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Modern architecture with greek influence
Modern architecture with greek influence
Modern architecture with greek influence
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The ancient Greeks were responsible for some of the most impressive and elaborate architectural constructions of their time, with one of their finest creations formerly being located at Ephesus. One of the largest buildings of its time, the Temple of Artemis served as a place of worship to Artemis, goddess of the hunt (referred to as Diana by the Romans, who also used the temple). Over its long history, the temple has been destroyed and rebuilt multiple times but maintained its status as a marvelous piece of craftsmanship, and a sign of architectural prowess. From the dimensions of the structure itself to the number of people who came from distant lands to experience it, this temple was regarded highly by many cultures.The Temple of Artemis …show more content…
was one of the most remarkable creations in all of history, and earns its status as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Located south of modern day Izmir, Turkey, the one version temple was originally constructed around 650 B.C. to 550 B.C. by a Cretan architect named Chersiphron along with his son Metagenes (Hill 2). The finances to build the temple were provided by a man from Lydia named Croesus and the Lydians themselves, as well as the Persians sometime later, had conquered the area of land that the temple was built on in the 500s, which was called Ephesus. The temple was said to have been rebuilt up to seven times but the exact number is unknown. However, evidence taken from various excavations have led to the conclusion that there has been at least three times where it was rebuilt, and each time it was rebuilt it said to have been larger than previous incarnation. The first time the temple was destroyed, it was the result of a flood sometime in the 7th century B.C., which was determined by finding large amounts of sand and other deposit over a previously made clay floor (Hill 3).The second time the temple was destroyed, around 356 B.C., it was because a man named Herostratus had intentionally set the building on fire. It is said that the reason for this is because Herostratus wanted to achieve personal fame by doing so, even though it also said that he had no hatred toward either the temple or towards the goddess Artemis herself (Ancient History 2). According to legend Alexander the Great had offered to pay for the cost of rebuilding the temple, but was turned down. The third time the temple was rebuilt, around 262 A.D., it was because Nero and the East Germanic Tribe, also known as the Goths, had plundered and destroyed the temple (Hill 3). After this occurred, the temple was never rebuilt again. The size, scale, and design of the Temple of Artemis was one of the contributing factors to why it was held in such high regards to buildings many people and cultures at the time. It was not because this temple was relatively large compared to other at the time, but because it was one of the biggest buildings in all of ancient Greece. For the second incarnation of the building, the temple was approximately 377 feet long and 180 feet wide, and for the third incarnation the length was between 425-450 feet long and around 225 feet wide, with the height being over 60 feet tall (Ancient History 2). During the third phase, 127 columns were erected on the foundation that stood 60 feet tall and were said to be gilded with gold and silver. The method used to transport the heavy materials to place on top of the columns was reportedly ramps, but during construction on the large pieces didn't fall in place correctly. Instead it had become crooked and a historian at the time, Pliny, became quite concern over the matter until he had a dream that it had been fixed by Artemis herself and when he returned the next day, the large piece of stone had actually fallen into where it should (Seven Wonders 3). It is also said that Pliny confirmed that construction of the temples had lasted around 120 years, but is actually debated to have taken around half that time. The style of which the temple was designed was not completely based on the normal approach that used in ancient Greece as well. The temple exhibited a mixture of classical Greek and Near-Eastern design and style (Ancient History 2). It was also thought to be the first building of its time to be created entirely out of marble. Of the 127 total columns, 36 of them had their lower portions carved with figures in high relief,. The interior of the temple was also another factor that contributed to its awe inspiring presence. Several sculptures included inside were of Amazon warriors, which were created by some of the greatest and most respected Greek sculptors of the era, including Polyclitus and Pheidias (Ancient History 2). These Amazon women were said to taking refuge at Ephesus from the demigod Hercules, and then later went to found the city itself. Also inside were several paintings that placed all over the interior of the temple There was additionally a “cult statue” that was housed inside. It was not a large statue, however, unlike the statute of Zeus at Olympia. Instead, it was more life sized and was placed on top of a pedestal. The location of the Temple of Artemis was an extremely important piece of information to consider when discussing its importance. It was strategically placed at the rim of the Greek world, which allowed many cultures to have access to the civilization that the ancient Greeks had to offer. At the point in time of its construction, Ephesus was one of the greatest cities in all of Asia-Minor, so naturally the degree of craftsmanship that put into its design was extremely high. The temple was also located on a swampy area of land, and after each it time is was destroyed it was rebuilt on the exact same piece of marsh (Seven Wonders 3). The architects believed that keeping it in the same location would help minimize that damage that earthquakes would do to the structure, with earthquakes at the time being extremely common and devastating to the Ephesus area. Ephesus also functioned as a harbour city, which would have allowed a myriad of travelers from distant lands to come explore the area and especially the temple. It was also located next to the Kaystros river, which was along a sea channel and harbour. This led to a changing landscape with the shoreline shifting from east to west due to sedimentation (Ephesus 1). All of this culminates in a very favorable geographic location in terms of attracting people from different cultures or countries. The Greek goddess Artemis had a large influence on the Ephesian culture.
The grandeur of the temple was seen as a type of evidence that supported Artemis’ power. This was what led to the underlying basis of the goddess’ recognition and prestige on an international scale. Every time the temple was rebuilt, it was seen as another gift to Artemis and was thought to bring further prosperity. Although there were many celebrations that honored the goddess throughout Ancient Greece, the people at Ephesia considered her to be solely theirs, and became angered from claims from any other group or culture that said that Artemis protected them. The temple became a symbol of Greek culture as a whole and became part of their identity. It was also crucial to the economy of the region, due to the large influx of foreigners coming to congregate in the area. The temple was held to such a degree, that even the ancient Greek poet, Antipater of Sidon, went on record by stating in poem that the Temple of Artemis was the greatest of the ancient wonders. He said:
“I have set eyes on the wall of lofty Babylon on which is a road for chariots, and the statue of Zeus by the Alpheus, and the hanging gardens, and the colossus of the Sun, and the huge labour of the high pyramids, and the vast tomb of Mausolus; but when I saw the house of Artemis that mounted to the clouds, those other marvels lost their brilliancy, and I said, "Lo, apart from Olympus, the Sun never looked on aught so grand"” (Antipater, Volume 3, Book
9). As shown through the intriguing history, intricate design and construction, location, and influence, The Temple of Artemis is among the most important and monumental structures in all of the ancient world. Functioning as a place of worship for an Olympian goddess, it not only defined a culture but became a place of interest for people from many different lands. Through multiple incarnations across hundreds of years it, along with several other structures, it proved that the ancient Greeks were among the greatest to ever live in terms of skill in architecture. It was over three times larger than the Parthenon and even more so for many other structures of the time, and is even cited by people who lived in that era as one of the most impressive and elegant structures in the world. All of this leads to the conclusions that Antipater was not only correct in determining that this temple should be one of the wonders of the ancient world, but the greatest out of the seven.
Greek mythology is something that everyone knows of, not only because it is so interesting, but because of the many gods and goddesses. One of the most well known goddesses being Goddess Athena who portrayed so many good characteristics. Although Goddess Athena is best known for wisdom, military skill, and crafts, she is also known for her mythological influence on the modern day world and her acts of heroism.
All the gods and goddesses within the ancient greek religion were heavily worshipped by the Spartans, in particular Artemis Orthia, Poseidon and Apollo. The gods convey the society’s values and ethics. Artemis Orthia, was the combination of two deities, who
The Parthenon was an amazing and important temple. Dedicated to Athena, the goddess of war and wisdom, it was a very important temple to the Greeks. Greeks worshiped all of their gods by building temples for them and giving sacrifices. Most of the sacrifices were sacred tiles designed especially for the gods, not many were human.
Athena was the Greek Goddess of many ideas, but she was famous mostly for her superior wisdom, her cunning skills in times of war, and her implausible talent for household tasks, such as weaving and pottery. She was celebrated more than any other God in ancient mythology, was the supposed inventor of countless innovations, and her figure gave reason for Greek women to gain rights long before others of their time. The goddess of war, the guardian of Athens, and the defender of Heroes; Athena’s impact on the lives of Ancient Greeks is outstanding. As a resident on Mount Olympus, Athena rightfully represents both intelligence and strategy (Grant, Hazel 83). Symbols that identify with the goddess include the owl for wisdom and the olive branch for peace (Athena or Minerva. 1).
...ueen of all gods, many worshipped her. “Hera’s sanctuary was at Argos in the Peloponnesus, where she was worshipped as the town Goddess. Other temples stood in Olympia, Mycenae, Sparta, Paestum, Corinth, Tiryns, Perachora, and the islands of Samos and Delos.”
This essay is trying to expose the ways Greek culture influenced the Odyssey. Religion, A household run by a male, and the idea of a true hero led to the creation of The Odyssey.
The Ancient Greeks were nothing if not influential. Ever since it 's formation in the 8th century B.C., Greek civilization has impacted many of the world 's greatest thinkers and shaped the landscape of Western Civilization. Aside from their art and philosophy, the Ancient Greeks were particularly interested in politics and, in the case of Athens, a new system of government known as: democracy! Long before the American founding fathers declared their independence from Britain, Athenian citizens governed their own state and voted to solve political turmoil. However, ancient Athens was no perfect twin to American democracy, and being an upstanding Athenian citizen meant more than simply voting and going about one 's business. A standout Athenian
It is always important to look to the past in order to move towards the future. This was done in the formation of Western Society, and more specifically the formation of American society. The Greek culture served as a frame of reference for many aspects of Western life including government, architecture, math and the arts. Ancient Greek culture served as a very broad base for our society to be built upon.
The Greeks believed the deities provided the city protection and allowed them to be successful in their endeavors while in time of war. Phidias, a master bronze worker, was commissioned to create the sculpture of Athena Parthenos, the goddess of wisdom to show tribute to the gods by creating a large scale sculpture in Acropolis. The Acropolis was the most important site in the city of Athens, and was well recognized as the hilltop of protection. It is also the most significant reference point of ancient Greek culture as well as the symbol of the city of Athens. Some of the greatest architectural masterpieces of the period were erected on its ground.
Without our past we are nothing. The Greek and Roman civilization were marvelous civilizations of the AD times. If you look around today you can see advancements we made off of concepts we borrowed from the Ancient Greeks and Romans. Today, we owe much of our understanding to them; they were very knowledgeable of many things. The Greeks and Romans although they were very old civilizations have managed to impact our daily lives in the some of the most fantastic ways possible.
Possibly one of the greatest testaments to the Greeks passion for their gods is the Acropolis and Parthenon in Athens, Greece. “. . . temple after temple, each more gorgeous and more perfect than the one before, rose all over the Greek main land, to reach a final climax in the Athenian Parthenon . . .” (Hamlin 124). Here Hamlin explains the greatness of what was achieved in Athens at the Acropolis and how nothing beyond that point could compare.
“One day I shall explore a different land and express my beauty” she said while brushing her hair down in the mirror, and Medusa took her own words. A week later she was traveling to the Parthenon with two close friends, Aella and Delia. Parthenon was one of the largest temples to the goddess Athena. Athena was the goddess of wisdom and military victory.
Long ago, stories of gods, goddesses, heroes, and monsters in ancient Greece were essential to everyday life. Mythology is a culture’s collective rationalization of events, history, and super natural power. Myths are told to have originated in ancient Greece during but the concepts true source is unknown. Influences mythology has on Greeks and Romans include religion, history, art, and entertainment.
The ruins of Ephesus can be found today on the west coast of the country of Turkey. Ephesus was a port city for the west coast of Asia during the period of the New Testament. “The city of Ephesus was aptly called the “mother city” of Asia because of her influence over the politics, commerce, and religious atmosphere of the province. Ephesus was the headquarters of the Roman proconsul and the seat of the “Confederacy” of the Greeks in Asia. ” Ephesus had a thriving economy which drew people from the rural areas and poorer cities to it. Ephesus was renowned throughout the world for the temple of Diana (Artemis), for skill in sorcery and magic, and as a destination spot for people from all the surrounding countries. Ephesus was multiethnic and religiously pluralistic. Paul reportedly labored for nearly three years (AD 52-55 /AD 54-57 ) in Ephesus during which time the word of the Lord spread to “all the residents of Asia,” (Acts19:10).
...ory of the contest between Athena and Poseidon to claim Athens, in which Athena won and thus being worshipped by people (Hyginus, pp. 264). Therefore, the Parthenon was built to dedicate to Athena, their virgin patron.