe and is risk for danger. It is human nature to choose safety over freedom as shown in various examples.
One cannot be obedient to one’s power without being disobedient to another. In his article, “Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem,” Erich Fromm argues people obey authority to feel safe. When one obeys, they become an ambiguous part of a whole, no longer accountable for actions or left on their own. In Ian Parker’s article, “Obedience,” analyzing Milgram's experiment, he claims people obey orders when there is no second option. According to Parker, if someone obeys an order, but there is no alternative, their accountability is lessoned. The two articles can speak to the tomfoolery that takes place in the motion picture, Mean Girls, which highlights a typical high school under the regime of the queen bee, Regina George, with her followers Gretchen Weiners and Karen Smith; the regime is usurped by a new girl, Cady Heron. Under the scope of Parker and Fromm, it can be argued that Gretchen was not disobeying Regina when she realigned with Cady, but actually remaining obedient to the social order of high school.
The poem, “My Great-Grandfather’s Slaves” by Wendell Berry, illustrates the guilt felt for the sins of a man’s ancestors. The poem details the horror for the speaker’s ancestors involvement in slavery and transitions from sympathy for the slaves to feeling enslaved by his guilt. Berry uses anaphora, motif, and irony, to express the speaker’s guilt and provide a powerful atmosphere to the poem.
The class system has been in place within humanity since the very birth of economic trade. It is a fact of life that others will seek self-betterment and gain power to provide for those that they love and their own personal interest. Throughout the years the implementation of a social class system has helped to differentiate the types of economic situations as nation and serve as a system to work toward the betterment of the society as a whole. However, as the world became more productive and the gaps between the higher classes and lower classes increased the efficiency of the social class system and the decisions made from the individuals within it has been called into question. Kalen Ockerman opened the channel to question if the class system is the helpful institution that benefits of all its citizens or if the lower classes are not getting the support and attention they deem necessary.
H. L. Mencken wrote “the average man does not want to be free. He simply wants to be safe.” I agree with this quote because of the deeper meaning it has behind it. In today’s society people do not seem to have ambitions or dreams that they want to pursue. A lot of people settle with a job that pays just enough to make a living or they do not go beyond their limits to get a higher education to be able to make more money. These people are overcome by fear. They are afraid to continue moving forward and taking risks.
Our nation seems as if it is in a constant battle between freedom and safety. Freedom and security are two integral parts that keep our nation running smoothly, yet they are often seen conflicting with one another. “Tragedies such as Pearl Harbor, 9/11 and the Boston Marathon bombings may invoke feelings of patriotism and a call for unity, but the nation also becomes divided, and vulnerable populations become targets,” (Wootton 1). “After each attack a different group or population would become targets. “The attack on Pearl Harbor notoriously lead to Japanese Americans being imprisoned in internment camps, the attacks on 9/11 sparked hate crimes against those who appeared to be Muslim or Middle Eastern,” (Wootton 1). Often times people wind up taking sides, whether it be for personal freedoms or for national security, and as a nation trying to recover from these disasters we should be leaning on each other for support. Due to these past events the government has launched a series of antiterrorist measures – from ethnic profiling to going through your personal e-mail (Begley 1). Although there are times when personal freedoms are sacrificed for the safety of others, under certain circumstances the government could be doing more harm than good.
The theory which contributes to the theme is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs which talks about “a positive environment and positive relationships are an important part of supporting every child or young person’s needs”, Taylor Et al, (2012:p13). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is most often displayed as a pyramid. As people progress up the pyramid, needs become increasingly psychological and social. Maslow talks about children’s safety needs and how they need to feel security. “Maslow placed a real importance on ensuring that children have their basic needs met before they can learn”, Taylor Et al, (2012; p40). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, is relevant to safeguarding the health, safety and well-being of children and young people as, safety needs is one of the needs on the pyramid. Children and young people need to achieve safety and well-being in order to be able to move up the pyramid and therefore can learn how to safeguard themselves, “One must satisfy lower level basic needs before progressing on to meet higher level growth needs”, Mcleod, (2013).
America is one word that brings the hope of freedom to many people around the world. Since the United States’ humble beginnings freedom has remained at the core of its ideologies and philosophies. People of all races, nations, and tongues have found refuge in America. The National Anthem proclaims, “…land of the free, and home of the brave” (Key, 1814). But has America been consistently a land of the free? Unfortunately freedom has not always reigned. There is a constant struggle to overcome fear and prejudice in order to provide a true land of freedom. In times of heightened tension, the masses of common people seek to find a scapegoat. Often, this scapegoat is a minority with ties to current negative events. As fear uncontrollably grows, it can cause people to allow and commit unspeakable atrocities.
American political culture emphasizes the values of liberty, equality, and democracy. Most of America’s debating is not over whether these issues are important, but how to best go about achieving these ideas. American’s define liberty as freedom, but America believes that liberty should be contained on some levels so they can create a stable society. The definition of freedom is that we can do whatever we want, as long as we do not affect another person’s freedom. American’s want to be able to do what they want, while not affecting someone else. So some rules are set to protect people and create a stable society.
Benjamin Franklin, one of the founding fathers of the United States, once said “Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety.” In America’s society today, some are willing to sacrifice their civil liberties in order to gain protection and security over some potential threat. Especially after the events of September 11th and several attempted bombings in U.S. cities. This sacrifice of individual freedoms such as the freedom of speech, expression, the right to information, to new technologies, and so forth, for additional protection is more of a loss than a gain. Citizens of the United States deserve equal liberty and safety overall, as someone should not have to give up one value in order to gain another. This concept of individual right goes beyond the simple idea of “individual comfort.” Personal liberties cannot be surrendered and are not to be compromised since these liberties are intangible. Individuals should not have their personal liberties exchanged for national security because individuals are guaranteed protection to these rights.
“They who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.”-Benjamin Franklin. We live in an age where governments invade the private lives of its citizens in the name of safety. Ironically, anyone who displaying a hint of paranoia when it comes to government surveillance or secrecy is automatically labeled a conspiracy theorist or a kook. It seems that in the U.S., it has become frowned upon to believe that our government would ever infringe on our rights, unintentionally or deliberately. After all, they can’t, it says so in the constitution! But, alas, it turns out “Big Brother” has been very busy the past decade. It seems as though every year new government scandals arise, from cover ups to spying on U.S. citizens. Law enforcement and government agencies are slowly finding “loopholes” through problematic areas of the constitution, with little regard for citizens’ rights. It is our duty as citizens, to not tolerate violations of the law that our nation was founded upon. By examining history and other countries’ policies regarding privacy and freedoms, it becomes clear that if these breaches of our rights are allowed to go on, we will be living in a country of fear and oppression.
American freedom has faced many tribulations, especially throughout the slavery, segregation, and women’s suffrage eras. However, the ideological belief of individual freedom has always triumphed. From when the first Pilgrim stepped onto American soil to the present day America has been run by a democracy and the freedom that system of government allows its peoples to have. “Americans share a common identity grounded in the freedom — consistent always with respecting the freedom of others — to live as they choose” (Friedman).
Abraham Maslow did studies of the basic needs of human beings. He put these needs into a hierarchical order. This means that until the need before it has been satisfied, the following need can not be met (Encyclopedia, 2000). For example, if someone is hungry they are not thinking too much about socializing. In the order from lowest to highest the needs are psychological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization. The first three are classified as lower order needs and the last two are higher order (Hierarchy, 2000). Without meeting these needs workers are not going to be as productive as they could otherwise. The first three are considered to be essential to all humans at all times. The last two have been argued but are mostly considered to be very important as well.
It has become common today to dismiss the overall theme of movies and books, such as V for Vendetta and Fahrenheit 451. Americans today tend to believe that they do not live in a dictated society. Conversely, not many recognize the bits and pieces of a controlled society. For instance, Americans are surveillanced more than one would suspect. In a recent article called ‘Edward Snowden: The World Says No to Surveillance’, Edward Snowden states, “MOSCOW — TWO years ago today, three journalists and I worked nervously in a Hong Kong hotel room, waiting to see how the world would react to the revelation that the National Security Agency had been making records of nearly every phone call in the United States.” In making this comment, Snowden argues that American citizens are not aware of the amount of surveillance that is brought upon themselves. How many Americans believe that they are being surveillanced while talking on the phone? Admittedly, not many question it. Americans have succumbed to the idea that this democratic government implies freedom, even though private phone conversations are being tapped into. An example worth looking at
“Give me liberty or give me death,” (Henry). To some people- Patrick Henry in particular- liberty is a basic property of life; it’s not simply a luxury, but rather a right needed for survival. No matter how the word is defined, liberty has some sort of personal meaning to everyone. In any form, it is a state that is never truly guaranteed. Although it seems like an innate factor that belongs to every human, anyone could have their liberties violated. For thousands of years, humans in every society have been forced to look at what liberty really is, how it can be taken care of, and in what ways it can be violated. It means something entirely different than it did centuries or even decades ago, and its description