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Abraham Maslow'S Theory Of Hierachy
Compare and contrast person-centered theory with other theories
Abraham Maslow'S Theory Of Hierachy
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1.1) INTRODUCTION Humanistic theories emerged in 1950s. We have two types of humanistic theories, the first one is Person-Centred Theory by Carl Rogers which is based on how people see them-selves in relation to their personal experience and the second theory is Self-actualisation by Abraham Maslow which is based on the needs that motivate people. In this paper both theories will be described in detail and also they will be evaluated. 1.2) DISSCUSSION 1.2.1) ROGERS’ PERSON-CENTRED THEORY Self-concept it is the collection of experiences and beliefs about one self, and how these experiences, beliefs interact to form a picture according to individual’s perspective what kind of a person an individual is. This includes physical and mental capabilities, appearance, strengths and weaknesses. (Weiten, 2014). Beliefs that favour motivate us. Self-concept is also the way we see our-selves and how we present our-selves according to our beliefs towards the world and we are aware of this believes. These beliefs and our uniqueness shape our behaviour (Steinberg, 2006). For instance: Tom sees him-self as the great dancer, his ability to dance and his belief of being a great dancer will display a behaviour of a person with high confidence of dancing. Self-concept is mostly based on personal experience and the experience can influence self-concept of an individual. People twist their experience to be the way they desired it to be, i.e. the experience to be favourable or great. What people do causes INCONGRUENCE which is the gap between reality (experience) and self-concept (Wietren, 2014). Incongruence happens mostly when a person had a bad experience and does not admit it. You will find that the way a person sees him-self does not match with the ... ... middle of paper ... ...ised or we just being played by Maslow? Application of Maslow’s theory to my own life • Physiological needs My needs are food, water, sleep and thirst. It is all about taking care of my physical self also playing basketball. • Safety and security Shelter which I feel comfortable in, and also secure • Belongingness and love needs/ social needs I have a need to belong to my family, friends, partner, and share social life together. Communicate with people. • Esteem needs I ensure that I am recognised for my achievement of passing grade 12 and studying at University. • Cognitive needs I study most of my time to gain knowledge, I sometimes watch news to understand what is happening around the world I am living in. • Need for self-actualisation I ensure goals I set I reach them and as I reach them I take my goals on the next step which is higher than the last one.
According to Carl Rogers (1959) self concept has three different components: The view you have of yourself (Self image); How much value you place on yourself (Self esteem or self-worth); What you wish you were really like (Ideal self). These ideas of self concept do not necessary have to reflect the reality of what is to be known as truth to the outside observer. Such as in the case of those who struggle with anorexia. Though they may appear to the observer as being extremely underweight through the eyes of the observed they find themselves to be overweight. This is believed to be related to concept of self image. Baumeister (1999) provides the following self concept definition: "the individual's belief about himself or herself, including the person's attributes and who and what the self
The first unit on our textbook Interactions by Ann Moseley and Jeanette Harris talks about the self-concept. It is hard to find a definition for the self-concept because it is certain beliefs about ethnicity, religion, and personalities combined. This unit has a number of readings by various authors where it shows struggles with the self. Self-identity, ethnic backgrounds, and self-esteem are the major aspects of those readings. After reading their writings I found that I could relate to their experiences. The three readings that got my attention were “Zero” By Paul Logan, “I’m Just Me” by Lylah Alphonse, and “The Jacket” by Gary Soto.
In unit one of Interactions, the authors Ann Moseley and Jeanette Harris showed a number of readings about the idea of the self. The self-concept is an important matter because people change with age constantly and their thoughts change as well. There are many factors that can affect any individual’s thought of self-concept such as growing up, life experiences, friends and family, and meeting new people. Moreover, a number of readings in unit one by different authors showing their experiences and struggles with self-concept such as ethnicities, economy status, and self-esteem issue. I have had similar experiences with several authors, which are, “Zero” by Paul Logan, “Living in two worlds” by Marcus Mabry, and “The Jacket” by Gary Soto.
What does sense of self-mean? It means what that person sees when they look in a mirror. Whether it is a decent, awful or an indifferent image. Everyone’s self-image is different, and that’s acceptable; normal even. No one person is exactly the same. The authors explain how a sense of self is like internal conflicts and the decision to lie in order to gain approval.
Self-concept is who you think you are and the relatively stable set of perceptions you hold of your self, not only the physical features but also including emotional states, talents, likes, values, roles.
Sigmund Freud provides a concept of how a person’s personality is structured and to have a healthy personality requires a balance in the interaction between the id, ego, and superego. Bandura’s theory of observational learning plays a vital role in the persons conditioning process. By understanding the basis of observational learning that includes modeling, disinhibition, and trolling, one can recognize the different types of reinforcements that contribute to how one learns and then behaves in situations throughout their life. The experience and knowledge of self-discovery comes gradually without an instantaneous impact. Although, moments of true realization can give one a release from past insecurities, doubt, and shame just to name a few. Such realizations can change how one views or feels about their past, which includes their choices, successes, failures, and the different relationships they have had from birth to the present. In conclusion, one should invest in getting to know their own personality to educate themselves and receive the benefits of a healthy state of mental
During my time in the ward, I recently had a patient with alcohol dependency in my care. My patient, Mr Grey was a 51 year old male patient who was admitted with a fractured neck of femur and consistent hypertension. Mr Grey required a vast amount of medical treatment for his injuries. As well as Mr Grey’s physiological problems he also had poor mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. We later discovered my patient had some social issues and that he was homeless.
These Humanistic theories have had a significant influence on psychology and the pop culture. Many psychologists now accept the idea that when it comes to personality, a person’s subjective experience has more weight than the objective reality. Humanistic psychologists’ today focus on healthy people, rather than troubled people, which has also been a particularly useful contribution. This theories regarding personality have been criticized and a general agreement in regards to some of the qualities involving personality is that almost all theorists can agree that personality should be defined as a unique and individual set of psychological characteristics that each human being possesses.
Self-esteem has to do with the value you place on yourself and your abilities regardless of what anyone thinks or says. According to Smith and Mackie in 2007, Self-Esteem was defined as follows: “The self-concept is what we think about the self; self-esteem, is the positive or negative evaluations of the self, as in how we feel about it.”
Humanistic Theory is based on the ability for individuals to be able to separately diverse with our own prospective on life. Maslow’s theory speaks to the potential and to positive outcome of human motivation and believes that every individual can and will strives to be more.
In order to understand how one perceives situations and how they can determine the way one communicates; we first must understand the value of self-concept. Self is easily defined; it is one's beliefs, attitudes, feelings and values. It is who one is and what one stands for. Self-concept, is a relevantly stable set of perceptions and emotional states. It is the way one sees and understands oneself, and contributes to how one perceives oneself and perceives situations. One's self-concept may alter their perception, and either enhance or impede one's communication effectiveness. The way one sees oneself can influence the way they see their social surroundings. Only after one become aware of oneself can they be aware of their physical and social surroundings, which will allow one to perceive situations and people with a truer idea and create a more positive outcome.
Self-concept can be described as how a person views themselves. There is a variety of factors that impact a person’s self-concept but the biggest impact comes from self-esteem. Self-esteem is much like self-concept the only difference is the addition of emotions. For example say an individual likes a brand they are aware that they enjoy the brand so that’s self-concept. Self-esteem on the other hand, if nobody else in the workplace likes the brand programme individual likes that could have a negative effect on a person’s self-esteem and therefore effect a person’s self-concept. In the workplace self-concept is of the uttermost importance when estab...
When thinking about my personality in regard to different personality theories, I felt that I could most relate to the humanistic theory. Carl Rogers described self-concept as a collection of beliefs about one's own nature, unique qualities and typical behavior. My self-concept is that I'm an easy-going, nice guy. If something happens that upsets me, I am pretty laid back about it and deal with it gradually. I like the fact that I'm easy going, and I don't want to suddenly start showing a temper or overreacting about things that I know I can get past calmly. Rogers also stressed the fact that our self-concept may not always be accurate. I like to think that I'm an intelligent human, but when others see my transcript, for example, they may think otherwise. But, on the other hand, when I am in a situation that I know a lot about, like hunting, another might think I am very intelligent. Others' view...
I am friendly, hardworking, extroverted, and most of all I can easily connect with people. I don’t have a problem connecting with people and all the different personalities. The connection is my one way of showing them that I care and I hear them. Nadine Lueras-Tramma (2011) state that, “it feels good to feel connected to other people.” In fact, it is easy for me to talk to people if I feel like there is a connection, in that, it's not difficult for me to make conversation. When I was in school, I loved doing group tasks and participating in panel discussions. Because of my childhood experience and how my parents responded to my gestures immediately and in a consistent manner, which suggests why I’ve grown up as an extroverted, outgoing and family oriented
Self concept is not inherent. It is shaped and reshaped by the people around us, the people who influence us directly or indirectly. Self concept of a child depends upon the description provided to him by these people e.g. parents, teachers, peers etc. it may be correct or incorrect as it is formed by the people, how they see the child e.g. if the family members tell the child constantly that he / she is lazy, the child starts to see himself/ herself as lazy. However due to the subjective opinion of family members it may not be correct