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Beginning of animal assisted therapy
Essays on animal assisted therapy
Beginning of animal assisted therapy
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Currently, I am a senior at the University of Nebraska at Omaha pursuing a dual major in Neuroscience and Psychology. I have always been interested in human-animal interactions from multiple perspectives including the psychological, sociological, personal and ethical perspectives. From a psychological perspective, I have studied the importance of animal-assisted therapies in various clinical disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). I have also studied human-animal interaction in the context of violent offenders and the associated cases of animal abuse. Furthermore, I have studied human-animal interactions from a behavioral psychological approach. Great behaviorist researchers such as Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner made great strides in understanding human and animal behavior using classical and operant conditioning. Today, both classical and operant conditioning are commonly used in animal training. Last semester, I was fortunate enough to have the opportunity to use a Skinner Box and condition a lab rat using operant conditioning. It was an interesting experience for me; I was exposed to training and regulations proposed by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), which provided insight into the strict care and interactions mandated in animal research. Throughout my academic career, I have studied much research which utilized animal testing. I have performed dissections and profusions which forced me to personally analyze my own ethics and morals in regards to animal testing. In the Behavioral Neuroscience Lab here at UNO, we conducted a behavioral experiment using lab rats. We then performed profusions, dissections, and prepared slides of the rats’ brains. It was very difficult for me to complete th... ... middle of paper ... ...d States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library. (2014). Federal Agencies. Retrieved from United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library: http://awic.nal.usda.gov/government-and-professional-resources/federal-agencies United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Lubrary. (2014). Animal Welfare Act. Retrieved from United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Lubrary: http://awic.nal.usda.gov/government-and-professional-resources/federal-laws/animal-welfare-act Vivisection Information Network. (2010). UPDATED: How many animals are used? Retrieved from Vivisection Information Network: http://www.vivisectioninformation.com/index.php?p=1_76_UPDATED-How-many-animals-are-used Zurlo, J., Rudacille, D., & Goldberg, A. M. (1996). The Three R's: The Way Forward. Environmental Health Perspectives, 104(8).
United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library. Animal Welfare Act. 8 April 2014. 14 April 2014.
The Web. 16 Mar. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. http://www.harp.gov/About>. Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA). "
United States. House of Representatives. Committee on Agriculture. “Puppy Protection Act.” Thomas Library of Congress. Government Publication Office. 11 Oct. 2001. Web. 14 Nov. 2013.
• California Department of food and agriculture (2014). California Agricultural Production Statistics Retrieved from http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/
There are hardly any federal laws in general that protect farm animals. States can make
...ted States. Department of Agriculture. Animal Care Blue Book. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Animal Welfare Act and Animal Welfare Regulations. United States Department of Agriculture. Web. 23 Dec. 2013. .
In modern society, animal experimentation has triggered a controversy; consequently, vast amount of protests have been initiated by the animal rights community. Although these organizations have successfully broadcasted their concerns toward animal experimentation, its application continues to survive. Sally Driscoll and Laura Finley inform that there remain fifty million to one-hundred million animals that experience testing or experimentation throughout the world on a yearly basis. But despite opposition, animal experimentation, the use of experiments on animals in order to observe the effects an unknown substance has on living creatures, serves multiple purposes. Those particular purposes are: research of the living body, the testing of
Animal testing is a largely debated and controversial issue. It was first introduced in the United States in the 1920s (Goldberg 85). Since then, there have been many advances in the field of medicine and science. These advances are due largely to the fact that animals are used in experiments and research. Animal testing has given doctors some of their most successful accomplishments. Also, they help researchers discover how to improve long known theories about the human mind and body. Over 40 Nobel Prizes have been given to researchers “whose achievements depended, at least in part, on using laboratory animals” (Trull 64). These animal experiments have helped humans live a better life. Animal testing benefits doctors...
“Respect for life.” Pamphlet by: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2000. Student Resources in Context. Web. 9 Feb. 2014
A. “Farm Policy.” CQ Researcher 10 Aug. 2012: 693-716. Web. The Web. The Web.
Much controversy surrounds the humanity or inhumanity of using defenseless animals in experiments. Animals endure excruciating pain and suffer harsh conditions when used to test products. Many argue that animals are unable to consent to the tests. They are forced to undergo the pain put upon them and often die or are euthanized when no longer needed. Human beings feel as if they are superior to and more valuable than animals, yet, humans are more similar to chimpanzees than chimp...
Behavior modification is based on the principles of operant conditioning, which were developed by American behaviorist B.F. Skinner. In his research, he put a rat in a cage later known as the Skinner Box, in which the rat could receive a food pellet by pressing on a bar. The food reward acted as a reinforcement by strengthening the rat's bar-pressing behavior. Skinner studied how the rat's behavior changed in response to differing patterns of reinforcement. By studying the way the rats operated on their environment, Skinner formulated the concept of operant conditioning, through which behavior could be shaped by reinforcement or lack of it. Skinner considered his discovery applicable to a wide range of both human and animal behaviors(“Behavior,” 2001).
Should animals have to go through pain and suffering? Should they have to go without food and/or water? The answer is no. Animal abuse happens everyday and it happens because people are barbarous or because they don’t know how to take the best care of an animal that they have. Whatever the reason it’s still not right and will never be okay. This paper will cover a brief history of animal abuse, the statistics, the signs of animal abuse, and what can be done to stop animal abuse. Animal abuse needs to end for the animals that can’t speak for themselves.
Sabogal, R (2010) Global Environmental Health : Sustainability. Journal of Environmental Health, 73 (3) p26-28.
Animals can be perceived in many different ways. While some humans consider animals to be mindless machines programmed with instinct, others view them as spiritual creatures capable of coherent thought and emotions. I feel that animals are somewhere in the middle. Although they rely heavily on instinct, the ability to feel emotions shows that their mental capacity is not far from that of a human.