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Freud and psychosexual development
Freud and psychosexual development
Freud and psychosexual development
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Freud's most important articles on homosexuality were written between 1905, when he published Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, and 1922, when he published "Certain Neurotic Mechanisms in Jealousy, Paranoia, and Homosexuality."[1] Freud believed that all humans were bisexual, by which he primarily meant that everyone incorporates aspects of both sexes, and that everyone is sexually attracted to both sexes. In his view, this was true anatomically and therefore also mentally and psychologically. Heterosexuality and homosexuality both developed from this original bisexual disposition.[2] As one of the causes of homosexuality Freud mentions the distressing heterosexual experience: "Those cases are of particular interest in which the libido changes over to an inverted sexual object after a distressing experience with a normal one."[3]
Freud appears to have been undecided whether or not homosexuality was pathological, expressing different views on this issue at different times and places in his work. Freud frequently called homosexuality an "inversion", something which in his view...
In this age,we can see more and more same-gender lovers in the streets and it won’t be uncommon any more. Lot’s of people regard them as unnormal individuals but I don’t agree with them. And today I’d like to show you something about Homosexual.
Littrell, Nereida. "Sigmund Freud's concept of bisexuality." www.examiner.com/article/sigmund-freud-s-concept-of-bisexuality . N.p., 17 march 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2014.
Heterosexuality all starts from the 19th century. People started to recognize more and more things in the world. Heterosexual and Homosexual was not even a word at the beginning of the 1900s. Heterosexual was called, “abnormal or perverted” and Homosexual in medical term was called “morbid sexual passion for one of the same sex.” Katz states that heterosexuality has not always existed. I think the reason why he believes that is because he feels that “the Dorland’s Medical Dictionary kept finding the words to describe sexes.” In the past, people think that men and women should be together, they did not have any ideas of what heterosexual and homosexuals are. Most of the men were attracted to women, so people think a man and a woman together
I chose this topic because there is an issue of homophobia around the world. I find it interesting as to why people are homosexual, and if there is a gene responsible for this or if it can be developed later in life. This area of research directly relates to the age old question of “nature Vs. nurture”.
In "The Psychogenesis of a Case of Homosexuality in a Woman", Freud discusses a case of a young woman brought to him by her parents for treatment as a homosexual. Although he states that Psychoanalysis is not truly a tool for curing homosexuality, but one to help those with inner conflict in one particular area or another, he attempts to study the girl to see if Psychoanalysis could be of any help to her. Once he realized that the girl had a deep rooted bitterness towards men, he called off his study of her and told her parents that if they were to seek more psychoanalysis for her it should be sought from a woman. Prior to this discovery he found a few things of interest that may have attributed to her choice of sexual object.
Homosexuality can be described as a romantic or sexual attraction or act between people of the same gender, and it can also be a term used to refer to a person's sense of identity based on the same attractions or behaviors. Homosexuality is among the three main categories of sexual orientation, alongside heterosexuality and bisexuality, and up to the present day, the scientists have not been able to know the factors that determine the sexual orientation of different people. Some of them, however, guess that sexual orientation of different people is caused by a complex interplay of the hormonal, genetic and environmental influences, and it is not a choice for the people concerned.
Approximately 300 million people live in the United States, and of the 300 million people, nine million people have identified themselves as homosexual. This number could be even higher since not every individual has identified themselves as homosexual. At least nine million people are subject to prejudice, hatred, or discrimination because of stereotypes society has placed on them. Stereotyping has led to discrimination, hatred, and prejudice of homosexuals. This extreme and irrational aversion toward homosexuality or homosexuals is called homophobia and is a major social problem.
Bisexuality is a psychological phenomenon that is still relatively inconclusive. Many people in society today are convinced that bisexuality is not even real, that bisexuality is simply a phase, and that it should not even be counted as a sexual orientation. The studies, tests, and data collected by researchers of the bisexual community have had difficulty being generalized based upon the variety and diversity of those who identify as bisexual. In early psychology, methods such as the Kinsey scale became helpful to determine a person 's sexual orientation based on a 0-6 ranking. However, the Kinsey Scale is based on sexual encounters and behavior with members of the same sex, rather than questioning the the emotional and
I chose to write about this specific question because I clearly remember recognizing my sexual orientation before accepting my sexual identity. As early as the second grade, I remember acquiring an “interest” in females that was not exhibited by my male peers. This interest was definitely not sexual in nature or anything I would deem developmentally inappropriate, but I remember suddenly developing this attraction toward females that I did not necessarily understand at this age. Since my peers did not seem to overtly share this interest, I chose to keep these feelings to myself, however. I remember wondering if something might be wrong with me actually. I knew it was okay for adults to feel attracted to others and have romantic partners, but
Sigmund Freud was an Austrian psychoanalyst in the twentieth century whose studies and interests were focused on psychosexual behavior, psychosocial behavior, and the unconscious. He blames incestual desires and acts on neurosis and believes neurotics were victimized and molested in their youth. Congruently, this is his explanation for sexual urges in children. He watched psychiatrists fail at inventions of electrical and chemical treatments for mental disorders, only for them to turn to treatments that followed concepts of psychoanalysis. Even though drugs diminish symptoms of suffering he believed psychoanalytic or talking therapy would truly restore a patient’s self-esteem and welfare. As quoted by Ernst G. Beier:
Over the years, there has been a debate whether homosexuality is due to nature or nurture. In other words, are you born gay, or do you become gay? Scientists look into its background and origins of homosexuality. Some believe it is developmental or some have even tried to diagnose a disorder back originally. There are many valid points to either side that can be discussed and much information to be researched about this topic. On one hand, people may say that you are born gay due to your genetic makeup because they always seem to know that they have been gay; on the other hand some people may argue that your surroundings sway you to become gay because some people may not come out until their later years. Both sides pose important questions such as; is there a chance that you could have a gay offspring if nobody in your family line was ever gay if it deals with genetics? Or maybe if you are born gay, then why don’t people talk about it or even come out until later in life? Does your family situation involving how many brothers and/or sisters you have effect the sexuality of someone or is that aspect just completely disregarded? All of these questions can be answered with simple explanations and when it comes down to it all, there is no correct side to this argument; it is all what people believe. Despite all of this, the real question is, is homosexuality a result of a person’s environment and surroundings or of his biology and genetics?
Freud believed that humans develop through stages based on particular erogenous zones. Freud theorized that to gain a healthy personality as an adult, a person would have to successfully complete a certain sequence of five stages. Within the five stages of Freud’s psychosexual development theory, Freud assumed there would be major consequences if any stage was not completed successfully. The stages, in order, were the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, the latency stage, and the genital stage. In general, Freud believed that an unsuccessful completion of any stage would make a person become fixated on that particular stage. The outcome would lead the person to either over indulge or under indulge the failed stage during adulthood. Freud truly believed that the outcomes of the psychosexual stages played a major part in the development of the human personality. Eventually, these outcomes would become different driving forces in every human being’s personality. The driving forces would determine how a person would interact with the world around them. The results from Freud’s theory about the stages of psychosexual development led Freud to create the concept of the human psyche; Freud’s biggest contribution to
Homosexuality in Today's Society. In today's society, there exists a mixture of issues which tend to raise arguments with people all over. There are a handful of topics that always seem to escalate these differences between people to the point where one who earnestly participates in discussion, debate and argument can direct their anger towards their feelings on the person themselves. Some examples of such delicate subjects are the death penalty, abortion, and euthanasia.
However, a couple years ago, the issue seemed to only be discussed by people in the social sciences. Psychologists, such as Sigmund Freud, studied homosexuals broadly and were coming up with specification for their "abnormal" behavior. All of the reasons that the people who were studied, created links to homosexuality was because of experiences that homosexual have happened to them while growing up. Typically speaking, psychology believed that a person 's surrounding could explain homosexuality. However, in the past eight or ten years, the subject of homosexuality has and is steadily making it into the world of biology. Studies have been done recently are coming up with a genetic explication for sexual predilection. The fact that many of the scientists taking part into researches of this sort are gays, Chandler Burr an American journalist, scientist of genetics, and biology as well, verbally expressed “which expounds a lot about the issue, that homosexual people are intrigued and curious about their “abnormal” nature themselves”. It may also serve as proof, that homosexuality is not the personal choice, and also saying about the moral competence of sexual minority people. The words "sexual orientation," which in the 1980s superseded "sexual predilection," declares the deeply rooted nature of sexual desire and love. It implicatively
In today’s day in age, different sexualities and gender identities are quickly becoming more accepted in mainstream society. Despite this change, there are many people who believe that having a different sexual orientation or gender identity is a choice that is frowned upon. In order to refute this belief, research and biology of the brain is necessary. Researching the brain on the basis of sexuality is a fairly new topic of discussion because it is somewhat difficult and confusing. This paper will explore the different identities of gender, sex and sexual orientation and the main biological reasons behind these. There is also some validity of different sexual orientations and identities through the evidence of sexual disorders like Klinefelter’s and Turner’s Syndrome and gender dysphoria.