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Socioeconomic factors that affect health
Socioeconomic factors that affect health
Socioeconomic factors that affect health
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According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the statistics for life expectancy by race do not imply that being a minority means you will live fewer years than white people, so I disagree with the assumption in the question. According to the statistics, Hispanic Americans live the longest (between Hispanic, black, and white Americans). So I do not believe being a minority affects one's longevity. I do however believe the evidence is clear that racial groups do have differing life expectancies. On the other hand, there is no denying the huge impact that economic status has on one's life expectancy. In this case, I have concerns about the notion that race and socioeconomic status interact with each other to cause a lesser life
Those who live more sedentary life styles are at risk for heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure, all things that effect lower-socioeconomic groups more often than those in higher income brackets. Those who are less educated are also twice as likely to smoke cigarettes as the most educated.
Social determinants of health have attracted the attention of governments, policy makers and international health organisations over the last three decades (Hankivsky & Christoffersen 2008). This is because social conditions which people are born in, live and work play an important role in their health outcomes (WHO 2015). According to Kibesh (1200) social determinants drive health disparities, disrupts the human developmental process and undermine the quality of life and opportunities for people and families (ref). Thus, several theories have been developed over the years to provide in-depth understanding of the social determinants of health and to reduce health inequalities (Hankivsky & Christoffersen, 2008). However, there is still significant
Variations in life expectancy and its changes are one major cause of rising income inequality. How long a person lives, as well as their quality of health, can have an important and huge impact on their income and social mobility. The life expectancy of the bottom 10% increases at only half the rate that the life expectancy of the top 10% does (Belsie). This shows that improvements in medicine benefit the wealthy more than the poor. The less wealthy have decreased access to good medical insurance and cannot afford more expensive, quality medical care. The poor are less likely to invest in healthy food and exercise, lowering life expectancy and overall health. These changes result in a cycle that causes the poor to be less healthy, and the less healthy to become increasingly poor. On the other side, the rich have different variations of habits, education, and environments, which can affect life expectancy, often positively for the
Disparities in cancer are caused by the complex interaction of low economic status, culture, and social injustice, with poverty playing the dominant role (Freeman, 2004). So I ask the question: Does socioeconomics impact a man’s prostate health?
A person’s health along with the health of a community are influenced heavily by the social determinants of health. These determinants create a strong foundation for a healthy and proper development of a community (Public Health Agency of Canada, 2013). Further, a proper foundation will allow the children within the community to develop properly, which will foster their potential for intellectual and physical intelligence. This paper will explore the effects of healthy childhood development, personal health practices and coping skills, health services and income and social statuses with in the Maple Leaf neighbourhood. Further, this paper will explore how the above social determinants of health directly affect the students of St. Fidelis school. Lastly, this paper will explain how the rise in cavities within these children is an issue as well as approached to overcome this issue.
Socio-economic class or socio-economic status (SES) may refer to mixture of various factors such as poverty, occupation and environment. It is a way of measuring the standard and quality of life of individuals and families in society using social and economic factors that affect health and wellbeing ( Giddens and Sutton, 2013). Cockerham (2007 p75) argues: ‘Social class or socioeconomic status (SES) is the strongest predictor of health, disease causation and longevity in medical sociology.’ Research in the 1990s, (Drever and Whitehead, 1997) found out that people in higher SES are generally healthier, and live longer than those in lower SES.
Throughout the past, scientists have attempted to explain the health disparity between African Americans and Whites. With the completion of the human genome project, it was shown that there is very little difference between different races on the genetic level. However, “African Americans are twice as likely to die from cardiovascular disease as their European counterpart,” the question that has arisen is where do these differences stem from (Harell, Floyd, Daniels and Bell). Recently, scientists have begun to believe that racism could possibly explain these differences (Belgrave &Allison, 2010).
A white-collar class neighborhood has a higher life expectancy and a better health rate. Whereas a move in societal position, to a lower class neighborhood that is less privileged, the health rate drops and the health outcomes are much worse. This may be because of continually having to be alert and on guard, which causes people to live a more stressful life. These individuals produce high stress hormones and believe it or not, it takes a toll. To name a few consequences of this would be heart attacks, diabetes and in the more regrettable case scenario,
Over the years, the social determinants of health (SDOH) have been receiving more attention due to its importance in determining peoples’ health access, health quality and health outcome. The social determinants of health have been described by various scholars as the situation or environmental condition in which people are born, or where they grow, live and work; unfortunately these conditions have continued to affect and determine people’s ability to access proper care.1-5 In other words, the SDOH continues to consciously and unconsciously influence people’s access to most opportunities in life including access to healthcare services both in developed and developing countries.2 This issues have continue to deteriorate in most developing countries increasing people’s susceptibility to multi-morbidity among different age groups, with a slight increase among the elderly.6
Other groups that experience similar increased risk of premature mortality are Blacks living in Jim Crow states and Whites living in high-level of anti-Black prejudice.
What can you do in four years? Get a bachelor’s degree, learn to play the piano, have a child, write a book—the potential is enormous. Four years. In the US, the average life expectancy at birth for African Americans is nearly four years less than that of Whites (Kochanek, Arias, & Anderson, 2015). A large contributor to this disparity is difference in health outcomes between Whites and Blacks in the US. For example, African Americans have higher rates of a myriad of diseases than Whites, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, which leads to a shorter life expectancy and poorer quality of life (Sullivan, 2013; Kuzawa & Sweet, 2009). A major mechanism causing this disparity is epigenetic modifications due to psychosocial effects of racism as well as environmental racism, which prevents African Americans’ access to healthy foods while increasing exposure to harmful environmental toxins. The poor health outcomes associated with being Black in America are only exacerbated by institutions that systematically prevent access to quality health care.
Research has shown that there is a direct correlation with unequal societies and poor heatlh. The findings suggest that determining health in a society, is dependent on how wealth is distributed. Past data has indicated that there is better life expectancy where their is more equal distribution of income. The most unequal places have the highest death rates, with a small decline
Most of the diseases of later life have their origin years earlier. - Income is
Herd, Goesling, and House specifically focused on the onset and progression of health problems and hypothesized that “while education may work primarily to delay the onset of health problems, income seems likely to primarily slow the course or progression of health problems” (Herd et al. 2007:226). They utilized data from the Americans’ Changing Lives study to “examine how education and income vary in importance in predicting (1) the onset of poor health and (2) the progression of poor health to worse health or death” (Herd et al. 2007:226). The Americans’ Changing Lives study, a longitudinal panel survey conducted at University of Michigan, surveys a “probability sample of noninstitutionalized civilian adults 25 years or older living in the contiguous United States” (Herd et al. 2007:227). They found that education alone does not predict health, but that income is “significantly associated with all stages of health decline” (Herd et al.
The two terms correlation and causation do indeed relate to one another in such a way. It is difficult to depict but knowing that correlation exists between income and health, makes it a little easier to understand. For example, taking a look at someones income and health. If we look at a person who makes over $150,000 per year and someone who makes $25,000 per year, we know that the poorer person is on a stricter budget and may not be able to afford a doctor. Causation is not referred to as cause and effect but it can be depicted as an “inference” to its correlation. Causation is what makes something seem logical and is a matter of fact “a logical” comparison. Causation is harder to prove, because there is no explanation as to why one cannot