Hmong parents feared that their children would forget and abandon the values of the culture and traditions that has been in the Hmong communities for many generations (Lee et al., 2009). Therefore, Hmong parents became stricter on their children as a way to cope with their worries (Lee et al., 2009; Supple & Small, 2006). Hmong parental control over their children came in forms of one-way communication from the parent to the children, controlling their children’s behavior, monitoring their children’s activities, restricting their children’s freedom, verbal warnings, and physical punishment (Lee & Green, 2008; Pang, 1997; A. Supple et al., 2010; A. Supple & Small, 2006; Xiong et al., 2005). Although Hmong parents saw this as a way to protect their children and preserve their culture values and traditional practices, Hmong students perceived authoritarian parenting as being presumptuous (Supple et al., 2010). Hmong students found it difficult to understand the desire for parental control and the value for wanting to retain the Hmong culture since they are now living in the United States (Supple et al., 2010).
Financial Barriers
Hmong refugees came from a disadvantaged home environment that did not prepare them to adapt to life in the United States. Many Hmong refugees
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Although working Hmong families in the United States typically are self-employed as small farmers or work in the fast food industry, production companies, in the professional field and in the medical field (Vang, 2005). Many working Hmong families remain financially poor due to low wages and large family size. Data collected from the 2000 Census reported that the Hmong and Cambodian families had the lowest median income of all Asian groups. The approximate median incomes of Hmong and Cambodian families are $32,400 to $35,600 (Reeves & Bennett,
In their pursuit of assimilating and calling the US home, they had forged a new identity of Hmong Americans. (Yang, 203) Being Hmong American meant striving to move up the economic ladder and determining one’s own future. They understood that for them to realize their American dream and their “possibilities”, it could only be done so through “school”. (Yang, 139) Yang realized her dream by attaining a Master’s of Fine Arts from Columbia University and publishing books about the Hmong story.
Omar Housini Writing 001 Professor Trook October 10, 2016 ~Ending~ What is an ending? People pay attention to endings for different reasons. Perhaps it’s that final piece of information that connects everything together. Or, it may even be the loss of something that once had meaning and value. “In How Do I Begin? A Hmong American Literary Anthology” uses poems and short stories to show real experiences from Hmong-American writers, who survived through war, persecution, and exile. Endings”, by May Lee Yang, “In the End” and The last drops” by Soul Choj Vang, follow different types of endings, as one emphasizes the importance of endings in language, while the other expresses the ending of Hmong tradition. Through the literal sense in poems, endings
The Hmong people, an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam and Laos, greatly value their culture and traditions. The film “The Split Horn: Life of a Hmong Shaman in America” documents the seventeen year journey of the Hmong Shaman, Paja Thao and his family from the mountains of Laos to the heartland of America. This film shows the struggle of Paja Thao to maintain their 5000 year-old shamanic traditions as his children embrace the American culture. Moreover, the film shows that one of the major problems refugees like Paja Thao and his family face upon their arrival to the United States is conflict with the American medical system. Despite the dominant biomedical model of health, the film “The Split Horn” shows that
Studies of Hmong students are not sufficient to provide in depth and comprehensive information on the performance and education of this minority group. There are countless factors that impact the achievement levels of these students and in order to address the needs and issues, more research needs to be done. I suggest that more studies need to be done on the newly founded Charter schools which focus on the Hmong culture as well as American academics. I also suggest more studies that focus on the examination of peer pressure and gender equality issues relative to academic success involving Hmong-American students, and most especially for Female Hmong students for whom data is typically lacking (Vang, 2004) .
The Hmong culture is firmly rooted in their spiritual belief of animism, ancestral worship and reincarnation. These beliefs connect them to their sense of health and well-being. They view illness as having either a natural or a spiritual cause. A spiritual cause results in a “loss of souls” or is an action or misdeed that may have offended an ancestor’s spirit (California Department of Health Services, 2004, Purnell, 2013, p. 317). The soul escapes the body and may not be able to find its way back home. The Hmong also believe that a combination of natural and supernatural cause’s results in illness, and spells or curses, violation of taboos, accidents, fright, and infectious disease are other causes for illness (Centers for Disease Control
Many Hmong refugees were denied access to the United States because of anti-immigration policies, which was a betrayal that helped to explain the Hmong’s distrust to Americans in some ways.
The traditional Hmong live a horticultural society they depend on domesticated plants, they are well-adapted on soils of the tropical rain forests and poor soil places which are unsuitable for intense agriculture. Prehistoric Hmong are thought to have moved from Eurasia and made a few stops at Siberia. As their custom they settled in the highlands (mountains) from Vietnam and Laos and later in Thailand. They inherited the name “Miao”, from living in the mountains. Today Five million Hmong reside in China, more than any other country. The Hmong people have straight black hair and have a short, sturdy stature.
Most of the Hmong populations in America now reside in California, Minnesota and Wisconsin. They have now adapted to a society and culture that looked down upon them. Even though they have adapted, they still possess the traditions and rituals that their ancestors practiced in Southeast Asia. These traditions are held very sacred in the Hmong home. This is understood because every culture likes to keep a little piece of the past with them.
marry often face a dilemma, to wed the Hmong or American way. Both are distinctively
Parenting styles differ from parent to parent. Some may be strict and demanding while others may be more calm and lenient. In this essay, we look at three unique parenting styles: Chinese mothers, Western culture mothers and Helicopter mothers. The mothers described in these three articles are very diverse. They all come with strengths and weaknesses, and they all have a different viewpoint on how they think a child should be raised. While none of the mothers described in the articles have a perfect parenting style, they do have some worthy objectives.
It is the same with the uneven rate of Asians’ income. According to Golash-Boza, some Chinese and Indian men have greater personal budgets than white people, but not Laotian, Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Hmong Americans. In addition, it makes sense when some Asians earn more than the white when they had better education and worked harder in schools. However, studies show Asian Americans have low...
Authoritarian Parenting Style, in my opinion I always think of in the movies the Asian student whose father pushes them to get straight A’s and play in the orchestra. I know that sounds very stereotypical. This type of parenting style is very strict and they do not care to communicate with their child because it is their way, no and’s, if’s or but’s. According to Rathus (2016), the Authoritarian parents do not respect their child’s points of view and come off cold and rejecting.
In the article, “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior,” Amy Chua writes about how to raise a child, focusing her analysis between the modes of childcare as per Western and Chinese cultural dictates respectively (Chua 408). Amy outlines several things that her children are not allowed to do including: watching television for inordinately long hours and even, taking sleepovers. Amy’s methods have been shown to be very strict and pedagogical, quite unlike those adopted in the Western communities. She believes that Western parents tend to be soft when dealing with their children and instead, only exert dedicated effort towards the attainment of their children’s goals, unlike the Chinese mothers (Chua 408). The article makes the reader think
With over three hundred million Americans and over six billion people worldwide parenting skills are essential to maintain a healthy society. Parenting involves many aspects and requires many skills. It is a time to nurture, instruct, and correct to develop fundamental skills children will need to be mature, responsible, and contributing adults to a society. There are four commonly identified parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Of the four parenting styles, two remain on opposite ends of the parenting spectrum. These two styles; authoritarian, and permissive both have deleterious results that are often visible throughout different developmental stages, such as rebellious behavior. As well each style has its own advantages such as; acceptance by peers with commonality. Child rearing for most parents is an evolving set of skills. It could be said that, with any style of parenting, there is no explicit set of rules for every situation, and what works for one child may not be effective for another.
To be more specific, authoritarian parents are close to their children because they usually get involved in their child’s every activity. According to Amy Chua, the author of “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior”, she claims that, “Chinese parents spend approximately 10 times as long every day drilling academic activities with their children.” Chua’s point is that Chinese parents are likely to spend time with their kids to make sure that their kids are doing well and safe. For example, when kids have assignments from school, helicopter parents would help with their kids’ homework. Some strict parents may not teach their kids’ homework, but they would force or push their kids to do homework by keeping an eye on them. In this way, raising children by forcing and controlling them also makes children more successful in their academic skills because children would develop a sense of