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Industrial Revolution and urbanization
Effects of the industrial revolution on England
Effects of the industrial revolution on England
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Recommended: Industrial Revolution and urbanization
Chapter 23: Life in the Emerging Urban Society (1840-1900)
Introduction
Era of rapid industrialization and urbanization, middle class grew, creating more challenges for western women
Taming the City
Industry and the Growth of Cities
Poor quality of urban life due to poverty, lack of medical knowledge, overcrowding (no public transportation, people had to walk to work so close quarters, more likely to die from infectious diseases)
Factories were put in overcrowded areas, made conditions worse
Challenge of urban environment seen first in Britain, 1820’s & 30’s Cities increased 40-70% each decade, more than 17% England's population (1801), 35% 1851, 54% 1891
Small houses, builts in rows, were overfilled and (6-10 people in one room was common),
While the growth of the urban population led to new technological and industrial developments, it also produced penury, congestion, pollution, fatal disease, and tremendous fires. One of the most important problems that arose from this growth, however, was the absence of a legitimate urban government. Political, or urban, machines filled this void, and through patronage and graft secured votes from as many people as possible for their respective parties4. Immigrants were usually the easiest targets because they frequently did not speak much English, but more im...
The 19th Century is an age that is known for the Industrial Revolution. What some people don’t realize is the effect that this revolution had on gender roles in not only the middle and upper classes (Radek.) It started off at its worst, men were considered powerful, active, and brave; where as women were in no comparison said to be weak, passive, and timid (Radek.) Now we know this not to be true, however, back in the day people only went by what would allow ...
Industrialization had a major impact on the lives of every American, including women. Before the era of industrialization, around the 1790's, a typical home scene depicted women carding and spinning while the man in the family weaves (Doc F). One statistic shows that men dominated women in the factory work, while women took over teaching and domestic services (Doc G). This information all relates to the changes in women because they were being discriminated against and given children's work while the men worked in factories all day. Women wanted to be given an equal chance, just as the men had been given.
During the long nineteenth century, political revolutions, industrialization, and European imperialism resulted in dramatic changes in the role of women in Western Europe and Eastern Asia. As industrialization spread in Western Europe, women were no longer able to fulfill their dual role as a mother and a worker. After the introduction of industrialization, laborious tasks were moved from the household to factories and women were forced to choose either the life of a mother or the life of a worker. Women who chose to leave their households were subjected to harsh conditions, low wages, and long hours. The majority of married and middle-class women were confined to the home, and deprived of an education and civil rights. Unlike the women of Western Europe, the women of Eastern Asia rapidly constituted a major portion of the work force, but they also faced poor conditions and unfair wages. Similarly to Western Europe, the women of Eastern Asia were of a meaningless status and were expected to remain confined to the home. However, during the nineteenth century, the women of Eastern Asia gained greater educational opportunities. Additionally, the change in the role of women in Western Europe and Eastern Asia resulted in countless suffrage movements for civil rights. Therefore, the role of women in Western Europe and Eastern Asia was significantly similar in terms of the participation in the labor force and their attempts at gaining equal civil rights. However, the women of Eastern Asia had greater opportunities for education.
Typhoid fever, smallpox and diphtheria were some of the diseases that ravaged the slums. Many children suffer from juvenile diseases such as whooping cough, measles and scarlet fever. Infant morality rate was very high. Along with immigrants, blacks suffered greatly as well. Immigrants couldn’t afford better housing, but blacks were trapped in segregated areas.
London has a vast history which talks about major 8 time periods. This will help in identifying the areas which triggered the urban transformation.
labor class due to the lack of financial stability. For these women only the most dangerous
Each village had a town square at its center with seats where spectators could sit.The town square was used for ceremonies and games. Each village had a circular town house with clay walls and a cone shaped bark roof about 25 feet high. This was a ceremonial lodge and was also used for shelter for the homeless. Some town houses were smaller with a slanted bark roof only about 10 feet high. The most common house had a slanted bark roof with the roof about 7 feet high these were used for individual families, it held about, four to five people in it.. Each family had a summer and winter house both were packed with mud. The summer house was often used as a guest house for when visitors came to visit. They also owned their own granary which was half open and they also had a warehouse which was open on all four sides similar to a chickee.
The Second Industrial Revolution had a major impact on women's lives. After being controlled fro so long women were experiencing what it was like to live an independent life. In the late nineteenth century women were participating in a variety of experiences, such as social disabilities confronted by all women, new employment patterns, and working class poverty and prostitution. These experiences will show how women were perceived in the Second Industrial Revolution.
the middle class was growing in size and influence, and the working poor were leaving their
homes for weeks. Left over meals were thrown onto the ground for animals, also feeding
The nineteenth century was definitely a time of population growth and England was no exception to population growth. According to Professor of Economics, Nicola Tynan, in 1801, the metropolis in London had a population of 959,000. By 1851, the population had grown to 2.3 million residents and then in 1900, the population was up to 4.5 million (Tynan, 76). People in the area just wanted to move into the cities for the news jobs that were available in industry and to change their lives. These statistics are for the London metropolis, but the same population growth was occurring in many of the cities in northern England.
The migration from rural settings to an urban setting was common throughout the country but mainly in London, which was prompted by the lack of work in rural areas, and the coming of the industrial age. People flocked to the cities with their farm animals (hence the term pigsty) and children in tow, and lived (animals too) upon each other in small rooms within tenements. The conditions were overcrowded and horrendous. As a direct result of the overcrowding slums and disease were rampant and afflicted only the poor who lived under such conditions. In comparison to other European cities of the day, however, the rate of people dying from disease was equal with other large metropolitan areas in Europe. The large migration of people to the city, disease, and the lack of a proper infrastructure to contend with masses, were all unique problems for the city and the city governments. Clearly some drastic measures were required to remedy the sanitation and overcrowding issues.
As the time period progressed the population increased. During Queen Elizabeth’s reign the population went from 2.8 million people to 4.1 million (“Daily Life” 183). London, the capitol, was the largest city with a population of 200,000 people (“Daily Life” 183). Though the population was large nobility was only 3% of the population (“...
...ssues among women which led to a great change in their role. Women even began to fight against the social evils during this period.