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Abnormality is very difficult to define. it can be hard to decide whether normal behaviour ends and abnormal behaviour begins
Anxiety disorders
Anxiety disorders
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How should we draw the line between normality and disorder? The official definition of a disorder is: persistently harmful thoughts, feelings, and actions. It has been defined as anything that is deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional. It is also based on situation because a soldier killing during wartime may not be considered killing but a civilian in Iowa killing might be considered deviant. What perspectives can help us understand psychological disorders? A medical approach can help us, this would look at disorders as a chemical imbalance that can be offset. The other perspective these can be seen through is a biopsychosocial approach this involves analyzing and carefully changing the patient 's environment to better suite their learning needs. How and why do clinicians classify psychological disorders? They classify disorders so that they can attempt to predict the course of the disorder and possibly suggest a better treatment option. It is also used as a financial asset to justify the use of insurance money. Why do some psychologists criticize the use of diagnostic labels? Once we label someone we will naturally view that person differently and in turn treat them worse. What are anxiety disorders, and how do they differ from ordinary worries and fears? In short the answer is, if it is intense and persistent. Anxiety is a normal thing that all people experience in some capacity but if this does not go away after a certain time period or situation than it may be an anxiety disorder. What produces the thoughts and feelings that mark anxiety disorders? Unfocused, out-of-control negative feelings mark an anxiety disorder. What are somatoform disorders? These are disorders that give the patient unexplainable physical ... ... middle of paper ... ...? Psychopharmacology the study of how certain drugs affect the mind. This is oftentimes criticized because of over prescription of harmful and dangerous drugs. How effective is electroconvulsive therapy, and what other brain-stimulation options may offer relief from severe depression? No one really knows for sure in the 50 years that it has existed it has worked for some and not others. What is psychosurgery? It is when surgery is performed on the brain. How, by caring for their bodies with a healthy lifestyle, might people find some relief from depression? It allows for their psychological selves to affect their psychological selves. What is the rationale for preventive mental health programs? They seek to prevent the risk factors that contribute to mental health illness. They encourage their clients to limit risk factors and enhance their protective factors.
that is to label people or things we do not like. When a person is
Anxiety is a monster that most people have to deal with on a daily basis. Even though anxiety is not actually a monster it still torments thousands of people every day, leaving them weak and scared. Anxiety defined means “distress or uneasiness of mind caused by fear of danger or misfortune” defined by Dictionary.com. In the epic poem of Beowulf, one could say that the townspeople had anxiety when it came to Grendel because they feared what he could do to them.
Efficacy of continuation ECT and antidepressant drugs compared to long-term antidepressants alone in depressed patients. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1960-1965. Guttmacher, L. B. (1994). Concise Guide to Psychopharmacology and Electroconvulsive Therapy.
Currently, there is a lack of studies in regards to whether or not this therapy causes significant damage to the brain. Correspondingly, there is little research done in regards to how great relapse rates are and how long the treatment can truly last. Consequently, many people have abstained from receiving treatment to avoid any possibility of impairment or reversion. However, it has not been denied nor confirmed that ECT directly causes the aforementioned results. Moreover, many theories created to downplay electroconvulsive therapy’s effectiveness are being brought back into the spotlight, including one that attributes ECT’s success to brain damage. Breggin states, “More recently [Harold] Sackeim and Sackeim with a team of colleagues have covertly revived the principle that a therapeutic response depends upon the degree of brain damage and dysfunction” (par. 17). Although this theory was made to discredit ECT, there has been no research done to disprove its accuracy. Furthermore, because of a lack of research, when a new study such as this comes out, many people believe it right away no matter how erroneous it may actually be. More research on ECT is desperately needed to see if these theories are factual or not. As a result of these truths or fallacies, the therapy can be improved upon
Throughout the history of mankind there have been numerous cases in which people were victims of oppression or hate. Among these cases the sole reasoning behind this oppression or hate being based on the perception of others. History has shown that society is responsible for labeling groups of people, generally these labels are misleading.
Once we understand why we act in labeling people, we can work on eliminating the habit of labeling others. We can overcome it by promoting absolute approval, sympathy, and consideration. We can learn to observe and experience the world without judgment. We can remain detached from expectations and demands. We can learn to accept people as they are and will not cause them unnecessary pain.
In ancient times, a superstition was once believed by humans that erratic behavior was the possession of spiritually evil demons, that only wizardry or sorcery could mend and cure the mentally ill. In 1808, a man named Professor Johann Christian Reil developed a new medicine field called Psychiatry, meaning the soul or mind. Eventually, the physicians practicing this medical field were known as Psychiatrist (“History of Psychiatry”). As time passed, the field started to evolve and the knowledge expanded becoming one of the oldest medical fields still existing today (“Psychiatrist – DO/MD”). Psychiatrists are medical doctors who are experts at preventing and treating psychological illnesses such as mental disorders. A Psychiatrist is a significant aspect to the medical field because they gain insight into the human mind, specialize in varieties of mental disorders, and help humans overcome internal problems.
Doward, J. (2013), Medicine's big new battleground: does mental illness really exist? The Observer 12 May.
...dealing with and treating individuals who suffer from them. Over the next few years technology will help us begin to learn more about them and we can then learn more efficient ways of dealing with these disorders. Not only do these disorders have a harmful effect on the individuals who suffer from them, but everyone around them they are affecting as well. That is why these disorders have such a damaging effect on people’s lives. Hopefully one day we know enough about these disorders to prevent them from happening in the first place.
One in five people experience a major depressive episode at least once in life. (chapter 12 page 493 psychology book) When one is diagnosed with major depression they are likely to be administered antidepressants. Another way to curb your mental state of depression is to use electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) which uses electrical pulses to increases certain areas in brain activity, which helps better balance your mood.
Anxiety disorder is a type of abnormal behavior characterized by unrealistic, irrational fear. These types of disorders are diagnosed two as often in women as in men. Although these disorders can be very chronic and serious, they are easily treatable. Generalized anxiety disorder is when people experience fear and worry that is not focused on one specific aspect; nevertheless, they suffer greatly with headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and insomnia. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, better known as OCD, involves persistent, unwanted, obsessions and irresistible urges to perform compulsions in order to relieve anxiety. Unlike other anxiety disorders, OCD consists more of anxiety and worry rather than fear itself. Many people who experience OCD are aware that there is no motive behind their actions, however their anxiety is heightened when they try to ignore the compulsions. People with such anxiety disorders often experience sensitivity to other people’s views as well as worry over their surroundings.
The Biological Theory of mental and psychiatric disorders revolves around the brain, and that these disorders are illnesses, or diseases that cause disruptions in the brain to produce the effects of the disorder. This theory says that the brain has specific physical, chemical, or structural problems that cause abnormal behavior. The increase of technological and pharmaceutical advancements, intervention has taken the course of chemical treatment of disorders. Biological theory focuses on the brains function and dysfunction, known as neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, and genetics. Psychiatrists focus on the role of neurotransmitters and how they affect human behavior, which leads to a very loose definition of a cure, psychiatric medications. These medications correct the dysfunctions in the brain by changing the amount of neurotransmitters. However, these medications lack in efficacy in diseases like schizophrenia, where the medication only suppresses the symptoms and not the disorder itself. (Schwartz and Corcoran, 64-88).
Anxiety is a normal reaction to stress. Every person experiences some form of anxiety in his or her lifetime. Anxiety helps us deal with tense situations like using our flight or fight reaction, study harder for an exam, or keep focus on important deadlines. Anxiety can be useful until it gets to the point of interfering with everyday life. Some people explain it as not being able to shut the anxiety off. When anxiety becomes an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations, it becomes a disabling disorder (National Institute of Mental Health, 2009). Each year, anxiety disorders affect about 40 million American adults age 18 years and older (National Institute of Mental Health, 2009). There are five major Anxiety Disorders they include Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Panic Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and Phobias.
The treatment of disorders (can be either mental or physical) by the use of either psychological needs or by the use of medicinal needs is called therapy. Therapy involves talking with a trained professional about things such as symptoms, problems, and understanding one's self.
Anxiety is our body’s reaction to stressful dangerous or unfamiliar situations (“What is Anxiety,” n.d.). Everyone has anxiety at times and this is necessary in human beings but some people have it much worse than others. Anxiety disorder makes life more difficult to cope with, it keeps people from sleeping, socializing with their peers and it makes it hard to concentrate (“What is Anxiety,”n.d.). So, what is the cause of anxiety? How can we tell if a person is suffering from an anxiety disorder? What are the different types of anxiety disorders around us?